Brains and Bodies

Question 1

What is an agonist?

Answer 1

A chemical that mimisc a neurotransmitter

Question 2

What is Glutamate?

Answer 2

Glutamate is an exitatory neurotransmitter

Question 3

What type of cells protect the axon?

Answer 3

Glial cells

Question 4

What is GABA?

Answer 4

GABA is a calming neurotransmitter

Question 5

What is an antagonist?

Answer 5

A chemical that blocks a receptor by binding to it

Question 6

What is the structure of a neuron?

Answer 6

A nuron is composed of the soma, dendrite, and axon

Question 7

What is the function of the soma?

Answer 7

The soma protects the nucleus of the neuron and keeps it alive

Question 8

What is the function of the dendrite?

Answer 8

The dendrite collects information from other cells and transmits that information to the soma

Question 9

What is the function of the axon?

Answer 9

The axon transmits information from the soma to terminal buttons

Question 10

What is the function of the terminal buttons?

Answer 10

The terminal buttons communicate with other cells by producing a neurotransmitter

Question 11

What is the natural state of a neuron?

Answer 11

Resiting potential

Question 12

What is resting potential?

Answer 12

Resting potential is the natural state of a neuron. The inside of the neuron contains more negatively charged ions than the outside environment

Question 13

What is action potential?

Answer 13

Action potential occurs when the soma receives a strong enough input, sending a signal down the axon, which lets positively charged sodium ions through the myelin sheath.

Question 14

What is localization of function?

Answer 14

Localization of function is the ability for stimuli to be processed without the brain, such as pain reflex being processed in the spinal cord

Question 15

What is the function of glial cells?

Answer 15

They surround and link neurons, provide nutrients, and absorb unused neurotransmitters

Question 16

What are the 2 major nervous systems?

Answer 16

Central and Peripheral

Question 17

What are the different parts of the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 17

Autonaumic and Somatic

Question 18

What are the different parts of the Automatic nervous system?

Answer 18

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 19

What is the main function fo the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 19

The sympathetic nervous system increases the function of the autonomic nervous system

Question 20

What is the main function of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 20

The parasympathetic nervous systen calms the function of the autonomic nervous system

Question 21

What is the main function of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 21

The autonomic nervous system handles automatic internal activities such as hartrate, blood pressure, breathing, and salivation

Question 22

What is the main function of the somatic nervous system?

Answer 22

The somatic nervous system handles function of the skeletal muscles

Question 23

What is the concept of a lizard brain?

Answer 23

The lizard brain contains all the functions for an animal to function such as sex, pleasure, hunger, instincts, reflexes

Question 24

What aspect of human brains aren’t part of the lizard brain model?

Answer 24

Humans have more layers, better memory, emotions, and corticalization

Question 25

What is corticalization?

Answer 25

Corticalization is the development of folds in the cerebral cortex and correlates with intelligence

Question 26

What are the parts of the lizard brain?

Answer 26

Brain stem and limbic system

Question 27

What are the 4 lobes of the cerebral cortex?

Answer 27

Frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, temporal lobe

Question 28

What are the 4 parts of the brain stem?

Answer 28

Medulla, pons, reticular formation, thalamus

Question 29

What are the 5 parts of the limbic system?

Answer 29

Amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus, cerebellum, cerebral cortex

Question 30

What is the function of the medulla?

Answer 30

The medulla handles heartrate, blood pressure, swallowing, breathing, etc

Question 31

What is the function of the pons?

Answer 31

Movement and balance

Question 32

What is the function of the reticular formation?

Answer 32

Filtering stimuli, walking, eating, sleeping, sexual arousal

Question 33

What is the function of the thalamus?

Answer 33

Filtering stimuli, relaying signals from the brain stem to the limbic system

Question 34

Whatb is the function of the amygdala?

Answer 34

Perception and reaction of fear and aggression, social cognition

Question 35

What is the function of the Hypothalamus?

Answer 35

Regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, sex by creating the feeling of pleasure when these needs are met

Question 36

What is the function of the hippocampus?

Answer 36

Transfering short term memory to long term memory

Question 37

What is the function of the cerebellum?

Answer 37

Handles movement, walking, balance, and also contributes to emotional reponse, procedural memory, stimuli differentiation

Question 38

What is the function of the cerebral cortex?

Answer 38

Perception, consciousness, thought, and reasoning

Question 39

What is neuroplasticity?

Answer 39

Neuroplasticity is the brains ability to change it's structure and function, such as recovering from a stroke

Question 40

What is the function of the frontal lobe?

Answer 40

Reasoning, judgement, planning, and memory

Question 41

What is the function of the parietal lobe?

Answer 41

Prcessing touch, pain, temperature, pressure

Question 42

What is the function of the occipital lobe?

Answer 42

Processing vision

Question 43

What is the function of the temporal lobe?

Answer 43

Processing hearing and language