Branchial Arches Flashcards
Arch 1:
- nerve
- skeletal structures
- ligaments
- muscles
Nerve: V
Skeletal: Malleus and Incus
Ligaments: Anterior ligament of malleus and sphenomandibular ligament
Muscles: Muscles of mastication, tensor tympani, tensor palati, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric
Arch 2:
- nerve
- skeletal structures
- ligaments
- muscles
Nerve: XII
Skeletal: stapes, styloid process, hyoid bone (lesser horn, upper half of body)
Ligament: Stylohyoid ligament
Muscles: muscles of facial expression, stapedius, stylohyoid, posterior belly of digastric
Arch 3:
- nerve
- skeletal structures
- ligaments
- muscles
Nerve: IX
Skeletal: Hyoid bone (greater horn, lower half of body)
Ligaments: none
Muscles: stylopharngeus
Arch 4:
- nerve
- skeletal structures
- ligaments
- muscles
Nerve: X
Skeletal: cartilages of larynx
Ligaments: none
Muscles: All muscles of larynx and pharynx (except stylopharyngeus), all muscles of soft palate (except tensor palati)
Arch 5:
- nerve
- skeletal structures
- ligaments
- muscles
Does not exist
Arch 6:
- nerve
- skeletal structures
- ligaments
- muscles
Nerve: XI
Skeletal: none
Ligament: none
Muscles: sternocleidomastoid, trapezius
Pouch 1:
Forms
Clinical
Forms:
auditory tube and tympanic cavity
Clinical:
First brachial “cleft” cyst - tract linked to external auditory meatus
Pouch 2:
Forms
Clinical
Forms:
Lining (crypts) of palatine tonsils
Clinical:
Second Branchial “cleft” cyst - tract linked to tonsillitis fossa (palatine tonsils)
Pouch 3:
Forms
Clinical
Forms:
Inferior parathyroid gland and thymus
Clinical:
Third Branchial “cleft” cyst - tract at thyrohyoid membrane or piriform recess
Pouch 4:
Forms
Clinical
Forms:
Superior parathyroid gland and C-cells of thyroid
Clinical:
Does not form
Pouch 6:
Forms
Clinical
Forms: none
Clinical: none
Cleft 1:
Forms
Forms:
External auditory meatus
Membrane 1:
Forms
Forms: tympanic membrane
What nerve innervates muscles of mastication?
V
What nerve innervates the mylohyoid?
V
