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Question 1

Question (1 - 300)
A ___________ is used primarily to track the stability of the average value of a metric of interest.
A. NP Chart
B. Xbar-R Chart
C. I-MR Chart
D. C Chart

Answer 1

Answer: B

Question 2

Question (2 - 300)
For her injection molding project a Belt needed to track the percentage of defectives of a particular
sample set so she used a ___________ to display the data?
A. Individual Chart
B. C Chart
C. Xbar Chart
D. P Chart

Answer 2

Answer: D

Question 3

Question (3 - 300)
Which of these graphs demonstrates conditions which would be sufficient to enable OCAP for the
process?
A. Xbar Chart
B. Time Series Chart
C. Neither
D. Both

Answer 3

Answer: A

Question 4

Question (4 - 300)
Control Charts were developed by Dr. Shewhart to track data over time. To detect Special Cause
variation the Control Charts use which of these?
A. Data shift analysis
B. Outlier analysis methods
C. Center Line and Control Limits
D. None of the above

Answer 4

Answer: C

Question 5

Question (5 - 300)
Common and ______________ Cause Variation are the focus of Statistical Process Control.
A. Uncommon
B. Ordinary
C. Special
D. Selective

Answer 5

Answer: C

Question 6

Question (6 - 300)
Special Cause Variation falls into which two categories?
A. Natural & Unnatural
B. Short Term & Long Term
C. Assignable & Pattern
D. Attribute & Discreet

Answer 6

Answer: C

Question 7

Question (7 - 300)
Range Charts are the technique used to determine if Special Causes are occurring within the
subgroups of the ______________.
A. Histograms
B. SPC Charts
C. NP Charts
D. Pareto Charts

Answer 7

Answer: B

Question 8

Question (8 - 300)
If the production is for higher volume and monitoring and the Mean and variability is to be
monitored for four machines producing product and the characteristic to be monitored is Variable
Data, which SPC Chart is best to be selected?
A. Xbar-R Chart
B. Individual-MR Chart
C. NP Chart
D. CUSUM Chart

Answer 8

Answer: A

Question 9

Question (9 - 300)
When a Belt Poka-Yoke’’s a defect out of the process entirely then she should track the activity
with a robust SPC system on the characteristic of interest in the defect as an early warning
system.
A. True
B. False

Answer 9

Answer: B

Question 10

Question (10 - 300)
Following the completion of a LSS project the Belt not only creates a Control Plan he also
develops a _____________ so those involved in the process know what to do when the critical
metrics move out of spec.
A. Response Plan
B. Call List
C. Chain-of-Command
D. Defect Analysis Plan

Answer 10

Answer: A

Question 11

Question (11 - 300)
The Control Limits width varies if the sample size varies for which type of chart?
A. P Charts
B. NP Charts
C. Xbar-R Charts
D. Time Series Charts

Answer 11

Answer: A

Question 12

Question (12 - 300)
Which of these elements are not included in Implementation plans?
A. Work breakdown structure
B. Risk management plans
C. Cost/Benefit ratios
D. Planned audits of work completion

Answer 12

Answer: C

Question 13

Question (13 - 300)
Upon completion and validation of an improvement to a process a Belt and the Project Team
create a Control Plan that contains which of these?
A. Standard operating work description of the process change
B. Description of the monitoring system in place to assure continued compliance
C. Summary of the targeted critical metrics for process performance measurement
D. All of the above

Answer 13

Answer: D

Question 14

Question (14 - 300)
What conclusion is most correct about the Experimental Design shown here with the response in
the far right column?

A. No factor has enough statistical confidence greater than 95% to have an impact on the
response rate
B. Constant, Adv and Bev are the only factors statistically affecting the response rate with 95%
confidence or more
C. If the Adv is increased from the low level to the high level, the response rate increases
D. The response level is statistically concluded to only need the Adv and Bev factors set at the low
level to get the largest response rate
E. This design does not have enough experimental runs to conclude anything as evidenced by the
lack of P-values in the MINITABTM output

Answer 14

Answer: D

Question 15

Question (15 - 300)
Which statement(s) are correct about the Factorial Plot shown here? (Note: There are 3 correct
answers).

A. When the cutting speed increased from low to high level, the tool age increases
B. The coefficient of the metal hardness is positively related to the output of tool age
C. The coded coefficient is lower for cutting speed than the cutting angle related to the output of
tool age
D. These plots prove a statistically significance factor with 95% confidence
E. These plots are an example of interaction plots

Answer 15

Answer: A,B,C

Question 16

Question (16 - 300)
How many experimental runs exist in a Full Factorial and fully randomized design for 4 factors with
2 replicates for the Corner Points and no Center Points? The factors in the experiment are only at
2-levels.
A. 10
B. 32
C. 256
D. 64

Answer 16

Answer: B

Question 17

Question (17 - 300)
If an experiment has 5 factors and no replicates for a 2-level Experimental Design with 16
experimental runs which statement is incorrect?
A. The Experimental Design is half-fractional
B. The Main Effects are confounded with only 4-way interactions
C. The Main Effects for the 5 factors are not aliased or confounded but the 2-way interactions are
confounded with the 3-way interactions
D. The experiment has 8 experimental runs with the first factor at the high level

Answer 17

Answer: C

Question 18

Question (18 - 300)
Which statement(s) are correct about the Pareto Chart shown here for the DOE analysis? (Note:
There are 2 correct answers).

A. It is unknown from this graph how many factors were in the Experimental Design
B. The factors to keep in the mathematical model are E, D, DE, BD and B with an alpha risk equal
to 2.06
C. The effects to keep in the mathematical model are E, D, DE, BD and B with an alpha risk equal
to 0.05
D. The factors to keep in the mathematical model with a 5% alpha risk are BE, AB, A and AD

Answer 18

Answer: A,C

Question 19

Question (19 - 300)
Fractional Factorial, ____________and Response Surface Method are types of planned
experiments.
A. Multi-Vari Analysis
B. Baldridge Channels
C. One Factor at a Time or OFAT
D. Factorial Design

Answer 19

Answer: D

Question 20

Question (20 - 300)
Relative to a Design of Experiments the term ________________ refers to variables being a linear
combination of each other.
A. Mirror Image
B. Directly Parallel
C. Collinear
D. None of the above

Answer 20

Answer: C

Question 21

Question (21 - 300)
Which statement(s) are incorrect about Fractional Factorial Designs?
A. A Half Fractional Design for 5 factors has the same number of experimental runs as a Full
Factorial Design for 4 factors assuming no repeats or replicates or Center Points
B. Quarter Fractional experiments can exist for those with 4 factors
C. Resolution V design is desired while controlling costs of experimentation
D. Half Fractional experiments do not exist for those designs with only 2 factors

Answer 21

Answer: C

Question 22

Question (22 - 300)
If in an experiment all possible variable pairs sum to zero the design is Orthogonal.
A. True
B. False

Answer 22

Answer: A

Question 23

Question (23 - 300)
Which Experimental Design typically is most associated with the fewest number of input variables
or factors in the design?
A. Fractional Factorial design
B. Full Factorial design
C. Simple Linear Regression
D. Response Surface Design

Answer 23

Answer: D

Question 24

Question (24 - 300)
The method of Steepest Ascent guides you toward a target inside the original inference space.
A. True
B. False

Answer 24

Answer: B

Question 25

Question (25 - 300)
Situations where standardized work needs to be incorporated include all of these except
_____________________.
A. Machines continually operating to reduce the labor cost per piece
B. Lack of a system to assure proper inventory levels at repair stations
C. Changeover instructions incomplete
D. Process flow for the same product assembly taking various cycle time for completion

Answer 25

Answer: A

Question 26

Question (26 - 300)
The Lean toolbox includes all of these items except ________________.
A. Mistake Proofing
B. Visual Factory
C. Design of Experiments
D. Inventory Management

Answer 26

Answer: C

Question 27

Question (27 - 300)
Questions that can be best answered by a Visual Factory include all of these except
_____________________.
A. Are downtime issues easily noted?
B. Can extra inventory be seen easily?
C. Are unneeded tools or supplies easily noted?
D. Are setups optimized for lower scrap levels?

Answer 27

Answer: D

Question 28

Question (28 - 300)
If a Six Sigma project was to reduce repair station inventory and the team found the inventory was
creeping up over time which Lean tools should be considered in the Control Phase to reestablish
and sustain the project success?
A. Review the Visual Factory to assure inventory in excess of desired visible
B. Improve the lighting to assure adequate visibility
C. Analyze data from supplier deliveries
D. Reword the standardized work instructions to use active verbs and not passive phrases

Answer 28

Answer: A

Question 29

Question (29 - 300)
When a Belt implements an improvement that is automated thus requiring no particular
understanding for use he has applied which Lean tool?
A. Mistake Proofing
B. Kaizen Event
C. 5S
D. None

Answer 29

Answer: A

Question 30

Question (30 - 300)
Kaizens or Kaikakus and Six Sigma projects are intended to create incremental process
improvements versus breakthrough, significant improvements.
A. True
B. False

Answer 30

Answer: B

Question 31

Question (31 - 300)
Which of these items contribute to what is necessary for successful Kaizen events?
A. Analysis tools
B. Management support
C. Operator support
D. All of these answers are correct

Answer 31

Answer: D

Question 32

Question (32 - 300)
Kanban establishes a means of monitoring production, conveyance and delivery information such
that efficient flow is established. The method used by Kanban is to require a _________ before
anything moves.
A. Sign-off
B. Signal
C. Bell to ring
D. Work order

Answer 32

Answer: B

Question 33

Question (33 - 300)
When a Belt decides to use written procedures and visual controls to improve the consistency of
the tasks that must occur in the process he is improving he has utilized the _________________
activity of 5S.
A. Sustaining
B. Sorting
C. Standardizing
D. Straightening

Answer 33

Answer: C

Question 34

Question (34 - 300)
SPC Charts are used extensively in different business and decision-making environments. In this
example a vendor is being selected based on speed of delivery. Which of the conclusions would
help you pick a vendor for your needs regarding lead-time of delivery from your vendors? (Note:
There are 4 correct answers).

A. Vendor A with a much shorter lead time in delivery
B. Vendor B as it has a better consistency (lower variance) on lead time
C. Vendor B as Vendor A shows a situation out of control as shown in red
D. Vendor B as the Control Limits are much narrower than Vendor A
E. Vendor B with higher lead time, but a process with much narrower Control Limits

Answer 34

Answer: B,C,D,E

Question 35

Question (35 - 300)
Fractional Factorial designs are used to reduce the ____________ because the number of runs
has been lowered.
A. Time and cost of experiments
B. Number of people involved
C. Number of data measurement points
D. Output summary

Answer 35

Answer: A

Question 36

Question (36 - 300)
Fractional Factorial Designs are used to analyze factors to model the output as a function of inputs
if Hypothesis Testing in the Analyze Phase was inadequate to sufficiently narrow the factors that
significantly impact the output(s).
A. True
B. False

Answer 36

Answer: A

Question 37

Question (37 - 300)
A Factorial Experiment based on a Level 2 Design with 6 factors would require 16 runs to fully
assess the interactions.
A. True
B. False

Answer 37

Answer: B

Question 38

Question (38 - 300)
A Full Factorial experiment using a 3 level 3 factor approach has been proposed to test the
viability of an extrusion machine experiment. How many treatment combinations will this approach
involve?
A. 6
B. 9
C. 27
D. 54

Answer 38

Answer: C

Question 39

Question (39 - 300)
Screening experiments are the proper choice when a Belt is faced with the situation of highly
Fractional Factorial Designs.
A. True
B. False

Answer 39

Answer: A

Question 40

Question (40 - 300)
Which statement(s) are correct about the DOE Factorial plot output here? (Note: There are 3
correct answers).

A. Two factors were operated at 3 levels each
B. The highest tool age was achieved with metal hardness at high level while keeping the cutting
speed at the low level
C. The design indicated above is a 32 factorial design
D. The cutting speed and cutting angle are at the low level for the least tool age achieved
E. All factors had 2 levels in the experiment

Answer 40

Answer: B,C,E

Question 41

Question (41 - 300)
Which statement(s) are incorrect for the Regression Analysis shown here? (Note: There are 2
correct answers).

A. The air-fuel ratio explains most of the TurbineOutput variation
B. The Regression explains over 98% of the process variation
C. This Multiple Linear Regression has three statistically significant independent variables
D. If the air-fuel ratio increases by 1, the TurbineOutput more than triples
E. The SteamExitTemp explains the most variation of the TurbineOutput

Answer 41

Answer: D,E

Question 42

Question (42 - 300)
Which statement(s) are most correct for the Regression Analysis shown here?

A. The Regression explains 50.8% of the process variation
B. The air-fuel ratio explains most of the TurbineOutput variation
C. This Simple Linear Regression explains 98+% of the process variation
D. This Multiple Linear Regression has four statistically significant independent variables

Answer 42

Answer: B

Question 43

Question (43 - 300)
A valid mathematical Regression represents all of the characteristics shown except
___________________________.
A. The residuals when plotted follow a Normal Distribution
B. The sum of the residuals is zero
C. All of the standardized residuals will be within ‘‘3 Standard Deviations
D. Most standardized residuals are within ‘‘2 Standard Deviations

Answer 43

Answer: A

Question 44

Question (44 - 300)
When a Belt conducts a Linear Correlation Analysis and finds that as an X increases the Y also
increase then he has proven a ______________ correlation.
A. Negative
B. Positive
C. Monomial
D. Single alignment

Answer 44

Answer: B

Question 45

Question (45 - 300)
A valid Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) is characterized by all of these except
_______________________.
A. It is an assumption that the X’’s (inputs) are not correlated to each other
B. The X’’s (inputs) are assumed to be independent of each other
C. MLR is conducted based on a deliberate form of experimentation
D. The Residuals from MLR analysis have to be Normally Distributed

Answer 45

Answer: C

Question 46

Question (46 - 300)
Which statement is NOT correct about the Fitted Line Plot shown here?

A. The independent variable is the reactant
B. If the reactant was 6 units, with 95 % confidence we would expect a minimum yield of 100 units
C. With at least 95% confidence, we can expect less than 10 units of Yield when the reactant is at
a value of 1
D. A reactant value between 2 and 4 units yields around 20 to 40
E. When the reactant increases, the expected yield would increase

Answer 46

Answer: D

Question 47

Question (47 - 300)
When doing Hypothesis Testing on Non-normal data Belts will use a ________________ to
compare more than two sample proportions to each other.
A. Z score Table
B. Sakami Table
C. Mean-to-Mode Analysis
D. Contingency Table

Answer 47

Answer: C

Question 48

Question (48 - 300)
It would be more likely than not for a Belt conducting a Regression Analysis to find that the
_______________________.
A. r2 value is smaller than the absolute value of r
B. Correlation Coefficient equals r2
C. Coefficient of Determination is less than r2
D. Correlation Coefficient equals r divided by 2

Answer 48

Answer: A

Question 49

Question (49 - 300)
When a Belt properly analyzes the results of an experiment he must examine the Residuals in
expectation of finding all of the following except _________.
A. Some Residuals higher than others
B. Some Residuals lower than others
C. All Residuals within 2 Standard Deviations of the Mean
D. Residuals will represent a Linear Regression

Answer 49

Answer: D

Question 50

Question (50 - 300)
Which statement(s) are correct about the Regression shown here? (Note: There are 2 correct
answers).

A. The dependent variable is the outside temperature
B. The relationship between outside temperature and number of customers per hour is a Linear
Regression
C. The dashed lines indicate with 95% confidence where all of the process data should fall
between
D. The dashed lines indicate with 95% confidence the estimate for the Quadratic Regression Line
E. The predicted number of customers per hour is close to 5 if the outside temperature is 10 deg C

Answer 50

Answer: D,E

Question 51

Question (51 - 300)
Which of these might contribute to similar distributions having Unequal Variance?
A. Extreme tails
B. Outliers
C. Multiple Modes
D. All of the above

Answer 51

Answer: D

Question 52

Question (52 - 300)
A Belt working in a supply chain environment has to make a decision to change suppliers of critical
raw materials for a new product upgrade. The purchasing manager is depending on the Belt’’s
effort requiring that the average cost of an internal critical raw material component be less than or
equal to $4,200 in order to stay within budget. Using a sample of 35 first article components, a
Mean of the new product upgrade price of $4,060, and a Standard Deviation of $98 was
estimated. Select the answer that best states the Practical Problem.
A. If the average cost per component is $4,200 or less, then the purchase manager will introduce
the new product upgrade with new components.
B. If the average cost per component is greater than $4,200, then the purchase manager will
introduce the new product upgrade with new components.
C. Only if the average cost per product upgrade is $4,060, will the purchase manager introduce
new product upgrades with new components.
D. If the average cost per new product upgrade is less than $180, then the purchase manager will
introduce the new product upgrade with new components.

Answer 52

Answer: C

Question 53

Question (53 - 300)
A Belt working in a supply chain environment has to make a decision to change suppliers of critical
raw materials for a new product upgrade. The purchasing manager is depending on the Belt’’s
effort requiring that the average cost of an internal critical raw material component be less than or
equal to $4,200 in order to stay within budget. Using a sample of 35 first article components, a
Mean of the new product upgrade price of $4,060, and a Standard Deviation of $98 was
estimated. The Alternative Hypothesis in the above example is?
A. The Standard Deviation is equal to $300.
B. The Mean is less than $4,320.
C. The Mean is equal to $4,060.
D. The Mean is less than $4,200.
E. The Mean is greater than $ 4,200.

Answer 53

Answer: E

Question 54

Question (54 - 300)
A Belt working in a supply chain environment has to make a decision to change suppliers of critical
raw materials for a new product upgrade. The purchasing manager is depending on the Belt’’s
effort requiring that the average cost of an internal critical raw material component be less than or
equal to $3,600 in order to stay within budget. Using a sample of 42 first article components, a
Mean of the new product upgrade price of $3,200 and a Standard Deviation of $180 was
estimated. Based on the data provided, the Z value for the data assuming a Normal Distribution
is?
A. 1.11
B. 2.22
C. 4.30
D. 5.42

Answer 54

Answer: B

Question 55

Question (55 - 300)
A Belt working in a supply chain environment has to make a decision to change suppliers of critical
raw materials for a new product upgrade. The purchasing manager is depending on the Belt’’s
effort requiring that the average cost of an internal critical raw material component be less than or
equal to $3,800 in order to stay within budget. Using a sample of 38 first article components, a
Mean of the new product upgrade price of $3,680, and a Standard Deviation of $120 was
estimated. In order to increase the Long Term Z value to 5, what is the maximum long term
variation in pricing the Belt can accept for his upgraded critical raw material component?
A. $6
B. $12
C. $24
D. $48

Answer 55

Answer: C

Question 56

Question (56 - 300)
Sally and Sara sell flower pots at their garage sale. Sally motivates Sara mentioning that they will
sell a minimum of 15 pots per day if the outside temperature exceeds 60o F. From a sample,
whose population is assumed to follow a Normal Distribution, taken for 30 days at 60 degrees or
more an average of 13.6 pots per day were sold with a Standard Deviation of 0.7 pots. For the
sales accomplished above, what test would validate if they met their requirements?
A. F Test
B. Test for Equal Variance
C. Chi Square Test
D. One-Sample t-Test

Answer 56

Answer: D

Question 57

Question (57 - 300)
Sally and Sara sell flower pots at their garage sale. Sally motivates Sara mentioning that they will
sell a minimum of 15 pots per day if the outside temperature exceeds 60o F. From a sample,
whose population is assumed to follow a Normal Distribution, taken for 30 days at 60 degrees or
more an average of 13.6 pots per day were sold with a Standard Deviation of 0.7 pots. The
statistical Degrees of Freedom for this example are?
A. 1
B. 29
C. 30
D. 31
E. 2

Answer 57

Answer: B

Question 58

Question (58 - 300)
Sally and Sara sell flower pots at their garage sale. Martha motivates Rose mentioning that they
will sell a minimum of 16 pots per day if the outside temperature exceeds 60o F. From a sample,
whose population is assumed to follow a Normal Distribution, taken for 30 days at 60 degrees or
more an average of 15.2 pots per day were sold with a Standard Deviation of 0.6 pots. What is
the Z value for this sales process?
A. 0.67
B. 1.13
C. 1.33
D. 2.66

Answer 58

Answer: C

Question 59

Question (59 - 300)
The relationship between a response variable and one or more independent variables is
investigated and modeled by use of __________________.
A. X-Y Matrix
B. Baldridge Assessment
C. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
D. Critical X’s Definition

Answer 59

Answer: C

Question 60

Question (60 - 300)
An ANOVA used across many dependent variables could increase the Beta risk.
A. True
B. False

Answer 60

Answer: B

Question 61

Question (61 - 300)
The Mann-Whitney test is a powerful test and is unique to situations from which of the choices
listed? (Note: There are 2 correct answers).
A. Testing the identity of two populations
B. Focuses on equality of the Median of the two populations
C. Less powerful than the traditional ‘‘t-test’’
D. More widely applicable than the traditional ‘‘t-test’’

Answer 61

Answer: B,D

Question 62

Question (62 - 300)
Assessing process proportion as opposed to evaluating a process with respect to a set target can
be done using which of these?
A. Process proportion equals some value range
B. Process proportion equals some desired value
C. Target is current
D. Proportion of the tail is equal

Answer 62

Answer: B

Question 63

Question (63 - 300)
A Non-parametric Test should be used if just one distribution is not Normal out of the two or more
gathered.
A. True
B. False

Answer 63

Answer: A

Question 64

Question (64 - 300)
Contingency Tables are used to test for association, or dependency, between two or more
classifications.
A. True
B. False

Answer 64

Answer: A

Question 65

Question (65 - 300)
For the data shown here which statement(s) are true? (Note: There are 2 correct answers).

A. With 95% confidence, we cannot conclude if the samples are from three Normal Distributions.
B. With greater than 95% confidence, we conclude the samples are from Non-normal
Distributions.
C. If we wanted to compare the Central Tendencies of these three samples we would use the one
way ANOVA test.
D. If we wanted to compare the Central Tendencies of these three samples we could use Mood’’s
Median test.

Answer 65

Answer: B,D

Question 66

Question (66 - 300)
A(n) ______________ is best used to compare a Machine 1 average quality characteristic to the
same quality characteristic of Machine 2.
A. F test
B. 1-Sample t-test
C. 2-Sample t-test
D. ANOVA test

Answer 66

Answer: C

Question 67

Question (67 - 300)
For the data set shown here which of these statements is/are true?

A. Hypothesis Testing of Means or Medians cannot be done since there are an unequal number of
observations for the 3 samples
B. A Paired T-test would be applicable for comparing Grade B and Grade A since they follow each
other in the data set
C. Grade A has the lowest sample Mean of the 3 samples
D. Grade A has a higher sample Mean than Grade B

Answer 67

Answer: C

Question 68

Question (68 - 300)
Review the analysis shown here.

Which statements are true about the process? (Note: There are 3 correct answers).
A. The initial focus for this project would be to determine why the thicknesses are so frequently too
low.
B. The majority of the process is closer to the lower specification limit.
C. This process is described with the Weibull Distribution.
D. The process has more problems with Variation than Centering.
E. The process follows a non-normal distribution with the given data.

Answer 68

Answer: B,D,E

Question 69

Question (69 - 300)
A Lean Six Sigma project is attempting to reduce inventory days. The Process Capability will be
monitored as part of the Control Phase to track the sustainability of the improvement.

Which distribution type is best used for performing the Capability Analysis?
A. Weibull Distribution
B. Normal Distribution
C. Exponential Distribution
D. Logistic Distribution
E. Gaussian Distribution

Answer 69

Answer: A

Question 70

Question (70 - 300)
What conclusion is most correct about the Experimental Design shown here with the response in
the far right column?

A. No factor has enough statistical confidence greater than 95% to have an impact on the
response rate
B. Constant, Adv and Bev are the only factors statistically affecting the response rate with 95%
confidence or more
C. If the Adv is increased from the low level to the high level, the response rate increases
D. The response level is statistically concluded to only need the Adv and Bev factors set at the low
level to get the largest response rate
E. This design does not have enough experimental runs to conclude anything as evidenced by the
lack of P-values in the MINITABTM output

Answer 70

Answer: D

Question 71

Question (71 - 300)
A(n) ________________ has occurred when two inputs have a greater impact on a change in the
output than either of the inputs has by itself.
A. Dependency
B. Bimodal reaction
C. Interaction
D. Amplified effect

Answer 71

Answer: C

Question 72

Question (72 - 300)
When conducting a Hypothesis Test using Continuous Data the proper sample size is influenced
by the extent to which we need to assess a Difference to be detected and the inherent variation in
the process.
A. True
B. False

Answer 72

Answer: A

Question 73

Question (73 - 300)
The validity of the decision made with Hypothesis Testing is dependent upon all of these except
___________________.
A. Beta risk
B. Alpha risk
C. Range of data
D. Sample size

Answer 73

Answer: C

Question 74

Question (74 - 300)
Statistical Difference is the magnitude of difference or change required to distinguish between a
true difference, brought about by change or improvement, and one that could have occurred by
chance.
A. True
B. False

Answer 74

Answer: A

Question 75

Question (75 - 300)
To be an effective Lean Six Sigma practitioner one must understand the difference between
___________________________.
A. ANOVA and the Analysis of Variance
B. Nonparametric tests and tests of Non-normal Data
C. F-test and test of variances of 2 samples
D. Practical and Statistical significance

Answer 75

Answer: D

Question 76

Question (76 - 300)
A Belt is analyzing data and upon creation of the graphical analysis sees multiple modes. One of
the primary reasons this could occur is because the process has experienced a
____________________.
A. Significant change from one shift to another
B. Sizable Measurement System error
C. Catastrophic failure of some sort
D. Any one of these

Answer 76

Answer: D

Question 77

Question (77 - 300)
From the variance F-test shown above, which of these conclusions is/are valid?

A. The variance between the class score distribution is significantly different
B. The variance between the class score distribution is not significantly different
C. This test applies only to Normal Distributed data at 99 % confidence
D. This test applies only to Non-normal Data at 99 % confidence
E. There are not enough data points to make any statistical conclusions

Answer 77

Answer: A

Question 78

Question (78 - 300)
Time is always the metric on the horizontal scale of a(n) ___________ Chart.
A. Pareto
B. Xbar
C. Multi-Vari
D. NP

Answer 78

Answer: C

Question 79

Question (79 - 300)
To properly analyze the variables impacting the output of a process we need to collect data that
represents at least 80% of the variation in the process and assure ourselves we are collecting data
from all three types of variation which are _______________.
A. Within, Between and Temporal
B. Within, Between and Temporary
C. Without, Above and Below
D. Induced, Natural and Unavoidable

Answer 79

Answer: A

Question 80

Question (80 - 300)
When the Inputs, X’’s, for your process are Normally Distributed about the Mean, the Outputs, Y’’s,
will always be Normally Distributed.
A. True
B. False

Answer 80

Answer: B

Question 81

Question (81 - 300)
On a _________________ a Belt screens variables, or various inputs, to analyze their relative
impact on the output of concern.
A. X-Y Matrix
B. Weighted Scale
C. Multi-Vari Chart
D. Poisson Chart

Answer 81

Answer: C

Question 82

Question (82 - 300)
For a Normal Distribution as samples size increases the Range in Mean and Standard Deviation
decrease relative to the Mean and Standard Deviation of the population.
A. True
B. False

Answer 82

Answer: A

Question 83

Question (83 - 300)
Some of the sources for different types of error that can be quantified using Statistical Analysis are
___________________.
A. Error in sampling
B. Bias in sampling
C. Error in measurement
D. All of these answers are correct

Answer 83

Answer: D

Question 84

Question (84 - 300)
Since Normality is required if we intend to use the data collected as a predictive tool. To test for
Normality of data we must determine if the P-value is ___________.
A. Equal to 0.05
B. Less than 0.05
C. Greater than 0.05
D. Greater than 0.5

Answer 84

Answer: C

Question 85

Question (85 - 300)
The Normal Distribution is considered to be the most important distribution in statistics and, among
other things is defined as having a total area under the curve of 1, is mounded and symmetrical
and the Mean, Median and Mode are _____________.
A. All evenly divisible by 3
B. Twice the Standard Deviation
C. Within 10% of each other
D. The same number

Answer 85

Answer: D

Question 86

Question (86 - 300)
Following process modifications, the Null Hypothesis states that no improvement to the process
has occurred. If we discover the Null Hypothesis Test was rejected when it was false that would be
a(n) ________________________.
A. Alpha Error
B. Type I Error
C. Type II Error
D. Type III Error

Answer 86

Answer: C

Question 87

Question (87 - 300)
A statistical test or Hypothesis Test is performed to reject or fail to reject a stated hypothesis and it
converts the Practical Problem into a Statistical Problem.
A. True
B. False

Answer 87

Answer: A

Question 88

Question (88 - 300)
The class score distribution of schools in a metropolitan area is shown here along with an analysis
output. Comment on the statistical significance between the Means of the two distributions. Select
the most appropriate statement.

A. The two class Means are statistically different from each other
B. The two class Means statistically not different from each other
C. Inadequate information on class Means to make any statistical conclusions
D. A visual comparison shows that class Means are not statistically different
E. A visual comparison shows that class Means are statistically different

Answer 88

Answer: A

Question 89

Question (89 - 300)
A ___________ is used primarily to track the stability of the average value of a metric of interest.
A. NP Chart
B. Xbar-R Chart
C. I-MR Chart
D. C Chart

Answer 89

Answer: B

Question 90

Question (90 - 300)
For her injection molding project a Belt needed to track the percentage of defectives of a particular
sample set so she used a ___________ to display the data?
A. Individual Chart
B. C Chart
C. Xbar Chart
D. P Chart

Answer 90

Answer: D

Question 91

Question (91 - 300)
Which of these graphs demonstrates conditions which would be sufficient to enable OCAP for the
process?
A. Xbar Chart
B. Time Series Chart
C. Neither
D. Both

Answer 91

Answer: A

Question 92

Question (92 - 300)
How many experimental runs exist in a Full Factorial and fully randomized design for 5 factors with
2 replicates for the Corner Points and no Center Points? The factors in the experiment are only at
2-levels.
A. 10
B. 128
C. 256
D. 64

Answer 92

Answer: D

Question 93

Question (93 - 300)
If an experiment has 5 factors and no replicates for a 2-level Experimental Design with 16
experimental runs which statement(s) are correct? (Note: There are 3 correct answers).
A. The Main Effects for the 5 factors are not aliased or confounded but the 2-way interactions are
confounded with the 3-way interactions
B. The Main Effects are confounded with only 4-way interactions
C. The Experimental Design is half-fractional
D. The experiment has 8 experimental runs with the first factor at the high level
E. The experiment has only 4 experimental runs with the 5th factor at the high level

Answer 93

Answer: B,C,D

Question 94

Question (94 - 300)
Which statement(s) are correct about the Pareto Chart shown here for the DOE analysis? (Note:
There are 2 correct answers).

A. It is unknown from this graph how many factors were in the Experimental Design
B. The factors to keep in the mathematical model are E, D, DE, BD and B with an alpha risk equal
to 2.06
C. The effects to keep in the mathematical model are E, D, DE, BD and B with an alpha risk equal
to 0.05
D. The factors to keep in the mathematical model with a 5% alpha risk are BE, AB, A and AD

Answer 94

Answer: A,C

Question 95

Question (95 - 300)
With Measurement System Analysis we are concerned with two issues that impact the potential
variability of the data. They are ____________ and Accuracy.
A. Spread
B. Reliability
C. Precision
D. Deflection

Answer 95

Answer: C

Question 96

Question (96 - 300)
An operator is measuring the distance between two points. Which is most likely to be influenced
by the operator?
A. Precision of the measurement
B. Accuracy of the measurement
C. Calibration of the instrument
D. All of these answers are correct

Answer 96

Answer: D

Question 97

Question (97 - 300)
Accuracy can be assessed in several ways and a fairly accurate means of measurement is visual
comparison.
A. True
B. False

Answer 97

Answer: B

Question 98

Question (98 - 300)
Measurement __________ is defined as the difference between the observed and the expected
values for a given set of data.
A. Breadth
B. Linearity
C. Range
D. Bias

Answer 98

Answer: D

Question 99

Question (99 - 300)
Appropriate measures means that measurements are ______________.
A. Representative
B. Sufficient
C. Contextual
D. Relevant
E. All of these answers are correct

Answer 99

Answer: E

Question 100

Question (100 - 300)
A ___________ problem in the Measurement System suggests that there is a lack of consistency
in the measurement over time.
A. Linearity
B. Bias
C. Stability
D. Magnitude

Answer 100

Answer: C

Question 101

Question (101 - 300)
An operator checks that all boxes being packed contain enough products to fill the box. However,
each box getting filled has a different number of products in it. This is a Reproducibility problem,
not a Repeatability problem.
A. True
B. False

Answer 101

Answer: B

Question 102

Question (102 - 300)
In a good Measurement System the most variation will be with part-to-part measurements. What
should you do if the majority of variation is associated with the Gage R&R assuming the gage is
technically capable?
A. Focus on fixing the Repeatability and Reproducibility of the measurement device
B. Purchase a new machine
C. Focus on trimming the Part-to-Part variation
D. Run another MSA test with the machine

Answer 102

Answer: A

Question 103

Question (103 - 300)
What aspects of Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA) studies are applicable when the process
used to measure does not damage the part?
A. Destructive variable gage R&R and Crossed Study
B. Destructive variable gage R&R and Nested Study
C. Nondestructive variable gage R&R and Crossed Study
D. Nondestructive variable gage R&R and Nested Study

Answer 103

Answer: D

Question 104

Question (104 - 300)
Each of the items listed would impact the Process Capability for a process with a continuous
output except ___________________.
A. Shape of process data distribution (e.g. Normal Distribution)
B. Process Technology
C. Process Standard Deviation
D. Seasonal variation in process

Answer 104

Answer: B

Question 105

Question (105 - 300)
For Attribute Data, Process Capability is defined as the average proportion of nonconforming
products.
A. True
B. False

Answer 105

Answer: A

Question 106

Question (106 - 300)
The reported Cpk for a process with an average of 104 units, a spread of 18 units and upper and
lower specification limits of 122 and 96 units would be?
A. 0.5
B. 0.89
C. 1.00
D. 2.00

Answer 106

Answer: B

Question 107

Question (107 - 300)
When we compare short-term and long-term Capability which of these is true?
A. Cp is better for the short term
B. Both short-term and long-term performance are alike
C. Performance tends to improve over time
D. Cp is better for the long-term

Answer 107

Answer: A

Question 108

Question (108 - 300)
What is the Ppk of a process with a spread of 24 units, an average of 68, an upper limit of 82 and
a lower limit of 54?
A. 1.68
B. 2.00
C. 4.00
D. 4.42

Answer 108

Answer: C

Question 109

Question (109 - 300)
Which statements are correct about the advanced Capability Analysis shown here?

(Note: There are 3 correct answers).
A. This is a Poisson Capability Analysis.
B. The average DPU with 95% confidence is between 0.024 and 0.0295.
C. The DPU does not seem to vary depending on sample size.
D. The process shows only one instance of being out of control statistically so we have confidence
in the estimated DPU of this process.
E. The maximum DPU in one observation was nearly 0.0753.

Answer 109

Answer: B,C,E

Question 110

Question (110 - 300)
Relative to a Design of Experiments the term Collinear refers to variables being a
________________ of each other.
A. Linear combination
B. Directly parallel
C. Mirror image
D. None of the above

Answer 110

Answer: A

Question 111

Question (111 - 300)
Which statement(s) are incorrect about Fractional Factorial Designs?
A. A Half Fractional Design for 5 factors has the same number of experimental runs as a Full
Factorial Design for 4 factors assuming no repeats or replicates or Center Points
B. Quarter Fractional experiments can exist for those with 4 factors
C. Resolution V design is desired while controlling costs of experimentation
D. Half Fractional experiments do not exist for those designs with only 2 factors

Answer 111

Answer: C

Question 112

Question (112 - 300)
Fractional Factorial, ____________and Response Surface Method are types of planned
experiments.
A. Multi-Vari Analysis
B. Baldridge Channels
C. One Factor at a Time or OFAT
D. Factorial Design

Answer 112

Answer: D

Question 113

Question (113 - 300)
If in an experiment all possible variable pairs sum to zero the design is Orthogonal.
A. True
B. False

Answer 113

Answer: A

Question 114

Question (114 - 300)
Which Experimental Design typically is most associated with the fewest number of input variables
or factors in the design?
A. Response Surface design
B. Full Factorial design
C. Simple Linear Regression
D. Fractional Factorial design

Answer 114

Answer: A

Question 115

Question (115 - 300)
The method of Steepest Ascent guides you toward a target inside the original inference space.
A. True
B. False

Answer 115

Answer: B

Question 116

Question (116 - 300)
The Lean toolbox includes all of the following items except __________.
A. Poke-Yoke
B. Standard Operating Procedures
C. Kaizen
D. 5S the work area

Answer 116

Answer: B

Question 117

Question (117 - 300)
Questions that can be best answered by a Visual Factory include all of these except
_____________________.
A. Are setups optimized for lower scrap levels?
B. Can extra inventory be seen easily?
C. Can changeover challenges be recognized?
D. Are unneeded tools or supplies easily noted?

Answer 117

Answer: A

Question 118

Question (118 - 300)
Situations where standardized work needs to be incorporated include all of these except
_____________________.
A. Changeover instructions incomplete
B. Lack of a system to assure proper inventory levels at repair stations
C. Machines continually operating to reduce the labor cost per piece
D. Process flow for the same product assembly taking various cycle time for completion

Answer 118

Answer: C

Question 119

Question (119 - 300)
If a Six Sigma project was to reduce changeover times and the team found the project success
was decreasing over time since changeover times began to creep back up, which Lean tools
should be considered in the Control Phase to reestablish and sustain the project success?
A. Improve the lighting to assure adequate visibility
B. Confirm a Visual Factory exists to assure proper communication of status of machines
C. Implement Kanbans to assure enough inventory for the process step
D. Reword the standardized work instructions to use active verbs and not passive phrases

Answer 119

Answer: B

Question 120

Question (120 - 300)
Kaizens or Kaikakus and Six Sigma projects are intended to create breakthrough, significant
process improvement versus minor, incremental improvements.
A. True
B. False

Answer 120

Answer: A

Question 121

Question (121 - 300)
Using this partial Z Table, how many units from a month’’s production run are expected to not
satisfy customer requirements for the following process?
Upper specification limit: 7.2 Lower specification limit: 4.3 Mean of the process: 5.9 Standard
Deviation: 0.65 Monthly production: 450 units
A. 3
B. 7
C. 10
D. 12

Answer 121

Answer: C

Question 122

Question (122 - 300)
Which of these items are not part of what is necessary for successful Kaizens?
A. Good lighting
B. Management support
C. Operator support
D. Analysis tools

Answer 122

Answer: A

Question 123

Question (123 - 300)
When a Belt implements an improvement that is automated thus requiring no particular
understanding for use he has applied which Lean tool?
A. Mistake Proofing
B. Kaizen Event
C. 5S
D. None of the above

Answer 123

Answer: A

Question 124

Question (124 - 300)
Kanban establishes a means of monitoring production, conveyance and delivery information such
that efficient flow is established. The method used by Kanban is to require a _________ before
anything moves.
A. Sign-off
B. Signal
C. Bell to ring
D. Work order

Answer 124

Answer: B

Question 125

Question (125 - 300)
For a Kanban to be successful which of these must occur?
A. Consistent cycle times
B. Fairly stable process demand of product or service
C. Low defect rate of incoming product or service
D. All of the above

Answer 125

Answer: D

Question 126

Question (126 - 300)
SPC Charts are used extensively in different business and decision-making environments. In this
example a vendor is being selected based on speed of delivery. Which of the conclusions would
help you pick a vendor for your needs regarding lead-time of delivery from your vendors? (Note:
There are 4 correct answers).

A. Vendor A with a much shorter lead time in delivery
B. Vendor B as it has a better consistency (lower variance) on lead time
C. Vendor B since Vendor A shows a situation out of control as shown in red
D. Vendor B since the Control Limits are much narrower than Vendor A
E. Vendor B has higher lead time, but a process with much narrower Control Limits

Answer 126

Answer: B,C,D,E

Question 127

Question (127 - 300)
Common and Special Cause ______________ are the focus of Statistical Process Control.
A. Prediction
B. Ideation
C. Capability
D. Variation

Answer 127

Answer: D

Question 128

Question (128 - 300)
Special Cause Variation falls into which two categories? (Note: There are 2 correct answers).
A. Natural
B. Short term
C. Assignable
D. Pattern

Answer 128

Answer: C,D

Question 129

Question (129 - 300)
Control Charts were developed by Dr. Shewhart to track data over time. To detect Special Cause
variation the Control Charts use which of these?
A. Data shift analysis
B. Outlier analysis methods
C. Center Line and Control Limits
D. None of the above

Answer 129

Answer: C

Question 130

Question (130 - 300)
If the production is for higher volume and monitoring and the Mean and variability is to be
monitored for four machines producing product and the characteristic to be monitored is Variable
Data, which SPC Chart is best to be selected?
A. Xbar-R Chart
B. Individual-MR Chart
C. NP Chart
D. CUSUM Chart

Answer 130

Answer: A

Question 131

Question (131 - 300)
If you can Poka-Yoke a defect out of the process entirely then you do not need use SPC on the
characteristic of interest in the defect.
A. True
B. False

Answer 131

Answer: A

Question 132

Question (132 - 300)
Range Charts are the technique used to determine if ______________ are occurring within the
subgroups of the SPC Charts.
A. Common Causes
B. Special inspections
C. Unnatural forces
D. Special Causes

Answer 132

Answer: D

Question 133

Question (133 - 300)
If a process has subgroups for Variable data and the process runs for a long period of time, then
the best pair of SPC Charts to use would be an Xbar and _________.
A. NP Chart
B. Individuals Chart
C. R Chart
D. C Chart

Answer 133

Answer: C

Question 134

Question (134 - 300)
The Control Limits width varies if the sample size varies for which type of chart?
A. P Charts
B. NP Charts
C. Xbar-R Charts
D. Time Series Charts

Answer 134

Answer: A

Question 135

Question (135 - 300)
Which of these elements are not included in Implementation plans?
A. Work breakdown structure
B. Cost/Benefit ratios
C. Risk management plans
D. Planned audits of work completion

Answer 135

Answer: B

Question 136

Question (136 - 300)
Following the completion of a LSS project the Belt not only creates a Control Plan he also
develops a _____________ so those involved in the process know what to do when the critical
metrics move out of spec.
A. Response Plan
B. Call List
C. Chain-of-Command
D. Defect Analysis Plan

Answer 136

Answer: A

Question 137

Question (137 - 300)
Six Sigma is a business improvement discipline whose fundamental view is based on a
_________ oriented approach of the business.
A. Profit
B. Performance
C. Process
D. Predatory

Answer 137

Answer: B

Question 138

Question (138 - 300)
Much of the Six Sigma methodology is used to identify and remove causes for _____________ .
A. Process Variation
B. Material Costs
C. Excess Inventory
D. Lost Sales

Answer 138

Answer: A

Question 139

Question (139 - 300)
When variation is removed from the output of a process then the process customer can have more
confidence in the experience that results from the process.
A. True
B. False

Answer 139

Answer: A

Question 140

Question (140 - 300)
The distance between the Mean of a data set and the Point of Inflection on a Normal curve is
called the _______________.
A. Curve Spread
B. Standard Deviation
C. Numerical Average
D. Data Breadth

Answer 140

Answer: B

Question 141

Question (141 - 300)
One of the foundations of Lean Six Sigma is the concept that the output of a process (Y) is
influenced by the process inputs (X’’s) and is commonly shown as which formula?
A. Y = Z(X2)
B. Y = f(X3)
C. Y = f(Xn)
D. Y = g(X+ 1.5)

Answer 141

Answer: C

Question 142

Question (142 - 300)
When we gather information for the Voice of the Business we are primarily interested in
information concerning the _____________ of the business.
A. Advertising budget
B. Market share
C. Profitability
D. Ownership

Answer 142

Answer: C

Question 143

Question (143 - 300)
When a Belt creates a Process Map she will use a __________________ to depict a decision
point requiring a Yes or No decision.
A. Circle
B. Square
C. Diamond
D. Rectangle

Answer 143

Answer: C

Question 144

Question (144 - 300)
A Belt has determined that the inventory of repair parts at a rework station can be reduced by
45%. According to Cost of Poor Quality (COPQ) definitions inventory reduction would be
considered _______________.
A. Soft Savings
B. COPQ efficiency
C. Median Savings
D. Hard Savings

Answer 144

Answer: D

Question 145

Question (145 - 300)
Customers make their decisions based on Features, Integrity (of the seller) Delivery and
___________?
A. Color
B. Expense
C. Season
D. None

Answer 145

Answer: B

Question 146

Question (146 - 300)
The Hardware Store ordered ten lawn mower from the manufacturer and just before shipping the
manufacturer found one to have a motor that wouldn’‘t start. For the manufacturer this would be
categorized as what type of cost?
A. Internal Failure Costs
B. External Failure Costs
C. Prevention Costs
D. Appraisal Costs

Answer 146

Answer: A

Question 147

Question (147 - 300)
Cost of Poor Quality (COPQ) can be classified as Visible Costs and Hidden Costs. All these items
are Hidden Cost except __________________.
A. Lost Customer Loyalty
B. Returns
C. Time Value of Money
D. Late Delivery

Answer 147

Answer: B

Question 148

Question (148 - 300)
Which of these are examples of business metrics or Key Performance Indicators commonly
referred to as KPI’’s?
A. Cycle Time
B. Defects
C. No. of Units Reworked
D. Labor Hours
E. All of these answers are correct

Answer 148

Answer: E

Question 149

Question (149 - 300)
When one speaks of 20% of something contributing 80% of the affect they are referring to what is
known as the _________________.
A. Shewhart Example
B. Pareto Principle
C. Balance Equation
D. Connection Principle

Answer 149

Answer: B

Question 150

Question (150 - 300)
Using this data calculate the percentage of DPU.
A. 2.74
B. 3.23
C. 4.56
D. 5.93

Answer 150

Answer: B

Question 151

Question (151 - 300)
As a means of measuring the effects on other areas of a process as a result of changes in the
primary metric we also define and track ________________.
A. Parallel process metrics
B. Secondary metrics
C. Tertiary metrics
D. Industry standards

Answer 151

Answer: B

Question 152

Question (152 - 300)
Calculate the Rolled Throughput Yield of this process using this data.
DatA. unit input: 1450, unit output: 1390, defects repaireD. 320, scrap: 60
A. 71.33%
B. 72.66%
C. 73.79%
D. 77.93%

Answer 152

Answer: B

Question 153

Question (153 - 300)
‘‘A calculated time frame that matches customer demand’’ is a definition of what Lean Principles
term?
A. Value Stream
B. Kaizen event
C. Takt time
D. Kanban

Answer 153

Answer: C

Question 154

Question (154 - 300)
What dollar amount of savings would a project show if it reduced your outstanding Accounts
Receivable by $1.4 million dollars to $5.3 million total and your organization’’s marginal cost of
capital was 6.2%?
A. $43,400
B. $86,800
C. $117,500
D. $328,600

Answer 154

Answer: B

Question 155

Question (155 - 300)
Which Element of Waste best describes “the unnecessary movement of materials and goods”?
A. Overprocessing
B. Inventory
C. Motion
D. Conveyance

Answer 155

Answer: D

Question 156

Question (156 - 300)
A Belt rearranged the location of the parts inventory for a rework station locating the most often
used parts to be within hand reach of the repair person. This rearrangement resulted in quicker
repair times by eliminating one of seven major elements of waste which is the Waste of
__________.
A. Motion
B. Conveyance
C. Inventory
D. Waiting

Answer 156

Answer: A

Question 157

Question (157 - 300)
The Japanese born function of a Kanban event utilizes a specific, step-by-step approach meant to
bring about major changes to a process.
A. True
B. False

Answer 157

Answer: B

Question 158

Question (158 - 300)
The primary objective in removal of waste is to improve the Order Production Cycle where the time
from _________________ to the time of receipt of payment is compressed.
A. Shift start
B. Product development
C. Receipt of an order
D. New fiscal year

Answer 158

Answer: C

Question 159

Question (159 - 300)
Handling of warranty returns, process improvement team meetings and rework to meet customer
expectations are all examples of business costs that are classified as ________________ .
A. Nuisance
B. Non-value Add
C. Necessary
D. Unavoidable

Answer 159

Answer: B

Question 160

Question (160 - 300)
At the very initiation of a project a Belt must develop a concise _______________ that states at a
high level the area of concern and why it is important this issue be improved.
A. Business Case
B. Project Doctrine
C. Management Justification
D. Process Owner Disclosure

Answer 160

Answer: C

Question 161

Question (161 - 300)
The English words used for the 5S’’s are Sorting, Straightening, _____________ , __________
and Sustaining. (Note: There are 2 correct answers).
A. Shaping
B. Shining
C. Standardizing
D. Signing

Answer 161

Answer: B,C

Question 162

Question (162 - 300)
An example of the waste of mismanaged Inventory is __________.
A. Capital costs of money
B. Value decrease from aged inventory
C. Cost of storage space
D. All of these answers are correct

Answer 162

Answer: D

Question 163

Question (163 - 300)
In a Fishbone Diagram the 6M’’s stand for Methods, ____________, Machine, Man, Mother Nature
and Materials.
A. Measurements
B. Merger
C. Management
D. Medical

Answer 163

Answer: A

Question 164

Question (164 - 300)
The most appropriate type of FMEA for a product before going into manufacturing is a
___________ FMEA.
A. Design
B. Consumer
C. Survey
D. Test Process

Answer 164

Answer: A

Question 165

Question (165 - 300)
Which one of the listed tools is frequently used to help drill down to possible causes once a
Fishbone Diagram is constructed?
A. 3 When Analysis
B. Skeleton Diagnostic
C. Ishikawa Diagram
D. 5 Why Analysis

Answer 165

Answer: D

Question 166

Question (166 - 300)
One of the primary deliverables from performing a SIPOC is to begin to understand which inputs
have the greatest affect on the ______________ outputs.
A. Management’’s desired
B. Supplier delivered
C. Process operator
D. Customer most valued

Answer 166

Answer: D

Question 167

Question (167 - 300)
Two of the key deliverables for the Measure Phase are a robust description of the process and its
flow and an assessment of the Management System.
A. True
B. False

Answer 167

Answer: B

Question 168

Question (168 - 300)
A valuable tool to use during the Measure Phase to show material and information flow throughout
an entire process is the ______________ .
A. Value Stream Map
B. FMEA
C. Pareto Chart
D. Standard Operating Procedure

Answer 168

Answer: A

Question 169

Question (169 - 300)
Which of the items listed do not define what an X-Y Diagram is?
A. Created for every project
B. Based on team’s collective opinions
C. Updated whenever a parameter is changed
D. Used to show each step in a process
E. A living document throughout project lifecycle

Answer 169

Answer: D

Question 170

Question (170 - 300)
The two types of data that are to be used in Statistical Analysis are Attribute and Variance.
A. True
B. False

Answer 170

Answer: B

Question 171

Question (171 - 300)
Early in a project a Belt will want to begin to identify and evaluate risk factors for the subject
process and will therefore begin building a(n) ______________.
A. SIPOC
B. FMEA
C. Business Case
D. Team charter

Answer 171

Answer: B

Question 172

Question (172 - 300)
Data that can be measured on a continuum and has meaningful decimal subdivisions are
__________ data.
A. Continuous
B. Surplus
C. Discrete
D. Variable

Answer 172

Answer: A

Question 173

Question (173 - 300)
Of the various types of data shown which is NOT representative of Variable Data.
A. Child’’s height is 4 foot 3 inches
B. Three employees wore hard hats
C. Car burned 2.7 gallons of gasoline
D. Train was going 140 kilometers per hour

Answer 173

Answer: B

Question 174

Question (174 - 300)
All the data points that represent the total set of information of interest is called the
________________ .
A. Population
B. Sample
C. Frame
D. Spread

Answer 174

Answer: A

Question 175

Question (175 - 300)
A fundamental rule is that both Standard Deviation and Variance can be added.
A. True
B. False

Answer 175

Answer: B

Question 176

Question (176 - 300)
One of the methods of testing a Measurement System is to have at least two people take multiple
readings from the same instrument and of the same sample set to judge the Repeatability and
Reproducibly. This approach is called a ______________ study.
A. Correlation Analysis
B. Gage R & R
C. Bimodal
D. Dual Attribute

Answer 176

Answer: B

Question 177

Question (177 - 300)
A natural logarithmic base is not required for which of these distributions for probability
calculations?
A. Weibull
B. Binomial
C. Poisson
D. Normal

Answer 177

Answer: D

Question 178

Question (178 - 300)
Production Line 1 is able to complete 500 units per shift. Production Line 2 is able to finish 1,500
units per shift. Production Line 2 is 3 times faster than Production Line 1. This analysis is an
example of ______________ Scale Data.
A. Nominal
B. Ratio
C. Ordinal
D. Interval

Answer 178

Answer: B

Question 179

Question (179 - 300)
A dock worker for a feed supplier was tasked with assuring the proper weight in the feed bags as
they left the dock. One of the columns listed the range of weight of the bags included in the
studies. This required plotting a Histogram of the weight of the bags. While drawing the
Histogram the x-axis contained a certain scale of data. Pick the scale of data that is appropriate
for Histograms.
A. Ordinal Scale Data
B. Interval Scale Data
C. Nominal Scale Data
D. Ration Scale Data

Answer 179

Answer: B

Question 180

Question (180 - 300)
The _______ is the most frequently occurring value in a distribution of data.
A. Median
B. Mean
C. Center Point
D. Mode

Answer 180

Answer: D

Question 181

Question (181 - 300)
Use this data to calculate the Z Score. Average of: 92, Standard Deviation: 2, Upper Spec Limit:
101
A. 0.75
B. 1.5
C. 2.25
D. 4.50

Answer 181

Answer: D

Question 182

Question (182 - 300)
If a Belt needed to model the data for the number of weaves in section of carpet fabric she would
use the _____________ Distribution approach.
A. Poisson
B. Extended
C. Exponential
D. Weibull

Answer 182

Answer: A

Question 183

Question (183 - 300)
When analyzing the behavior of our process to assess customer satisfaction we are concerned
about both the variation such that it stays within the spec limits and how well the Mean is
__________________ the process requirements.
A. Balanced against
B. Over and above
C. Twice as great as
D. Centered relative to

Answer 183

Answer: D

Question 184

Question (184 - 300)
Using this partial Z Table, how many units from a month’’s production run are expected to not
satisfy customer requirements for the following process?
Upper specification limit: 8.4 Lower specification limit: 4.7 Mean of the process: 6.2 Standard
Deviation: 2.2 Monthly production: 360 units
A. 8
B. 13
C. 28
D. 57

Answer 184

Answer: D

Question 185

Question (185 - 300)
A Full Factorial experiment using a 2 level 4 factor approach has been proposed to test the
viability of an extrusion machine experiment. How many treatment combinations will this approach
involve?
A. 8
B. 16
C. 32
D. 64

Answer 185

Answer: B

Question 186

Question (186 - 300)
Which statement(s) are correct about the Factorial Plot shown here? (Note: There are 3 correct
answers).

A. When the cutting speed increased from low to high level, the tool age increases
B. The coefficient of the metal hardness is positively related to the output of tool age
C. The coded coefficient is lower for cutting speed than the cutting angle related to the output of
tool age
D. These plots prove a statistically significance factor with 95% confidence
E. These plots are an example of interaction plots

Answer 186

Answer: A,B,C

Question 187

Question (187 - 300)
Which statement(s) are incorrect for the Regression Analysis shown here? (Note: There are 2
correct answers).

A. The air-fuel ratio explains most of the TurbineOutput variation
B. The Regression explains over 98% of the process variation
C. This Multiple Linear Regression has three statistically significant independent variables
D. If the air-fuel ratio increases by 1, the TurbineOutput more than triples
E. The SteamExitTemp explains the most variation of the TurbineOutput

Answer 187

Answer: D,E

Question 188

Question (188 - 300)
Fractional Factorial Designs are used to analyze factors to model the output as a function of inputs
if Hypothesis Testing in the Analyze Phase was inadequate to sufficiently narrow the factors that
significantly impact the output(s).
A. True
B. False

Answer 188

Answer: A

Question 189

Question (189 - 300)
Fractional Factorial designs are used to reduce the time and cost of experiments because the
____________ has been lowered.
A. Number of data measurement points
B. Number of runs
C. People involved
D. Output summary

Answer 189

Answer: B

Question 190

Question (190 - 300)
A Factorial Experiment based on a Level 2 Design with 4 factors would require 16 runs to fully
assess the interactions.
A. True
B. False

Answer 190

Answer: A

Question 191

Question (191 - 300)
Screening experiments are the proper choice when a Belt is faced with the situation of highly
Fractional Factorial Designs.
A. True
B. False

Answer 191

Answer: A

Question 192

Question (192 - 300)
Which statement(s) are correct about the DOE Factorial plot output here? (Note: There are 3
correct answers).

A. Two factors were operated at 3 levels each
B. The highest tool age was achieved with metal hardness at high level while keeping the cutting
speed at the low level
C. The design indicated above is a 32 factorial design
D. The cutting speed and cutting angle are at the low level for the least tool age achieved
E. All factors had 2 levels in the experiment

Answer 192

Answer: B,C,E

Question 193

Question (193 - 300)
Which statement is most correct for the Regression Analysis shown here?

A. The Regression explains 50.8% of the process variation
B. The air-fuel ratio explains most of the TurbineOutput variation
C. This Simple Linear Regression explains 98+% of the process variation
D. This Multiple Linear Regression has four statistically significant independent variables

Answer 193

Answer: B

Question 194

Question (194 - 300)
A(n) ______________ is best used to compare a Machine 1 average quality characteristic to the
same quality characteristic of Machine 2.
A. 1-Sample t-test
B. 2-Sample t-test
C. F test
D. ANOVA test

Answer 194

Answer: B

Question 195

Question (195 - 300)
For the data set shown here which of these statements is/are true?

A. Hypothesis Testing of Means or Medians cannot be done since there are an unequal number of
observations for the 3 samples
B. A Paired T-test would be applicable for comparing Grade B and Grade A since they follow each
other in the data set
C. Grade A has the lowest sample Mean of the 3 samples
D. Grade A has a higher sample Mean than Grade B

Answer 195

Answer: C

Question 196

Question (196 - 300)
When a Belt properly analyzes the results of an experiment he must examine the Residuals in
expectation of finding all of the following except _________.
A. Some Residuals higher than others
B. Residuals will represent a Linear Regression
C. All Residuals within 2 Standard Deviations of the Mean
D. Some Residuals lower than others

Answer 196

Answer: B

Question 197

Question (197 - 300)
Choose those characteristics of a Simple Linear Regression (SLR) Analysis that are applicable.
(Note: There are 3 correct answers).
A. The Correlation Coefficient is always greater than the Regression Coefficient in a SLR
B. General Regression Analysis deals only with Continuous Data
C. Non-linear Regressions can explain curvature when with more statistical confidence than Linear
Regressions
D. SLR can help quantify the significance of variation in X that influences the variation in Y via a
mathematical equation
E. A Correlation does not explain causation but a Regression Analysis with a statistically valid
mathematical equation does explain causation

Answer 197

Answer: A,D,E

Question 198

Question (198 - 300)
A valid Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) is characterized by all of these except?
A. It is an assumption that the X’’s (inputs) are not correlated to each other
B. The X’’s (inputs) are assumed to be independent of each other
C. The Residuals from MLR analysis have to be Normally Distributed
D. MLR is conducted based on a deliberate form of experimentation
E. It is not possible to evaluate interactions in a MLR analysis

Answer 198

Answer: D

Question 199

Question (199 - 300)
Which statement is NOT correct about the Fitted Line Plot shown here?

A. The independent variable is the reactant
B. If the reactant was 10 units, with 95% confidence we would expect a minimum yield of 148 units
C. With at least 95% confidence, we can expect less than 10 units of Yield when the reactant is at
a value of 1
D. A reactant value between 6 and 8 units yields around 40 to 60
E. When the reactant increases, the expected yield would increase

Answer 199

Answer: D

Question 200

Question (200 - 300)
The calculation of Column Total times Row Total divided by Grand Total yields expected values
from what type of chart?
A. Pareto Chart
B. Sakami Table
C. Contingency Table
D. None

Answer 200

Answer: C

Question 201

Question (201 - 300)
Contingency Tables are used to test for association, or dependency, between two or more
classifications.
A. True
B. False

Answer 201

Answer: A

Question 202

Question (202 - 300)
It would be more likely than not for a Belt conducting a Regression Analysis to find that the
_______________________.
A. r2 value is smaller than the absolute value of r
B. Correlation Coefficient equals r2
C. Coefficient of Determination is less than r2
D. Correlation Coefficient equals r divided by 2

Answer 202

Answer: A

Question 203

Question (203 - 300)
A valid mathematical Regression represents all of the characteristics shown except
_________________.
A. All of the standardized residuals will be within ‘‘3 Standard Deviations
B. The sum of the residuals is zero
C. The residuals when plotted follow a Normal Distribution
D. Most standardized residuals are within ‘‘2 Standard Deviations
E. The Residual is equal to the difference between the observed and predicted values

Answer 203

Answer: A

Question 204

Question (204 - 300)
Which statement(s) are correct about the Regression shown here? (Note: There are 2 correct
answers).

A. The dependent variable is the outside temperature
B. The relationship between outside temperature and number of customers per hour is a Linear
Regression
C. The dashed lines indicate with 95% confidence where all of the process data should fall
between
D. The dashed lines indicate with 95% confidence the estimate for the Quadratic Regression Line
E. The predicted number of customers per hour is close to 5 if the outside temperature is 10 deg C

Answer 204

Answer: D,E

Question 205

Question (205 - 300)
Review the analysis shown here. Which statements are true about the process? (Note: There are
3 correct answers).

A. The initial focus for this project would be to determine why the thicknesses are so frequently too
low
B. The majority of the process is closer to the lower specification limit
C. This process is described with the Weibull Distribution
D. The process has more problems with Variation than Centering
E. The process follows a non-normal distribution with the given data

Answer 205

Answer: B,D,E

Question 206

Question (206 - 300)
A Lean Six Sigma project is attempting to reduce inventory days. The Process Capability will be
monitored as part of the Control Phase to track the sustainability of the improvement.

Which distribution type is best used for performing the Capability Analysis?
A. Weibull Distribution
B. Normal Distribution
C. Exponential Distribution
D. Logistic Distribution
E. Gaussian Distribution

Answer 206

Answer: A

Question 207

Question (207 - 300)
Which of these might contribute to similar distributions having Unequal Variance?
A. Extreme tails
B. Outliers
C. Multiple Modes
D. All of the above

Answer 207

Answer: D

Question 208

Question (208 - 300)
A Belt working in a supply chain environment has to make a decision to change suppliers of critical
raw materials for a new product upgrade. The purchasing manager is depending on the Belt’’s
effort requiring that the average cost of an internal critical raw material component be less than or
equal to $4,200 in order to stay within budget. Using a sample of 35 first article components, a
Mean of the new product upgrade price of $4,060, and a Standard Deviation of $98 was
estimated. Select the answer that best states the Practical Problem.
A. If the average cost per component is $4,200 or less, then the purchase manager will introduce
the new product upgrade with new components
B. If the average cost per component is greater than $4,200, then the purchase manager will
introduce the new product upgrade with new components
C. Only if the average cost per product upgrade is $4,060, will the purchase manager introduce
new product upgrades with new components
D. If the average cost per new product upgrade is less than $180, then the purchase manager will
introduce the new product upgrade with new components

Answer 208

Answer: C

Question 209

Question (209 - 300)
A Belt working in a supply chain environment has to make a decision to change suppliers of critical
raw materials for a new product upgrade. The purchasing manager is depending on the Belt’’s
effort requiring that the average cost of an internal critical raw material component be less than or
equal to $4,200 in order to stay within budget. Using a sample of 35 first article components, a
Mean of the new product upgrade price of $4,060, and a Standard Deviation of $98 was
estimated. The Alternative Hypothesis in the above example is?
A. The Standard Deviation is equal to $300
B. The Mean is less than $4,320
C. The Mean is equal to $4,060
D. The Mean is less than $4,200
E. The Mean is greater than $ 4,200

Answer 209

Answer: E

Question 210

Question (210 - 300)
A Belt working in a supply chain environment has to make a decision to change suppliers of critical
raw materials for a new product upgrade. The purchasing manager is depending on the Belt’’s
effort requiring that the average cost of an internal critical raw material component be less than or
equal to $2,800 in order to stay within budget. Using a sample of 55 first article components, a
Mean of the new product upgrade price of $2,240 and a Standard Deviation of $120 was
estimated. Based on the data provided, the Z value for the data assuming a Normal Distribution
is?
A. 2.33
B. 4.67
C. 6.48
D. 8.28

Answer 210

Answer: B

Question 211

Question (211 - 300)
A Belt working in a supply chain environment has to make a decision to change suppliers of critical
raw materials for a new product upgrade. The purchasing manager is depending on the Belt’’s
effort requiring that the average cost of an internal critical raw material component be less than or
equal to $4,200 in order to stay within budget. Using a sample of 35 first article components, a
Mean of the new product upgrade price of $4,060, and a Standard Deviation of $98 was
estimated. In order to increase the Long Term Z value to 4, what is the maximum long term
variation in pricing the Belt can accept for his upgraded critical raw material component?
A. $20
B. $35
C. $70
D. $110

Answer 211

Answer: B

Question 212

Question (212 - 300)
Sally and Sara sell flower pots at their garage sale. Sally motivates Sara mentioning that they will
sell a minimum of 15 pots per day if the outside temperature exceeds 60o F. From a sample,
whose population is assumed to follow a Normal Distribution, taken for 30 days at 60 degrees or
more an average of 13.6 pots per day were sold with a Standard Deviation of 0.7 pots. For the
sales accomplished above, what test would validate if they met their requirements?
A. F Test
B. Test for Equal Variance
C. Chi Square Test
D. One-Sample t-Test

Answer 212

Answer: D

Question 213

Question (213 - 300)
Sally and Sara sell flower pots at their garage sale. Sally motivates Sara mentioning that they will
sell a minimum of 15 pots per day if the outside temperature exceeds 60o F. From a sample,
whose population is assumed to follow a Normal Distribution, taken for 30 days at 60 degrees or
more an average of 13.6 pots per day were sold with a Standard Deviation of 0.7 pots. The
statistical Degrees of Freedom for this example are?
A. 1
B. 29
C. 30
D. 31
E. 2

Answer 213

Answer: B

Question 214

Question (214 - 300)
Sally and Sara sell flower pots at their garage sale. Sally motivates Sara mentioning that they will
sell a minimum of 22 pots per day if the outside temperature exceeds 60o F. From a sample,
whose population is assumed to follow a Normal Distribution, taken for 30 days at 60 degrees or
more an average of 18.2 pots per day were sold with a Standard Deviation of 0.9 pots. What is
the Z value for this sales process?
A. 1.23
B. 1.62
C. 2.11
D. 4.22

Answer 214

Answer: D

Question 215

Question (215 - 300)
The relationship between a response variable and one or more independent variables is
investigated and modeled by use of which of these?
A. X-Y Matrix
B. Baldridge Assessment
C. Critical X’s Definition
D. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

Answer 215

Answer: D

Question 216

Question (216 - 300)
An ANOVA used across many dependent variables could increase the Beta risk.
A. True
B. False

Answer 216

Answer: B

Question 217

Question (217 - 300)
A Non-parametric Test should be used if just one distribution is not Normal out of the two or more
gathered.
A. True
B. False

Answer 217

Answer: A

Question 218

Question (218 - 300)
The Mann-Whitney test is a powerful test and is unique to situations from which of the choices
listed? (Note: There are 2 correct answers).
A. Testing the identity of two populations
B. Focuses on equality of the Median of the two populations
C. Less powerful than the traditional ‘‘t-test’’
D. More widely applicable than the traditional ‘‘t-test’’

Answer 218

Answer: B,D

Question 219

Question (219 - 300)
Assessing process proportion as opposed to evaluating a process with respect to a set target can
be done using one or more of these. (Note: There are 2 correct answers).
A. Process proportion equals some desired value
B. Process proportion equals some value range
C. Target is current
D. When we deal with Attribute type data
E. Proportion of the tail is equal

Answer 219

Answer: A,D

Question 220

Question (220 - 300)
For the data shown here which statement(s) are true? (Note: There are 2 correct answers).

A. With 95% confidence, we cannot conclude if the samples are from three Normal Distributions
B. With greater than 95% confidence, we conclude the samples are from Non-normal Distributions
C. If we wanted to compare the Central Tendencies of these three samples we would use the one
way ANOVA test
D. If we wanted to compare the Central Tendencies of these three samples we could use Mood’’s
Median test
E. If we wanted to compare the Central Tendencies of all three samples we could use the Mann-
Whitney test

Answer 220

Answer: B,D

Question 221

Question (221 - 300)
Following process modifications, the Null Hypothesis states that no improvement to the process
has occurred. If we discover the Null Hypothesis Test was rejected when it was false that would be
a(n) _______________.
A. Type I Error
B. Type II Error
C. Type III Error
D. Alpha Error

Answer 221

Answer: B

Question 222

Question (222 - 300)
If the results from a Hypothesis Test are located in the “Region of Doubt” area, what can be
concluded?
A. Rejection of the Alpha
B. We fail to reject the Null Hypothesis
C. The test was conducted improperly
D. We reject the Null Hypothesis

Answer 222

Answer: D

Question 223

Question (223 - 300)
When conducting a Hypothesis Test using Continuous Data the proper sample size is influenced
only by the extent to which we need to assess a Difference to be detected but not the inherent
variation in the process.
A. True
B. False

Answer 223

Answer: B

Question 224

Question (224 - 300)
Statistical Difference is the magnitude of difference or change required to distinguish between a
true difference, brought about by change or improvement, and one that could have occurred by
chance.
A. True
B. False

Answer 224

Answer: A

Question 225

Question (225 - 300)
To be an effective Lean Six Sigma practitioner one must understand the difference between
___________________________.
A. ANOVA and the Analysis of Variance
B. Nonparametric tests and tests of Non-normal Data
C. Practical and Statistical significance
D. F-test and test of variances of 2 samples

Answer 225

Answer: C

Question 226

Question (226 - 300)
The validity of the decision made with Hypothesis Testing is dependent upon all of the following
except ______________________.
A. Beta risk
B. Range of data
C. Alpha risk
D. Sample size

Answer 226

Answer: B

Question 227

Question (227 - 300)
To establish a sample size that will allow the proper overlap of distributions we do which of these?
A. Multiply Alpha by 1.75
B. Calculate one minus Beta
C. Calculate Beta plus 2
D. Multiply Beta by 3

Answer 227

Answer: B

Question 228

Question (228 - 300)
From the variance F-test shown above, which of these conclusions is/are valid?

A. The variance between the class score distribution is not significantly different
B. This test applies only to Normal Distributed data at 99 % confidence
C. The variance between the class score distribution is significantly different
D. There are not enough data points to make any statistical conclusions

Answer 228

Answer: C

Question 229

Question (229 - 300)
Time is always the metric on the horizontal scale of a(n) ___________ Chart.
A. Pareto
B. Xbar
C. Multi-Vari
D. NP

Answer 229

Answer: C

Question 230

Question (230 - 300)
On a _________________ one can see a pattern from the graphed points such that conclusions
can be drawn about the largest family of Variation.
A. Multi-Vari Chart
B. Weighted Scale
C. X-Y Matrix
D. Poisson Chart

Answer 230

Answer: A

Question 231

Question (231 - 300)
For a batch manufacturing process, while assessing short term process variation, which variation
category(ies) should one need to focus on? (Note: There are 2 correct answers).
A. Variation within consecutive pieces
B. Variation among consecutive batches
C. Variation among groups of pieces
D. Variation among the completed product

Answer 231

Answer: A,B

Question 232

Question (232 - 300)
When the Inputs, X’’s, for your process are Normally Distributed about the Mean, the Outputs, Y’’s,
will be Normally Distributed.
A. True
B. False

Answer 232

Answer: B

Question 233

Question (233 - 300)
Some of the sources for different types of error that can be quantified using Statistical Analysis are
which of these?
A. Error in sampling
B. Bias in sampling
C. Error in measurement
D. All of the above

Answer 233

Answer: D

Question 234

Question (234 - 300)
For a Normal Distribution as samples size increases the Range in Mean and Standard Deviation
decrease relative to the Mean and Standard Deviation of the population.
A. True
B. False

Answer 234

Answer: A

Question 235

Question (235 - 300)
From this list select the best example of Bias in Sampling.
A. Testing the completeness of cooking a cake but the testers cannot agree on how to measure
internal temperature
B. Testing the sharpness of a razor blade while the sample of 500 are from the same model razor
C. Testing the weight of participants at a wrestling event and only measuring those who finished
second or better
D. Testing a hand-held GPS models for durability using samples only from Nokia Model P120

Answer 235

Answer: C

Question 236

Question (236 - 300)
The Central Limit Theorem says that as the sample size becomes large the sample Mean
distribution will form a Normal Distribution, ____________________.
A. If the Measurement System is properly calibrated
B. When the data is collected accurately
C. If the shape is evenly spread
D. No matter what the shape of the population distribution of individuals

Answer 236

Answer: D

Question 237

Question (237 - 300)
A statistical test or Hypothesis Test is performed to reject or fail to reject a stated hypothesis and it
converts the Practical Problem into a Statistical Problem.
A. True
B. False

Answer 237

Answer: A

Question 238

Question (238 - 300)
The class score distribution of schools in a metropolitan area is shown here along with an analysis
output. Comment on the statistical significance between the Means of the two distributions. Select
the most appropriate statement.

A. The two class Means are statistically different from each other
B. The two class Means statistically not different from each other
C. Inadequate information on class Means to make any statistical conclusions
D. A visual comparison shows that class Means are not statistically different

Answer 238

Answer: A

Question 239

Question (239 - 300)
An operator is measuring the distance between two points. Which is most likely to be influenced
by the operator?
A. Precision of the measurement
B. Accuracy of the measurement
C. Calibration of the instrument
D. All of these answers are correct

Answer 239

Answer: D

Question 240

Question (240 - 300)
Accuracy can be assessed in several ways and a fairly accurate means of measurement is visual
comparison.
A. True
B. False

Answer 240

Answer: B

Question 241

Question (241 - 300)
With Measurement System Analysis we are concerned with two issues that impact the potential
variability of the data. They are _____________________.
A. Precision and Accuracy
B. Reliability and Repeatability
C. Error and Spread
D. Sensitivity and Deflection

Answer 241

Answer: A

Question 242

Question (242 - 300)
Measurement __________ is defined as the difference between the observed and the expected
values for a given set of data.
A. Bias
B. Linearity
C. Range
D. Breadth

Answer 242

Answer: A

Question 243

Question (243 - 300)
A ___________ problem in the Measurement System suggests that there is a lack of consistency
in the measurement over time.
A. Linearity
B. Bias
C. Stability
D. Magnitude

Answer 243

Answer: C

Question 244

Question (244 - 300)
In a good Measurement System the most variation will be with part-to-part measurements. What
should you do if the majority of variation is associated with the Gage R&R assuming the gage is
technically capable?
A. Focus on fixing the Repeatability and Reproducibility of the measurement device
B. Purchase a new machine
C. Focus on trimming the Part-to-Part variation
D. Run another MSA test with the machine

Answer 244

Answer: A

Question 245

Question (245 - 300)
An operator checks that all boxes being packed contain enough products to fill the box. However,
each box getting filled has a different number of products in it. This is a Reproducibility problem,
not a Repeatability problem.
A. True
B. False

Answer 245

Answer: B

Question 246

Question (246 - 300)
Appropriate measures means that measurements are ______________.
A. Representative
B. Sufficient
C. Contextual
D. Relevant
E. All of these answers are correct

Answer 246

Answer: E

Question 247

Question (247 - 300)
What aspects of Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA) studies are applicable when the process
used to measure does not damage the part?
A. Destructive variable gage R&R and Crossed Study
B. Destructive variable gage R&R and Nested Study
C. Nondestructive variable gage R&R and Crossed Study
D. Nondestructive variable gage R&R and Nested Study

Answer 247

Answer: D

Question 248

Question (248 - 300)
Which item(s) listed would impact the Process Capability for a process with a continuous output?
(Note: There are 4 correct answers).
A. Shape of process data distribution (e.g. Normal Distribution)
B. Process Technology
C. Process Standard Deviation
D. Presence of Special Causes or solely Common Causes
E. Seasonal variation in process

Answer 248

Answer: A,C,D,E

Question 249

Question (249 - 300)
The reported Cpk for a process with an average of 98 units, a spread of 16 units and upper and
lower specification limits of 115 and 90 units would be?
A. 0.5
B. 0.75
C. 1.00
D. 1.25

Answer 249

Answer: C

Question 250

Question (250 - 300)
For Attribute Data, Process Capability is defined as the average proportion of nonconforming
products.
A. True
B. False

Answer 250

Answer: A

Question 251

Question (251 - 300)
When we compare short-term and long-term Capability which of these is true?
A. Cp is better for the short term
B. Both short-term and long-term performance are alike
C. Performance tends to improve over time
D. Cp is better for the long-term

Answer 251

Answer: A

Question 252

Question (252 - 300)
What is the Ppk of a process with a spread of 24 units, an average of 68, an upper limit of 82 and
a lower limit of 54?
A. 1.68
B. 2.00
C. 4.00
D. 4.42

Answer 252

Answer: C

Question 253

Question (253 - 300)
Which statements are correct about the advanced Capability Analysis shown here? (Note: There
are 3 correct answers).

A. This is a Poisson Capability Analysis
B. The average DPU with 95% confidence is between 0.024 and 0.0295
C. The DPU does not seem to vary depending on sample size
D. The process shows only one instance of being out of control statistically so we have confidence
in the estimated DPU of this process
E. The maximum DPU in one observation was nearly 0.0753

Answer 253

Answer: B,C,E

Question 254

Question (254 - 300)
The Greek letter ‘‘sigma’’ is used by mathematicians to signify _____________.
A. Curve Width
B. Numerical Average
C. Standard Deviation
D. Data Spread

Answer 254

Answer: C

Question 255

Question (255 - 300)
Much of the Six Sigma methodology is used to identify and remove causes for _____________ .
A. Process Variation
B. Material Costs
C. Excess Inventory
D. Lost Sales

Answer 255

Answer: A

Question 256

Question (256 - 300)
When variation is removed from the output of a process then the process customer can have more
confidence in the experience that results from the process.
A. True
B. False

Answer 256

Answer: A

Question 257

Question (257 - 300)
The distance between the Mean of a data set and the Point of Inflection on a Normal curve is
called the _______________.
A. Curve Spread
B. Standard Deviation
C. Numerical Average
D. Data Breadth

Answer 257

Answer: B

Question 258

Question (258 - 300)
One of the foundations of Lean Six Sigma is the concept that the output of a process (Y) is
influenced by the process inputs (X’’s) and is commonly shown as which formula?
A. Y = Z(X2)
B. Y = f(X3)
C. Y = f(Xn)
D. Y = g(X+ 1.5)

Answer 258

Answer: C

Question 259

Question (259 - 300)
Those people who have a interest in the outputs of a process are known as
_____________________.
A. Stakeholders
B. Senior management
C. Co-workers
D. Process owners

Answer 259

Answer: A

Question 260

Question (260 - 300)
A Process Map is created in order that a Belt can __________________.
A. Follow the product to the end
B. Get the line people’’s names correct
C. Capture all the activities comprising the process
D. Manage the input inventory delivery schedule

Answer 260

Answer: C

Question 261

Question (261 - 300)
Customers make their decisions based on Features, Integrity (of the seller) Delivery and
___________?
A. Color
B. Expense
C. Season
D. None

Answer 261

Answer: B

Question 262

Question (262 - 300)
Sally bought a blender from her local appliance store. When she changed blades the blender
would not function. For the manufacturer this would be categorized as what type of cost?
A. Internal Failure Costs
B. External Failure Costs
C. Prevention Costs
D. Appraisal Costs

Answer 262

Answer: B

Question 263

Question (263 - 300)
Cost of Poor Quality (COPQ) can be classified as Visible Costs and Hidden Costs. Which of these
items is a Visible Cost?
A. Lost Customer Loyalty
B. Time Value of Money
C. Returns
D. Late Delivery

Answer 263

Answer: C

Question 264

Question (264 - 300)
A Belt has determined that the inventory of repair parts at a rework station can be reduced by
45%. According to Cost of Poor Quality (COPQ) definitions inventory reduction would be
considered _______________.
A. Soft Savings
B. COPQ efficiency
C. Median Savings
D. Hard Savings

Answer 264

Answer: D

Question 265

Question (265 - 300)
When one speaks of 20% of something contributing 80% of the affect they are referring to what is
known as the _________________.
A. Shewhart Example
B. Connection Principle
C. Balance Equation
D. Pareto Principle

Answer 265

Answer: D

Question 266

Question (266 - 300)
Using this data calculate the percentage of DPU.
Data: 763 defects, 18,000 units.
A. 2.12
B. 3.42
C. 4.24
D. 5.72

Answer 266

Answer: C

Question 267

Question (267 - 300)
Calculate the Rolled Throughput Yield of this process using this data.
Data: unit input: 1215, unit output: 1180, defects repaired: 184, scrap: 42
A. 80.85%
B. 81.40%
C. 82.23%
D. 84.96%

Answer 267

Answer: B

Question 268

Question (268 - 300)
‘‘A calculated time frame that matches customer demand’’ is a definition of what Lean Principles
term?
A. Value Stream
B. Kaizen event
C. Takt time
D. Kanban

Answer 268

Answer: C

Question 269

Question (269 - 300)
Which of these are examples of business metrics or Key Performance Indicators commonly
referred to as KPI’’s?
A. Cycle Time
B. Defects
C. No. of Units Reworked
D. Labor Hours
E. All of these answers are correct

Answer 269

Answer: E

Question 270

Question (270 - 300)
As a means of measuring the effects on other areas of a process as a result of changes in the
primary metric we also define and track ________________.
A. Parallel process metrics
B. Secondary metrics
C. Tertiary metrics
D. Industry standards

Answer 270

Answer: B

Question 271

Question (271 - 300)
What dollar amount of savings would a project show if it reduced your outstanding Accounts
Receivable by $0.9 million dollars to $3.5 million total and your organization’’s marginal cost of
capital was 5.7%?
A. $49,250
B. $51,300
C. $117,500
D. $202,424

Answer 271

Answer: B

Question 272

Question (272 - 300)
Handling of warranty returns, process improvement team meetings and rework to meet customer
expectations are all examples of business costs that are classified as ___________ .
A. Nuisance
B. Non-value Add
C. Necessary
D. Unavoidable

Answer 272

Answer: B

Question 273

Question (273 - 300)
The Japanese born function of a Kaizen event utilizes a specific, step-by-step approach meant to
bring about major changes to a process.
A. True
B. False

Answer 273

Answer: A

Question 274

Question (274 - 300)
The primary objective in removal of waste is to improve the Order Production Cycle where the time
from _________________ to the time of receipt of payment is compressed.
A. Shift start
B. Product development
C. Receipt of an order
D. New fiscal year

Answer 274

Answer: C

Question 275

Question (275 - 300)
A Belt rearranged the location of the parts inventory for a rework station locating the most often
used parts to be within hand reach of the repair person. This rearrangement resulted in quicker
repair times by eliminating one of seven major elements of waste which is the Waste of
__________.
A. Motion
B. Conveyance
C. Inventory
D. Waiting

Answer 275

Answer: A

Question 276

Question (276 - 300)
Which Element of Waste best describes “the unnecessary movement of materials and goods”?
A. Overprocessing
B. Inventory
C. Motion
D. Conveyance

Answer 276

Answer: D

Question 277

Question (277 - 300)
The Waste of Overproduction is defined as ______________________.
A. The unnecessary movement of people and equipment
B. The liability of materials that are bought, invested in and not immediately sold or used
C. Producing more than the next step needs or more than the customer buys
D. The extra movement of material

Answer 277

Answer: C

Question 278

Question (278 - 300)
The English words used for the 5S’’s are __________ , _____________ , Shining, Standardizing
and Sustaining. (Note: There are 2 correct answers).
A. Shaping
B. Sorting
C. Shifting
D. Straightening

Answer 278

Answer: B,D

Question 279

Question (279 - 300)
During the ______________ phase of 5S is when we might implement a Red Tag program.
A. Straightening
B. Standardizing
C. Shining
D. Sorting

Answer 279

Answer: D

Question 280

Question (280 - 300)
In a Fishbone Diagram the 6M’’s stand for Methods, Measurements, Machine, Man, Mother
Nature and ____________ .
A. Management
B. Merger
C. Materials
D. Medical

Answer 280

Answer: C

Question 281

Question (281 - 300)
Which one of these tools is frequently used to help drill down to possible causes once a Fishbone
Diagram is constructed?
A. 3 When Analysis
B. 5 Why Analysis
C. Ishikawa Diagram
D. Skeleton Diagnostic

Answer 281

Answer: B

Question 282

Question (282 - 300)
Two of the key deliverables for the Measure Phase are a robust description of the process and its
flow and an assessment of the Measurement System.
A. True
B. False

Answer 282

Answer: A

Question 283

Question (283 - 300)
A valuable tool to use during the Measure Phase to show material and information flow throughout
an entire process is the ______________ .
A. Value Stream Map
B. FMEA
C. Pareto Chart
D. Standard Operating Procedure

Answer 283

Answer: A

Question 284

Question (284 - 300)
One of the primary deliverables from performing a SIPOC is to begin to understand which outputs
have the greatest affect on the customer most valued inputs.
A. True
B. False

Answer 284

Answer: B

Question 285

Question (285 - 300)
From this list select the items that define what an X-Y Diagram is. (Note: There are 4 correct
answers).
A. Created for every project
B. Based on team’s collective opinions
C. Updated whenever a parameter is changed
D. Used to show each step in a process
E. A living document throughout project lifecycle

Answer 285

Answer: A,B,C,E

Question 286

Question (286 - 300)
The most appropriate type of FMEA for a product before going into manufacturing is a
___________ FMEA.
A. Design
B. Consumer
C. Survey
D. Test Process

Answer 286

Answer: A

Question 287

Question (287 - 300)
Early in a project a Belt will want to begin to identify and evaluate risk factors for the subject
process and will therefore begin building a(n) ________.
A. FMEA
B. SIPOC
C. X-Y Diagram
D. Team Charter

Answer 287

Answer: A

Question 288

Question (288 - 300)
Of the various types of data shown below which is NOT representative of Variable Data.
A. Length of a table
B. Liters of solution added to a formula
C. Number of employees wearing a uniform
D. Miles per hour of a vehicle

Answer 288

Answer: C

Question 289

Question (289 - 300)
The two types of data that can be used in Statistical Analysis are Attribute and Variable.
A. True
B. False

Answer 289

Answer: A

Question 290

Question (290 - 300)
All the data points that represent the total set of information of interest is called the
________________ .
A. Population
B. Sample
C. Frame
D. Spread

Answer 290

Answer: A

Question 291

Question (291 - 300)
Data that can be measured on a continuum and has meaningful decimal subdivisions are
__________ data.
A. Continuous
B. Surplus
C. Discrete
D. Variable

Answer 291

Answer: A

Question 292

Question (292 - 300)
A Personal Trainer was assessing her workout class participants for their body fat content and had
to include data for her analysis. One of the columns listed the range of weight of the people
included in the studies. This required plotting a Histogram of the weight of the people assessed
for their body fat content. While drawing the Histogram the x-axis contained a certain scale of
data. Pick the scale of data that is appropriate for Histograms.
A. Ordinal Scale Data
B. Ration Scale Data
C. Nominal Scale Data
D. Interval Scale Data

Answer 292

Answer: D

Question 293

Question (293 - 300)
Production Line 1 is able to complete 500 units per shift. Production Line 2 is able to finish 1,500
units per shift. Production Line 2 is 3 times faster than Production Line 1. This analysis is an
example of ______________ Scale Data.
A. Nominal
B. Ratio
C. Ordinal
D. Interval

Answer 293

Answer: B

Question 294

Question (294 - 300)
A fundamental rule is that both Standard Deviation and Variance can be added.
A. True
B. False

Answer 294

Answer: B

Question 295

Question (295 - 300)
The _______ is the most frequently occurring value in a distribution of data.
A. Median
B. Mean
C. Mode
D. Center Point

Answer 295

Answer: C

Question 296

Question (296 - 300)
A natural logarithmic base is not required for which of these distributions for probability
calculations?
A. Weibull
B. Normal
C. Poisson
D. Binomial

Answer 296

Answer: D

Question 297

Question (297 - 300)
Which of these is not a primary cause for Non-normal Data?
A. Skewness
B. Mixed Distributions
C. Kurtosis
D. Formulosis
E. Granularity

Answer 297

Answer: D

Question 298

Question (298 - 300)
Use this data to calculate the Z score. Average oF. 65, Standard Deviation: 3, Upper Spec Limit:
72
A. 0.27
B. 1.5
C. 2.33
D. 4.12

Answer 298

Answer: C

Question 299

Question (299 - 300)
The _____________ Distribution would be the most desirable for modeling the number of stitch
defects in a portion of fabric.
A. Exponential
B. Extended
C. Poisson
D. Weibull

Answer 299

Answer: C

Question 300

Question (300 - 300)
Which of these graphical presentations displays the values of each individual reading?
A. Histogram
B. Box Plot
C. Stem and Leaf Plot
D. X-Y Diagram

Answer 300

Answer: C