breast cancer

Question 1

x

Question 2

x

Question 3

x

Question 4

x

Question 5

x

Question 6

x

Question 7

x

Question 8

x

Question 9

x

Question 10

x

Question 11

x

Question 12

x

Question 13

x

Question 14

x

Question 15

x

Question 16

x

Question 17

x

Question 18

where does breast cancer most of the time metastise too ?

Answer 18

, bone metastases are most likely to originate from the breast. In men, bone metastases are most likely to originate from the prostate.

Question 19

x

Question 20

what is Trastuzumab

Answer 20

monoclonal antibody directed against the HER2/neu receptor

Question 21

Role of Trastuzumab

Answer 21

mainly in metastatic breast cancer although some patients with early disease are now also given trastuzumab.

Question 22

side effects of Trastuzumab

Answer 22

flu-like symptoms and diarrhoea are common

cardiotoxicity:
more common when ANTHRACYCLINES HAVE also been used
an echo is usually performed before starting treatment

Question 23

Selective oEstrogen Receptor Modulators (SERM) example and used when ?

Answer 23

Tamoxifen- used in the management of oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

Question 24

Tamoxifen is a SERM which acts as an

Answer 24

oestrogen receptor antagonist and partial agonist

Question 25

Adverse effects of elective oEstrogen Receptor Modulators (SERM)

Answer 25

menstrual disturbance: vaginal bleeding, amenorrhoea hot flushes - 3% of patients stop taking tamoxifen due to climacteric side-effects venous thromboembolism endometrial cancer

Question 26

examples of aromatase inhibitors ?

Answer 26

Anastrozole and letrozole

Question 27

function of aromatase inhibitor ?

Answer 27

reduces peripheral oestrogen synthesis.

Question 28

aromatisation accounts for the majority of oestrogen production in ?

Answer 28

postmenopausal women and therefore anastrozole is used for ER +ve breast cancer in this group.

Question 29

side effects of aromatase inhibitor such as anastrozole and letrozole

Answer 29

osteoporosis NICE recommends a DEXA scan when initiating a patient on aromatase inhibitors for breast cancer hot flushes arthralgia, myalgia insomnia