Brant & Helms Cardiac Ques

Question 1

How can cardiomyopathy be classified?

Answer 1

1: dilated - cardiomegaly, ischaemia heart disease
2: hypertrophic - familial ( NF; Noonan) usu norm cxr; Lt Atrial Enlargement due to mitral valve regurgitation
3: restrictive - Sarcoidosis, Amyloid, norm CXR
4; right ventricular forms - aka cor pulmonale

Question 2

Pulmonary outflow tract enlargement can be due to?

Answer 2

1: Lt-Rt shunts
2: Pulmonary artery hypertension e.g. Cor pulmonale.
3: Marfan’s
4: Takayasu
5: Post pulmonary stenotic dilatation

Question 3

High outflow states lead to enlarged pulmonary vessels, but what leads to high outflow states?

Answer 3

1: Congestive heart failure
2: Anaemias
3: Pregnancy
4: Thyrotoxicosis
5: leukaemia

Question 4

What can cause pulmonary artery hypertension?

Answer 4

1: Chronic left heart failure
2: Mitral valve stenosis
3: Cor pulmonale e.g. emphysema, asthma, cystic fibrosis (CF)
4: chronic / repeated pulmonary emboli
5: Vasculitides: RA; PAN
6: Eisenmenger