Brain Regions and functional organization

Question 1

what are the 4 regions of the Cerebral Cortex and their function

Answer 1

1. Frontal: personality, decision making, memory. problem solving
2. Parietal: taste and touch
3. Temporal: hearing, equilibrium, taste, olfactory and visceral
4. Occipital: vision area

Question 2

what does the diencephalon consist of?

Answer 2

hypothalamus
thalamus
epithalamus

Question 3

function of thalamus

Answer 3

processes / relays incoming sensory information to cerebral cortex

Question 4

function of the hypothalamus

Answer 4

emotions, 
produces regulatory hormones 
visceral and autonomic activities
contains mammillary bodies for olfactory 
regulates: 
heart rate
BP, 
RR, 
temperature, 
hunger, 
thirst, 
sleep cycle,

Question 5

Function of epithalamus

Answer 5

includes pineal gland (production of melatonin)

and posterior commissure and choroid plexus

Question 6

what does the limbic system include?

Answer 6

central basal nuclei 
hippocampus
amygdala 
thalamus 
hypothalamus

Question 7

what is the role of the limbic system?

Answer 7

involves emotion
memory
wakefulness
reflexes
alertness

Question 8

what doe the hindbrain include?

Answer 8

Midbrain
medulla oblongata
pons
reticular activating system

Question 9

what does the midbrain include?

Answer 9

cerebral peduncles
cerebral aquaduct
corpora quadrigemina

Question 10

what is the role of the pons?

Answer 10

bridge between higher and lower brain

Question 11

What is the role of the Medulla Oblongata

Answer 11

autonomic reflex center such as regulation of HR, RR, and digestive activities

Question 12

what is the role of the reticular activating system?

Answer 12

band of neurons running through medulla - consciousness and filters excessive sensory input

Question 13

roles of the cerebellum

Answer 13

coordination
learned movements
balance

Question 14

what are association fibers?

Answer 14

tracts connect between the same hemisphere

Question 15

what are commissural fibers?

Answer 15

tracts connecting between hemispheres

Question 16

what is the largest commissural fibers?

Answer 16

Corpus collosum

Question 17

what are projection fibers?

Answer 17

connecting cerebral cortex with the lower brain

Question 18

what is a gyrus?

Answer 18

elevated ridge

Question 19

what is a shallow groove?

Answer 19

sulcus

Question 20

what is a deep groove?

Answer 20

fissure

Question 21

name the 2 fissures

Answer 21

1. longitudinal fissure: separates brain into left and right hemispheres
2. Transverse fissure: separates the cerebral hemisphere from the cerebellum

Question 22

name the 3 Sulcus

Answer 22

1. Central Sulcus: separates frontal from parietal
2. Lateral sulcus: outlines the temporal lobe
3. Parieto-occipital sulcus: separates parietal and occipital

Question 23

What are the 4 brain region?

Answer 23

Cerebral Cortex
diencephalon
Brain stem
cerebellum