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Final 2B > BrainCase2B-Final-deck1 > Flashcards

BrainCase2B-Final-deck1 Flashcards

1
Q

What species left Africa first?

A

H. ergaster

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2
Q

OA1 time

A

1.2-1.7

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3
Q

OA1 dest

A

Atapuerca, Daminisi, Asia

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4
Q

OA1 tools

A

Oldawan, Earch Acheulean

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5
Q

OA2 species

A

H. heidelbergensis

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6
Q

OA2 time

A

600 ka

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7
Q

OA2 outcome Europe

A

gave rise to H. neanderthalis

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8
Q

OA2 tools

A

Upper Acheulaean

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9
Q

OA2 dest

A

Europe

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10
Q

OA3 species

A

H. sapiens

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11
Q

OA3 time

A

50 ka

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12
Q

OA3 tools

A

LSA, Upper Paleo (europe)

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13
Q

OA3 outcome Asia

A

extinction of H. erectus

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14
Q

OA3 outcome Europe

A

extinction of H. neadertahlis by 40 ka

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15
Q

Tools in order (africa)

A

Oldowan, Early Acheulean, Late Acheulean, MSA, LSA

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16
Q

Tools in order (Europe)

A

Oldowan, Lower Paleolithic (early Acheulean), Late Austerian (lower paleo, MiddlePaleolithic/ Mousterian, Upper Paleolithic

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17
Q

Oldowan tool time

A

2.5 ma

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18
Q

Early Acheulean tools time

A

1.7 ma

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19
Q

Late acheulean tool time

A

600 ka

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20
Q

Middle Stone Age tool time

A

250ka

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21
Q

LSA tool time

A

50 ka

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22
Q

H. Ergaster tools

A

Early acheulean

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23
Q

H. heidelbergensis tool type

A

Late acheulean

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24
Q

H. neanderthals tool type

A

Mousterian, Middle Paleo

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25
Q

H. Sapien tool type

A

LSA/ Upper Paleo

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26
Q

Is paranthropus in the human ancestry?

A

no

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27
Q

First species with external nose

A

H. ergaster

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28
Q

500 cc brain

A

P. bosei/robustus

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29
Q

900 cc brain size

A

H. ergaster

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30
Q

1200 cc brain size

A

H. heidelbergensis

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31
Q

1500 cc brain size

A

H. neanderthalis

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32
Q

1350 cc brain size

A

H. sapiens

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33
Q

retromolar space

A

H. neanderthalis

34
Q

Old World tooth pattern

A

2-1-2-3

35
Q

New Orld Tootl Pattern

A

2-1-3-3

36
Q

Homo - New or Old world?

A

Old

37
Q

Homo - Great apes or lesser apes?

A

great apes

38
Q

homo - higher or lower primates?

A

higher

39
Q

example lower primate

A

lemur

40
Q

example higher primate

A

monkey, apes

41
Q

hominins separate from chimps when?

A

7-5 ma

42
Q

primate primitive

A

collar bone, 5 digits

43
Q

primate derived

A

grasping extremities, flat nails, close eye sockets facing same direction, short muzzle, less incisor/premolars,unique fissure pattern cerebral cortex

44
Q

Homo derived from great apes

A

lower limbs for bipedalism, small incisors, short upper limbs, large brain

45
Q

first bipedalism

A

7-5ma

46
Q

selective advantages of bipedalism

A

ability to carry meat, reduced skin in sun, free hands for tool use, see over vegetation, threat display, less energy to walk

47
Q

signs of bipedalism

A

non-divergent big toe, bicondylar angle, downward facing foramen magnum, short broad pelvis, longitudinal arch, human heel strike

48
Q

first indisputable biped

A

australopith

49
Q

australopith time range

A

4.2 - 1.2

50
Q

Taung child genus

A

Australopith

51
Q

Taung child brain size

A

440

52
Q

Taung child location

A

southern africa

53
Q

Sourth african digs are in

A

breccia in limestone caves

54
Q

Australopith - sagitall crest?

A

no

55
Q

paranthropus - sagital crest?

A

yes

56
Q

pota/arg dating

A

K40 decays to Arg 40, but Arg 40 escapes. Ratio of Arg 40 starts at zero, and grows as Pot 40 decays

57
Q

pot/arg limitation

A

older than 300ka

58
Q

k40 1/2 life

A

1/25 billion years

59
Q

principal derived homo trait vs australo

A

Brain

60
Q

homo brain is never smaller than ….

A

600cc

61
Q

2ma

A

homo emerges

62
Q

homo arrival

A

2ma

63
Q

4 basic oldowan tools

A

core, flake, hammerstone, manuport

64
Q

Turkana boy species

A

H. ergaster

65
Q

Turkana boy time

A

1.5 ma

66
Q

Turkana boy derived traits

A

short arms, long legs, barrel shaped rib cage, large hindlimb joint surfaces

67
Q

H. ergaster adaptations for grasslands

A

long limbs (shed heat), external nose, hairless dark skin

68
Q

Javan H. erectus skull

A

1000cc

69
Q

when did Javan H. erectus go extinct in Java?

A

between 300ka and 50 ka

70
Q

H. erectus - sagittal keel?

A

yes

71
Q

H. heidelbergensis brain case

A

1200 cc

72
Q

Neanderthals evolved from___

A

H. heidelbergensis

73
Q

derived neanderthal traits

A

globular braincase, prom double arched brow, low forehead

74
Q

RC dating

A

C14 uptake stops at death, and ratio of c14 to c12 is same as atmosphere at death. C14 is radioactive with 5730 yr half life. Ratio of c14 to c12

75
Q

RC limitation

A

under 30 ka

76
Q

Neanderthals dervied vs sapien

A

globular braincase, small mastoid process, double arched brow, supraniac depression, bumps in mastoid region, forward projection along midline, retromolar space, transverse crest

77
Q

Neaderthal advanced behavior

A

burial of dead, care for old/sick, flint knapping, control of fire, meat eating, natural pigments

78
Q

Did neanderthals have projectiles?

A

no

79
Q

Did neanderthals shape bone, ivory or shell?

A

no

80
Q

H. sapien derived

A

supraorbital notch,

Final 2B (5 decks)

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