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pathology > breast cancer > Flashcards

breast cancer Flashcards

1
Q

MAMMOGRAPHIC SCREENING used for

A

Small, non-palpable breast carcinomas
carcinomas with no breast symptoms

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2
Q

normal breast on mammogram

A

Dense fibroglandular tissue: White
Fatty tissue: Clear

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3
Q

breast cancer on mammogram

A

densities & calcifications

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4
Q

malignant breast cancer incidence in ><40 women

A

<40 12%
>40 30%

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5
Q

Acute Mastitis & Breast Abscess etiology

A

inflammation (staph or strep) blocking lactiferous duct
Sheets of neutrophils & fibrosis or scarring later

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6
Q

Acute Mastitis & Breast Abscess clinically

A

hard lump

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7
Q

Galactocele

A

seen in Acute Mastitis & Breast Abscess

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8
Q

Galactocele

A

Cyst with milk, macrophages & inflammatory cells.

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9
Q

Chronic Mastitis

A

Plasma cell mastititis / ductectasia
Traumatic Fat Necrosis
Tuberculous mastitis

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10
Q

commenest Chronic Mastitis

A

Tuberculous mastitis

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11
Q

thick chessy secretion

A

Plasma cell mastititis

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12
Q

History of trauma or prior surgery

A

Traumatic Fat Necrosis

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13
Q

Traumatic Fat Necrosis clinical

A

Painless palpable hard mass, skin thickening or retraction

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14
Q

confusion with breast CA

A

Traumatic Fat Necrosis

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15
Q

Tuberculous mastitis identified by

A

Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining & culture

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16
Q

caseating granulomatous in lung

A

Tuberculous mastitis

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17
Q

FIBROCYSTIC CHANGES IN BREAST age

A

3rd-5th decade

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18
Q

Lump occasionally with brownish discharge

A

FIBROCYSTIC CHANGES IN BREAST:

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19
Q

FIBROCYSTIC CHANGES IN BREAST appearance

A

Single or multiple cyst surrounded by white firm solid tissue, bluish, brownish fluid with fibrosis & inflammatory lymphocytes flattend or cubical epithelium& outer myoepionelial
Apocrine metaplasia

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20
Q

Moderate hyperplasia risk of cancer

A

1.5 -2

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21
Q

Atypical hyperplasia risk of cancer

A

5

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22
Q

Family history & atypical hyperplasia

A

10

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23
Q

Sclerosing adenosis grossly

A

Hard rubbery lump

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24
Q

Benign breast tumors

A

Fibroadenoma, phyllodes tumor, duct papilloma & adenomas

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25
Q

Commenest benign breast tumor

A

Fibroadenoma

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26
Q

Mobile lump

A

Fibroadenoma

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27
Q

Fibroadensma median age

A

3rd decade

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28
Q

Fibroadenoma etiology

A

Increase in estrogen (pregnancy & lactation)

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29
Q

Leaf like tumor

A

Phyllodes tumor

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30
Q

Phyllodes tumor histology

A

Excessive stromal overgrowth projecting into cleft & mitoses

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31
Q

Fibroadenoma grossly

A

Firm rubbery encapsulated

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32
Q

Phyllodes tumor mebastasty

A

15%

33
Q

Malignant phyllodes tumor

A

Increase mitoses, stromat cellularity, size, atypia

34
Q

Bloody breast discharges

A

Duct papilloma

35
Q

Duct papilloma originate

A

Large subareolar

36
Q

Duct papilloma structure

A

Papillary structure filling duct & Fibrovascular core (benign epithelium & myoepithelium)

37
Q

Adenoma types

A

Tubular, lactation & nipple

38
Q

Nipple adenoma DDx

A

Pager

39
Q

Nipple adenoma

A

Nodular under nipple & nipple ulceration

40
Q

Tubular adenoma

A

Circumscribed, 20-30, closely packed tubules with no stromal proliferation

41
Q

Lactation adenoma

A

Secretion in tubules & vacuole cells

42
Q

Breast carcinoma risk factors

A

Genetic, hormonal, proexisiting breast disease, environment & age

43
Q

Familial breast carcinoma

A

5%-10%, p53 (2%), brca-1 (50% - 80%) & brace-2 ( 10% 15%)

44
Q

Non familial breast cancer Mutation

A

C-erb B2, c-ras, rb, P53

45
Q

Breast cancer hormonal risk factors

A

Length of reproductive life, delayed pregnancy, short or no lactation, parity, ovarian tumors secreting estrogen, exogenous

46
Q

Breast carcinoma sites

A

L>r, 50% outer Uq, 20% under the nipples, 10% other quadrants

47
Q

Breast carcinoma screening programs

A

Self palpation, mammography & Fna

48
Q

Noninvasive breast carcinoma

A

Dustal & labalor

49
Q

Ducal carcinoma types

A

Comedo & non comedo

50
Q

Red wet OOzing eczematous nipple

A

Paget disease of the nipple

51
Q

What does paget disease of the nipple indicates

A

Underlying ducal carcinoma

52
Q

Paget cells

A

Scattered single large malignant cells (Paget) in epidermis Chronic inflammatory cells upper dermis

53
Q

In situ carcinoma with no necrosis

A

Lobular

54
Q

Lobular carcinoma in situ histology

A

Lobule is filled & distended by uniform round cells

55
Q

Incidence of bilateral Lcis

A

50% - 70%

56
Q

Incidence of Lcis evolution to invasive

A

20%-30%

57
Q

Invasive carcinomas

A

Ducal, lobular, medullary, muCinous & tubular

58
Q

Commons invasive breast carcinoma

A

DuCt

59
Q

Invasive Duct grossly

A

Stony hard, gritty on cutting
large amount of fibrous stroma: Scirrhous

60
Q

Where do we Indian file

A

Invasive lobular

61
Q

Where do we find signet cells

A

Invasive lobular

62
Q

Invasive lobular grossly

A

Rubbery, poorly circumscribed

63
Q

Uniform single cells infiltrate

A

Signer cells with intracellular mucin

64
Q

Medullary Carcinoma prognosis

A

good

65
Q

Prominent lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate found in

A

Medullary Carcinoma

66
Q

Mucinous carcinoma age group

A

menopausal women

67
Q

Mucinous carcinoma prognosis

A

good

68
Q

Mucinous carcinoma grossly

A

Soft, gelatinous circumscribed mass

69
Q

Mucinous carcinoma histology

A

Lakes of mucin, Cords & islands of uniform cells
little pleomorphism & Little or absent stroma

70
Q

May be mistaken for sclerosing adenosis

A

Tubular Carcinoma

71
Q

Tubular Carcinoma prognosis

A

good

72
Q

Tubular Carcinoma gross

A

Small circumscribed hard tumor, maybe multifocal

73
Q

INFLAMMATORY CARCINOMA etiology

A

Dermal lymphatics blocked by tumor cells

74
Q

INFLAMMATORY CARCINOMA clinical couse pace

A

rapid

75
Q

INFLAMMATORY CARCINOMA clinically

A

edema, redness, tenderness and swollen breast

76
Q

hematogenousis spread of breast cancer

A

lung, liver, bone, brain, adrenal, ovary

77
Q

breast cancer proliferation markers

A

Ki 67, PCNA

78
Q

breast cancer Invasion markers

A

angiogenesis, CD44, cathepsin D, nm23

pathology (5 decks)

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