Brant & Helms Ques.

Question 1

Causes of interlobular septal thickening on HRCT include?

Answer 1

1: Pulmonary oedema
2: Lymphangitis carcinomatosis
3: Sarcoidosis
4: IPF / UIP

Question 2

DDx for intralobular septal thickening?

Answer 2

These extend towards the interlobular septa

1: IPF (UIP)
2: Asbestosis
3: Alveolar proteinosis
4: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (chronic)

Question 3

DDx for honeycombing on HRCT?

Answer 3

Honeycombing DDx:

1: IPF (UIP)
2: Asbestosis
3: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (chronic)
4: Sarcoidosis

Question 4

DDx for thin walled cyst on HRCT?

Answer 4

1: LCH
2: LAM
3: Tuberous sclerosis
4: Neurofibromatosis
5: Emphysema

Question 5

DDx for randomly distributed micro-nodules on HRCT?

Answer 5

1: TB
2: histoplasmosis
3: Haematogenous metastases-thyroid ca; Adenocarcinoma
4: Silicosis
5: Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis (CWP)
6: LCH

Question 6

Ground glass opacification DDx

Answer 6

1: DIP
2: NSIP
3: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
4: Pulmonary oedema
5: PCP

Question 7

Traction bronchiectasis occurs in?

Answer 7

1: IPF
2: End stage sarcoidosis

Question 8

Conglomerate masses on a background of fibrosis can arise in?

Answer 8

1: PMF
2: Sarcoidosis
3: Radiotherapy fibrosis

Question 9

Which type of patient is prone to Strep pneumonia?

Answer 9

Occurs in healthy patients but often in

1: elderly
2: alcoholics
3: Immunocompromised
4: sickle cell disease
5: patients who have undergone splenectomy

Question 10

What are the fx of gram negative (eg Pseudomonas, Haemophilus, E.Coli) chest infections?

Answer 10

Key features are:

1: bilateral
2: multifocal
3: lower lobes are most frequently affected.
4: Abscess formation and cavitation are relatively common.
5: Parapneumonic effusion is common and is often complicated by empyema formation.

Question 11

How can Klebsiella be differentiated from a pneumococcal pneumonia?

Answer 11

1) The volume of the involved lobe may be increased by the exuberant
inflammatory exudate, producing a bulging interlobar fissure;
2: An abscess may develop, with cavity formation, which is uncommon in pneumococcal pneumonia;
(3) The incidence of pleural effusion and empyema is higher.