Breast Flashcards
Margins of benign lesions and malignant tumors?
Benign lesions:
smooth round edges, do not invade surrounding tissue
Malignant:
irregular walls, spiculated margins, disrupt normal tissue, nipple retraction and skin dimpling
Shape and orientation of benign and malignant lesions?
Benign:
rounded or oval, parallel to chest wall, wider than tall
Malignant:
sharp angular margins, taller than wide
Echogenicity of benign and malignant?
benign:
isoechoic with breast tissue, exhibit posterior enhancement
malignant:
hyperechoic, posterior shadowing
Density and stiffness differences of benign and maligant tumors?
benign:
mobile and compressible, no increased blood flow
malignant:
rigid and noncompressible, increased vascularity and feeder vessel
Three layers of the breast?
subcutaneous layer, mammary, and retromammary
Functional layer of the breast consists of how many lobes?
15 to 20 lobes
fibrous skeleton responsible for maintaining shape of breast?
Coopers ligaments
With age, glandular tissue is replaced with what?
fatty infaltrate
Appearance of coopers ligaments under ultrasound?
echogenic and dispersed in linear pattern
characteristics of papiloma?
intraductal small, multiple, frequent in women 35 to 55, usually benign
clinical findings of lumpy breast tissue during monthly cycle?
fibrocystic changes
common solid benign tumor of the breast?
fibroadenoma
sonographic characteristics of fibroadenoma?
smooth, low-level homogeneous internal echoes, intermediate posterior enhancement, hypoechoic but more hyperechoic than fat
most common malignant neoplasm?
invasive ductal carcinoma
arteries responsible for supply of more tha half of the breast?
anterior perforating branches of the internal mammary artery
Condition where a male has breasts?
Gynacomastia
ultrasound is the exam of choice when?
pregnancies and women under 30
