Breast Flashcards
CYTOLOGY
What is Fine-Needle Aspiration (FNA)?
A minimally invasive procedure used to obtain tissue samples from a breast lesion for cytological examination.
True or False: FNA is a surgical procedure.
False
What type of needle is typically used in Fine-Needle Aspiration?
A thin, hollow needle.
What is the primary purpose of Fine-Needle Aspiration in breast evaluation?
To differentiate between benign and malignant breast lesions.
Fill in the blank: FNA samples are primarily evaluated through ______.
cytology.
What imaging techniques are often used to guide FNA procedures?
Ultrasound or mammography.
What is the main advantage of using FNA over surgical biopsy?
It is less invasive and has a lower complication rate.
True or False: FNA can provide information about the architecture of breast tissue.
False
What is the role of cytology in the evaluation of FNA samples?
To examine the cellular characteristics and determine the nature of the lesion.
What are the common indications for performing FNA on breast lesions?
Palpable masses, suspicious imaging findings, and lymph node involvement.
What are the potential complications of Fine-Needle Aspiration?
Bleeding, infection, and pain at the site.
Fill in the blank: FNA is often used in conjunction with ______ for comprehensive breast assessment.
histological analysis.
What is the histological technique commonly used after FNA for further diagnosis?
Core needle biopsy.
What cytological feature is indicative of malignancy in breast FNA samples?
Anisonucleosis.
True or False: FNA can be used to evaluate both solid and cystic lesions.
True
What is the typical needle gauge used in Fine-Needle Aspiration?
22 to 25 gauge.
What type of lesions may be challenging to diagnose using FNA?
Lesions with low cellularity or cystic lesions.
What is the significance of a ‘suspicious’ FNA result?
It may indicate the need for further investigation, such as a biopsy.
Fill in the blank: FNA samples are often spread on slides for ______ staining.
Papanicolaou.
What does a benign cytological finding in FNA imply?
The lesion is likely non-cancerous.
What is the role of a pathologist in the FNA process?
To analyze the cytology slides and provide a diagnosis.
True or False: FNA can replace surgical biopsy in all cases.
False
What is the typical follow-up procedure after a suspicious FNA result?
A core needle biopsy or excisional biopsy.
What are the limitations of Fine-Needle Aspiration?
It may not provide sufficient tissue for a definitive diagnosis in some cases.
Fill in the blank: Adequate ______ is crucial for accurate FNA results.
sampling.
What is a common cytological diagnosis for a benign breast lesion?
Fibroadenoma.
What does the term ‘cytologic atypia’ refer to?
Abnormalities in cell size, shape, and organization.
How does FNA compare to core needle biopsy in terms of invasiveness?
FNA is less invasive than core needle biopsy.
What is the importance of patient history in the FNA process?
It helps in assessing risk factors and guiding the procedure.
Fill in the blank: The ______ of the needle can affect the quality of the sample obtained.
size.
What is the recommended follow-up for a benign FNA result?
Regular monitoring and clinical examination.
True or False: FNA is effective for diagnosing inflammatory breast conditions.
True
What is the typical turnaround time for FNA results?
1 to 2 days.
What is the main disadvantage of FNA in breast cancer diagnosis?
It may yield insufficient tissue for molecular testing.
Fill in the blank: FNA is often performed in an ______ setting.
outpatient.
What are the common cellular features of invasive carcinoma seen in FNA?
Increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio and irregular nuclear contours.
What is the role of imaging in conjunction with FNA?
To locate and characterize the lesion prior to aspiration.
True or False: FNA can be performed without imaging guidance.
True
What is the typical follow-up for a malignant FNA result?
Further imaging and possible surgical intervention.
What type of breast lesions is FNA particularly useful for?
Palpable masses and suspicious lesions.
Fill in the blank: The success of FNA is highly dependent on the ______ technique used.
sampling.
What is the key benefit of using ultrasound guidance during FNA?
Improved accuracy in targeting the lesion.
What might a ‘negative’ FNA result indicate?
No malignant cells were detected, but further evaluation may be needed.
True or False: FNA can help in the diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer.
True
What is a common cytological feature of a benign cystic lesion in FNA?
Simple fluid with few cells.
