Branches of Biology Flashcards
What is Biology
study of living things and their vital processes.
all living things share in common certain biological phenomena—give example.
various means of reproduction, cell division, and the transmission of genetic material.
What is the concept of homeostasis
living things maintain a constant internal environment
French physiologist Claude Bernard, who stated that “all the vital mechanisms, varied as they are, have only one object: that of preserving constant the conditions of life.”
Homeostasis, as currently defined, is a self-regulating process by which biological systems maintain stability while adjusting to changing external conditions.
What is evolution
Evolution is the change in heritable traits of biological populations over successive generations.
unity of origin of all living things. explain this concept
According to a theory proposed in 1855 by German pathologist Rudolf Virchow, “all living cells arise from pre-existing living cells.”
What is the basis for organic evolution
In his theory of natural selection, which is discussed in greater detail later, Charles Darwin suggested that “survival of the fittest” was the basis for organic evolution (the change of living things with time).
Evidence to support the theory of evolution has come primarily from?
the fossil record, from comparative studies of structure and function, from studies of embryological development, and from studies of DNA and RNA (ribonucleic acid).
What is diversity in biology?
Biodiversity is all the different kinds of life you’ll find in one area—the variety of animals, plants, fungi, and even microorganisms like bacteria that make up our natural world. Each of these species and organisms work together in ecosystems, like an intricate web, to maintain balance and support life.
It has been suggested that sexual reproduction became the dominant type of reproduction among organisms. Why?
because of its inherent advantage of variability, which is the mechanism that enables a species to adjust to changing conditions.
What does extant animal means?
currently or actually existing
What happens when a species is introduced into a new habitat
it either adapts to the change by natural selection or by some other evolutionary mechanism or eventually dies off. Because each new habitat means new adaptations, habitat changes have been responsible for the millions of different kinds of species and for the heterogeneity within each species.
concept of continuity
Whether an organism is a human or a bacterium, its ability to reproduce is one of the most important characteristics of life. Because life comes only from preexisting life, it is only through reproduction that successive generations can carry on the properties of a species.
Types of biology to study can be mainly divided into ___ parts. List.
divided into three parts. They study different sections of the organism.
Zoology
Botany
Microbiology
What is Botany ?
study of plants organisms and their environment
Botany is divided into how many sections?
TAPGPEPEMH
divided into ten sections.
TAPGPEPEMH
Taxonomy
Anatomy
Pathology
Genetics
Physiology
Ecology
Palaeology
Embryology
Morphology
Histology
What is taxonomy?
the branch of science concerned with classification, especially of organisms
What is Anatomy
Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body of an organism.
What is Pathology
Pathology is the study of disease. It is the bridge between science and medicine.
What is Genetics
Genetics is the scientific study of genes and heredity—of how certain qualities or traits are passed from parents to offspring as a result of changes in DNA sequence.
What is Physiology
Physiology is the study of how the human body works. It describes the chemistry and physics behind basic body functions, from how molecules behave in cells to how systems of organs work together.
What is Ecology
The study of interactions between organisms to one another and to their environment
What is Palaeology
The study of antiquities; the study of the ancient past, especially of human culture and its artefacts
What is Embryology
Embryology is a branch of science that is related to the formation, growth, and development of embryo.
What is Morphology
the study of the size, shape, and structure of animals, plants, and microorganisms and of the relationships of their constituent parts.
What is Histology
Histology is the study of the microanatomy of cells, tissues, and organs as seen through a microscope.
What is Zoology ?
Zoology is the study of the ecology, behavior, and function of various organisms.
The zoologies are divided into ___ sections. List
PIMOEH
The zoologies are divided into six sections.
PIMOEH
Protozoology
Ichthyology
Mammalogy.
Ornithology
Entomology
Herpetology
What is Protozoology
Protozoology is the study of protozoa, the “animal-like” (i.e., motile and heterotrophic) protists. The Protozoa are considered to be a subkingdom of Protista. They are free-living organisms that are found in almost every habitat.
What is Ichthyology
the branch of zoology that deals with fishes.
What is Mammalogy.
mammalogy is the study of mammals
What is Ornithology
a branch of zoology dealing with the study of birds.
What is Entomology
Entomology is the study of insects and their relationship to humans, the environment, and other organisms.
