Brain Tumors--Bloch Flashcards
Brain Tumors are lowest in which ethnicity? Highest in which?
Lowest in: Asians
Highest in: Caucasians
Are brain tumors more common in males or females?
more common in males
Which causes more death–stroke or brain tumors?
stroke–leading cause of neurological death
then brain tumors.
What are some symptoms of brain tumors?
Headache Seizure Mental change Hemiparesis Vomiting Dysphasia Impaired consciousness Visual failure
What are some different tumor types?
Nerve sheath Meningioma Ependymoma Oligodendroglioma Medulloblastoma Astrocytoma GBM
What is vomiting potentially a sign of?
increased ICP
Which types of headaches are concerning as a sign of possible brain tumor?
Wake up with headache & it gets better throughout the day. When you stand up–gravity pushes the blood flow down & gives space to the tumor.
Worst headache of a person’s life w/o migraine charcteristics—think subarachnoid hemorrhage.
What are the migraine symptoms?
unilateral, throbby, photobphobi, phonophobia, nausea, vomiting
CNS tumors that are intracranial & supratentorial (above the tent) usu happens in which age group? Which types are seen here?
usu seen with adults. 70% of the time Astrocytoma GBM Metastasis Meningioma
CNS tumors that are intracranial & infratentorial (below the tent) usu happens in which age group? Which types are seen here?
70% of the time is in children
Medulloblastoma
Astrocytoma
4th ventricle ependymoma
Intraspinal tumors can be seen in both adults & children. What are the extradural types?
Epidural mets
Bone tumors
What are some intradural types of intraspinal tumors?
Intramedullary --Ependmoma --Astrocytoma Extramedullary --Schwannomas --Meningioma
What is the relative prevalence of the following brain tumors?
Metastases: 33% Glioma: 25% Meningioma: 15% PItuitary Adenoma: 10% Acoustic Neuroma: 8%
What are the types of cerebral gliomas?
Astrocytoma
Oligodendroglioma
mixed neuronal & glial tumors (such as ganglioglioma, ganglioneuroma, central neurocytoma, dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor)
What is an astrocytoma grade 1 tumor?
pilocytic giant cell
What is an astrocytoma grade 2 tumor?
either fibrillary, protoplasmic, gemistocytic
What is an anapestic astrocytoma grade 3 tumor?
very cellular & pleomorphic
What are some types of glioblastoma multiforme grade 4?
endothelial proliferation & necrosis
multicentric glioma
gliomatosis cerebri
T/F Whole brain radiation is w/o side effects.
False. You can get cerebellar damage with whole brain radiation.
Glioblastoma Multiforme usu happens in which age group? More common in which gender? These make up a large % of which types of brain tumors?
Ages 45-55
More common in men
Make up a lot of the intracranial tumors, cerebral gliomas
What do you see on the MRI of a glioblastoma multiform patient? What is the treatment for this? What is the survival like?
see ring-like enhancement on MRI called a butterfly when it crosses the corpus callosum Tx: surgery, radiation, chemo Survival: 6 mo w/o treatment 1 yr with treatment
What are some types of intraventricular tumors?
Neuroepithelial Cyst Ependyoma Giant Cell Astrocytoma Central neurocytoma Choroid plexus papilloma Meningioma Ectopic Pinealoma Epidermoid tumor CSF seeding of tumor
What are some types of schwannoma (tumors that affect nerve sheath or meninges)?
Acoustic schwannomas most common
Bilateral in NF2
What is a type of neurofibroma tumor?
NF1
