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A&P 1 > Brain Parts > Flashcards

Brain Parts Flashcards

1
Q

Medulla Oblongota

A
  1. Sensory and motor cranial nerve nuclei (IX, X, XI, XII)

2. Autonomic Regulator (cardiac, vasomotor, respiratory)

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2
Q

Pons

A
  1. Controls sleep, hearing, balance, taste, bladder
  2. Nuclei of sensory and motor cranial nerves (V, VI, VIII)
  3. Peduncles carry sensory info to cerebellum
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3
Q

Mesencephalon/Midbrain

A
  1. Tegmentum: Connects to cerebellum and helps control fine motor movements
  2. Cranial Nerves III & IV
  3. Substantia nigra: sends inhibitory signals to basal ganglia and thalamus
  4. allows for sound and object tracking in eyes and ears
  5. Peduncles hold corticospinal tract
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4
Q

Cerebellum

A
  1. Corrects voluntary muscle contraction & posture based on real time sensory data from movements
  2. “Arbor vitae” = Tree of Life
  3. Locomotion/coordination/sensing
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5
Q

Diencephalon (innermost region)

“Reptilian brain”

A
  1. Contains thalamus, hypothalamus, 3rd ventricle
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6
Q

Thalamus

A
  1. Receives all sensory info before cerebral cortex
  2. Connected to limbic system (memory and emotion)
  3. “Crude” perception of sensations
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7
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Autonomic: controls and integrated ANS; regulates cardiac and smooth muscle, glands
Hormones: synthesizes hormones that control Pituitary gland
Hormones: regulates rage, aggression, pain, pleasure, arousal
Memory: long term memory nuclei
Fullness centers (thirst, hunger)

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8
Q

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (hypothalamus)

A

Circadian rhythm

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9
Q

Preoptic nucleus (hypothalamus)

A

Controls body temp

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10
Q

Epithalamus

A

Pineal gland: secretes melatonin; promotes sleepiness and sets biological clock

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11
Q

Cerebrum

A
  1. Conscious thought processes
  2. Memory storage, processing
  3. Regulates skeletal muscle
    Corpus collosum: band of white matter connecting left and right hemispheres
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12
Q

Frontal lobe

A
  1. Voluntary motor functions
  2. Areas for planning, mood, smell, social judgement
  3. Contains Broca’s Area in the left hemisphere, ass. with speech (Broca’s Aphasia)
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13
Q

Parietal lobe

A
  1. Sensory reception and integration of sensory info

2. Touch, pain, and pressure

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14
Q

Occipital lobe

A
  1. Visual center
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15
Q

Temporal lobe

A
  1. Hearing, smell, learning, memory, emotional behavior

2. Contains Wernicke’s Area, ass. with comprehending speech and written language (Wernicke’s Aphasia)

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16
Q

Cerebral white matter

A

Projection tract: Form internal capsule extending from brain to spinal cord
Commissural tract: crosses hemispheres (Corpus Collosum)
Association tract: Connect to diff. regions of one hemisphere together

17
Q

Colliculus (abs of midbrain)

A

Tectum (4): corpora quadrigemina ‘complex’
Superior Colliculus: tracks moving objects
Inferior Colliculus: reflex turning head to sound

A&P 1 (5 decks)

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