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breast cancer Flashcards

1
Q

MAMMOGRAPHIC SCREENING used for

A

Small, non-palpable breast carcinomas
carcinomas with no breast symptoms

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2
Q

normal breast on mammogram

A

Dense fibroglandular tissue: White
Fatty tissue: Clear

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3
Q

breast cancer on mammogram

A

densities & calcifications

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4
Q

malignant breast cancer incidence in ><40 women

A

<40 12%
>40 30%

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5
Q

Acute Mastitis & Breast Abscess etiology

A

inflammation (staph or strep) blocking lactiferous duct
Sheets of neutrophils & fibrosis or scarring later

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6
Q

Acute Mastitis & Breast Abscess clinically

A

hard lump

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7
Q

Galactocele

A

seen in Acute Mastitis & Breast Abscess

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8
Q

Galactocele

A

Cyst with milk, macrophages & inflammatory cells.

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9
Q

Chronic Mastitis

A

Plasma cell mastititis / ductectasia
Traumatic Fat Necrosis
Tuberculous mastitis

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10
Q

commenest Chronic Mastitis

A

Tuberculous mastitis

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11
Q

thick chessy secretion

A

Plasma cell mastititis

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12
Q

History of trauma or prior surgery

A

Traumatic Fat Necrosis

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13
Q

Traumatic Fat Necrosis clinical

A

Painless palpable hard mass, skin thickening or retraction

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14
Q

confusion with breast CA

A

Traumatic Fat Necrosis

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15
Q

Tuberculous mastitis identified by

A

Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining & culture

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16
Q

caseating granulomatous in lung

A

Tuberculous mastitis

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17
Q

FIBROCYSTIC CHANGES IN BREAST age

A

3rd-5th decade

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18
Q

Lump occasionally with brownish discharge

A

FIBROCYSTIC CHANGES IN BREAST:

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19
Q

FIBROCYSTIC CHANGES IN BREAST appearance

A

Single or multiple cyst surrounded by white firm solid tissue, bluish, brownish fluid with fibrosis & inflammatory lymphocytes flattend or cubical epithelium& outer myoepionelial
Apocrine metaplasia

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20
Q

Moderate hyperplasia risk of cancer

A

1.5 -2

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21
Q

Atypical hyperplasia risk of cancer

A

5

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22
Q

Family history & atypical hyperplasia

A

10

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23
Q

Sclerosing adenosis grossly

A

Hard rubbery lump

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24
Q

Benign breast tumors

A

Fibroadenoma, phyllodes tumor, duct papilloma & adenomas

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25
Commenest benign breast tumor
Fibroadenoma
26
Mobile lump
Fibroadenoma
27
Fibroadensma median age
3rd decade
28
Fibroadenoma etiology
Increase in estrogen (pregnancy & lactation)
29
Leaf like tumor
Phyllodes tumor
30
Phyllodes tumor histology
Excessive stromal overgrowth projecting into cleft & mitoses
31
Fibroadenoma grossly
Firm rubbery encapsulated
32
Phyllodes tumor mebastasty
15%
33
Malignant phyllodes tumor
Increase mitoses, stromat cellularity, size, atypia
34
Bloody breast discharges
Duct papilloma
35
Duct papilloma originate
Large subareolar
36
Duct papilloma structure
Papillary structure filling duct & Fibrovascular core (benign epithelium & myoepithelium)
37
Adenoma types
Tubular, lactation & nipple
38
Nipple adenoma DDx
Pager
39
Nipple adenoma
Nodular under nipple & nipple ulceration
40
Tubular adenoma
Circumscribed, 20-30, closely packed tubules with no stromal proliferation
41
Lactation adenoma
Secretion in tubules & vacuole cells
42
Breast carcinoma risk factors
Genetic, hormonal, proexisiting breast disease, environment & age
43
Familial breast carcinoma
5%-10%, p53 (2%), brca-1 (50% - 80%) & brace-2 ( 10% 15%)
44
Non familial breast cancer Mutation
C-erb B2, c-ras, rb, P53
45
Breast cancer hormonal risk factors
Length of reproductive life, delayed pregnancy, short or no lactation, parity, ovarian tumors secreting estrogen, exogenous
46
Breast carcinoma sites
L>r, 50% outer Uq, 20% under the nipples, 10% other quadrants
47
Breast carcinoma screening programs
Self palpation, mammography & Fna
48
Noninvasive breast carcinoma
Dustal & labalor
49
Ducal carcinoma types
Comedo & non comedo
50
Red wet OOzing eczematous nipple
Paget disease of the nipple
51
What does paget disease of the nipple indicates
Underlying ducal carcinoma
52
Paget cells
Scattered single large malignant cells (Paget) in epidermis Chronic inflammatory cells upper dermis
53
In situ carcinoma with no necrosis
Lobular
54
Lobular carcinoma in situ histology
Lobule is filled & distended by uniform round cells
55
Incidence of bilateral Lcis
50% - 70%
56
Incidence of Lcis evolution to invasive
20%-30%
57
Invasive carcinomas
Ducal, lobular, medullary, muCinous & tubular
58
Commons invasive breast carcinoma
DuCt
59
Invasive Duct grossly
Stony hard, gritty on cutting large amount of fibrous stroma: Scirrhous
60
Where do we Indian file
Invasive lobular
61
Where do we find signet cells
Invasive lobular
62
Invasive lobular grossly
Rubbery, poorly circumscribed
63
Uniform single cells infiltrate
Signer cells with intracellular mucin
64
Medullary Carcinoma prognosis
good
65
Prominent lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate found in
Medullary Carcinoma
66
Mucinous carcinoma age group
menopausal women
67
Mucinous carcinoma prognosis
good
68
Mucinous carcinoma grossly
Soft, gelatinous circumscribed mass
69
Mucinous carcinoma histology
Lakes of mucin, Cords & islands of uniform cells little pleomorphism & Little or absent stroma
70
May be mistaken for sclerosing adenosis
Tubular Carcinoma
71
Tubular Carcinoma prognosis
good
72
Tubular Carcinoma gross
Small circumscribed hard tumor, maybe multifocal
73
INFLAMMATORY CARCINOMA etiology
Dermal lymphatics blocked by tumor cells
74
INFLAMMATORY CARCINOMA clinical couse pace
rapid
75
INFLAMMATORY CARCINOMA clinically
edema, redness, tenderness and swollen breast
76
hematogenousis spread of breast cancer
lung, liver, bone, brain, adrenal, ovary
77
breast cancer proliferation markers
Ki 67, PCNA
78
breast cancer Invasion markers
angiogenesis, CD44, cathepsin D, nm23

pathology (5 decks)

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