brain parts Flashcards
in general, what are the posterior and the anterior of the brain for?
Posterior of the brain - perceiving information and learning Anterior of the brain - movement related activities -planning and executing
Explain the difference between gyrus and sulcus
Gyrus is a circle of brain tissue
Sulcus is a ditch in the brain
What is the cortex?
Outer 3mm of the cerebral hemispheres, divided into 4 lobes (frontal, temporal, occipital and parietal)
Corpus callosum
The middle of the brain connecting the two hemispheres
Left parietal lobe function and damage consequence
responsible for keeping track of the moving parts of our own body
damage leads to issues making precise movements
Right parietal lobe and damage consequence
Responsible for keeping track of the space around us
damage leads to perceptual damage and spatial difficulty
PPC
PPC = posterior parietal cortex
Stores representations of motor actions and responsible for our intention to move
Mirror neurons
in the parietal lobe and premotor area
Right temporal lobe
perceiving placement of sounds
medial temporal lobe
perceive personally meaningful information
Where is the visual association cortex?
lower part of the temporal lobe
Where are the primary auditory cortex and the auditory association cortex found?
Both are found in the temporal lobe
Planum temporale location
in the heart of the werknickes area in the superior temporal gyrus
General functions of the frontal lobe
Sophisicated cognitive and social functions like reasoning and decision making. Controls executive functions
Damage to the frontal lobe causes what?
Difficulty planning and lack of foresight. Possible personality changes
Roles of the prefrontal cortex PFC
- Emotional expression
- Inhibition of inappropriate behaviours
- Memory
- Creativity
- Navigating detours in our environment
Two sections of the prefrontal cortex
- dorsolateral pfc
- Orbitofrontal pfc
How could you spot damage to the dorsolateral PFC?
Wisconsin card sorting task because damage can cause perseveration which is difficulty changing strategies and this task evaluates this
How can you tell if someone has damage to the orbitofrontal cortex?
bland personality and indifference to emotional events
Where is the visual cortex found?
occipital lobe
damage to the visual cortex or the visual association cortex causes blindness?
damage to the visual cortex can cause blindness
The hippocampus
Memory formation, construction of scenes and spatial navigation
Hypothalamus
controls homeostasis, species typical behaviours and monitoring the characteristics of the blood.
Controls the pituitary gland therefore the whole glandular system
Controls autonomic nervous system
What is in the limbic system?
Limbic system contains:
amygdala
hippocampus
hypothalamus
