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Brain science stuff Flashcards

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1
Q

VPL of thalamus

A

-Input: Spinothalamuc and dorsal columns/medial lemniscus-Info: Pain and temp; Pressure, touch, vibration, proprioception–> primary somatosensory cortex

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2
Q

VPM of thalamus

A

-Input: Trigeminal, gustatatory-Info: Face sensation, taste–> Primary somatosensory cortex”Very Pretty Makeup: face sensation and taste”

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3
Q

LGN of thalamus

A

-Input: CN2-Info: Vision–> Calcarine sulcus “Light Goes North”

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4
Q

MGN of thalamus

A

-Input: Superior olive, Inferior colliculus of tectum-Info: Hearing–> Auditory cortex of temporal lobe”MGN music studios”

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5
Q

VL of thalamus

A

-Input: Basal ganglia-Info: Motor–> Motor cortex”Varsity Lacrosse”

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6
Q

Limbic System

A

NAME?

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7
Q

Cerebellum INput

A

NAME?

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8
Q

Cerebellum OUTput

A

-Contralateral cortex: to modulate movement (Purkinje –> deep nucleus of cerebellum –> Contralateral cortex via Superior Cerebellar Peducnle)

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9
Q

Cerebellum: Deep nuclei

A

-Deep nuclei (lateral –> medial): Dentate, Emboliform, Globse, Fastigial-Lateral: voluntary mvmt of extremities. (injured? fall to ipsilateral side as injury)-Medial: balance, truncal coordination

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10
Q

Parkinsons

A

-Degeneration of Dopamiergic neurons in Substantia Nigra pars compacta-Path: Lewy bodies = alpha-synuclein intracellular inclusions-TRAP = Tremor, cogwheel Rigidity, Akinseia (slow to initiate mvmt, or Bradykinesia-slow execution of mvmts), Postural instability

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11
Q

Huntingtons ds

A

-CAG expansion, chr 4-sxs: Chorea, aggression, depression, dementia-Neuronal death via NMDA-R binding and glutamate toxicity-Atrophy of striatal nuclei (main inhibitors of mvmt - putamen and caudate) - lose Ach and GABA

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12
Q

Hemiballisums

A

-Sudden, wild flailing of 1 arm (+/- ipsilateral leg)=lesion: Contralateral subthalamic nucelus (e.g. lacunar stroke)

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13
Q

Chorea

A

-Sudden, jerky, purposeless mvmts=lesion: Basal ganglia (e.g. Huntington’s)

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14
Q

Athetosis

A

-Slow, writhing mvmts (snake-like); esp in fingers=lesion: Basal ganglia (e.g. Huntington’s)

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15
Q

Myoclonus

A

-Sudden, brief, uncontrolled muscle contraction-Jerks; hiccups; common in metabolic abnormalities like renal/liver failure

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16
Q

Dystonia

A

-sustained, involuntary contractions-e.g. Writer’s cramp, Blepharospasm (sustained eyelid twitch)

17
Q

Essential tremor (postural)

A

-Action tremor; exacerbated by holding posture/limb position-Genetic predisposition, pts often self-medicate w ETOH which decr tremor amplitude-Rx: Beta blockers, Primidone

18
Q

Resting tremor

A

NAME?

19
Q

Intention tremor

A

Slow, zigzag motion when pointing/extending twd a target=Cerebellar dysfxn

20
Q

Amgydala lesion (BL)

A

Kluver-Bucy syndrome (Hyperorality - examine things w mouth, Hypersexuality, Disinhibited behavior=amdyala: fear, primitive emotion

21
Q

Frontal lobe lesion

A

Disinhibtion, deficits in concentration, orientation, judgment-may have reemergence of primitive reflexes

22
Q

Right* parietal lobe lesion

A

-Spatial neglect syndrome= Agnosia (can’t recognize) of the CL side of the world

23
Q

Reticular activating system (midbrain) lesion

A

Reduced levels of arousal and wakefulness (e.g. coma)-Midbrain: relay station for audio and visual input

24
Q

Mamillary bodies (BL) lesion

A

Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome: Acute confusion, ataxia, Opthalmoplgia (also memory loss-anterograde and retrograde - confabulation, personality changes-Thiamine/B1 deficiency and ETOH. Exacerbated if given glucose

25
Q

Cerebellar hemisphere lesion

A

-Intention tremor, limb ataxia, loss of balance-Damage to cerebellum results in ipsilateral deficits –> fall twd side of lesion

26
Q

Cerebellar vermis lesion

A

-Truncal ataxia, dsyarthria (motor-speech disorder)–affects the Central body

27
Q

Subthalamic nucleus lesion

A

Contralateral hemiballlismus

28
Q

Paramedian Pontine Reticular Formation (PPRF) lesion

A

Eyes look away from side of lesion

29
Q

Frontal eye fields lesion

A

Eyes look twds lesion

30
Q

Central Pontine Myelinolysis

A

NAME?

31
Q

Broca’s aphasia (typically left)

A

-Brocas area: inferior frontal gyrus of frontal lobe-Nonfluent aphasia (can’t speak), Intact comprehension

32
Q

Wernickes (typically left)

A

NAME?

33
Q

Global aphasia

A

-both Broca’s and Wernicke’s affected=Nonfluent aphasia w impaired comprehension (can’t speak, don’t realize it)

34
Q

Conduction aphasia

A

NAME?

Brain Sciences (1 decks)

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