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Brain/Meninges > Brain/Meninges > Flashcards

Brain/Meninges Flashcards

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1
Q

Major Parts of Brain

A

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brainstem (Midbrain, Pons, Medulla)

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2
Q

Falx Cerebri and Corpus Collosum

A

Falx=separates hemispheres of cerebrum vertically

Collosum=connects hemispheres horizontally

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3
Q

Sulcus

A

Groove

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4
Q

Gyri

A

elevation

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5
Q

Lobes

A

Frontal Parietal Occipital Temporal Insula

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6
Q

Longitudinal Cerebral Fissure

A

Separates 2 hemispheres

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7
Q

Lateral Sulcus (of Sylvius)

A

separates temporal and parietal lobes

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8
Q

Vermis

A

cerebellum’s corpus collosum equivelant

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9
Q

Two major Arteries Supply Brain

A

Internal Carotid and Vertebral Artery

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10
Q

Basilar Artery

A

Where the vertebral arteries unite (lower border of pons)

-lies in medial groove of pons

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11
Q

Anterior Inferior cerebellar arteries

A

One of the branches of the basilar artery

  • spring from lower part of basilar
  • run laterally along surface of pons to supply inferior surface of cerebellum
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12
Q

Pontine Arteries

A

4-5 slender twigs travel laterally from basilar to pons

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13
Q

Superior cerebellar arteries

A

spring from basilar close to its termination

-ramify on upper surface of cerebellum

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14
Q

Posterior Cerebral Arteries

A

Terminal branches of basilar

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15
Q

Internal Carotid Artery

A

enter skull through carotid canal and inside skull give raise to branches

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16
Q

Posterior Communicating

A

branch of internal carotid

-occasional seen to arise from middle cerebral

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17
Q

Middle cerebral

A

branch of internal

18
Q

Anterior cerebral

A

branch of internal

19
Q

Anterior Communicating artery

A

2 anterior cerebral arteries are joined by this artery and then enter the median longitudinal fissure

20
Q

Circle of Willis

A

Cerebral Arterial Circle

21
Q

Three layers of Cranial Meninges

A

Dura Mater-tough outer layer
Arachnoid Mater- thin transparent, avasular layer between the pia and dur
Pia Mater- attached to outer surface of brain, vascular layer

22
Q

Dura Mater

A

External Periosteal Layer= endocranium formed by periosteum

Internal Meningeal Layer=strong layer continuos with foramen magnum of spinal dura

23
Q

Falx Cerebri

A

Longitudinal fissure of dura

  • extends from crista galli of ethmoid bone to internal occipital protuberance
  • posterior end it joins w/ upper part of tentorium cerebelli hold up tentorium like a tent
24
Q

Tantorium Cerebelli

A

-Partly separates occipital lobe from cerebellum
Attachments:
-anteriorly: clinoid process of sphenoid bone
-laterally: petrous part of temporal bone
-posteriorly: occipital bone
Anterior border is free and allows spinal cord to pass through

25
Q

Falx Cerebelli

A

partly separates cerebellar hemispheres
attached to occipital bone
-small vertical dural fold in posterior part of posterior cranial fossa

26
Q

Diaphragm Sellae

A

Circular sheet of dura

  • suspended between anterior and posterior clinoid processes of the sphenoid bone
  • forms a roof over hypophyseal fossa
  • allows hypophyseal stalk to go through
27
Q

Dural Venous Sinuses

A

Contain blood

  • endothelial lined spaces between the periosteal and meningeal layers of dura
  • large veins from around brain empty here
  • Venous blood coursing the sinuses leave skull at jugular foramen draining into internal jugular vein at jugular bulb
28
Q

Superior Sagittal sinus

A

upper border of falx cerebri

  • starts at crista galli
  • ends at confluence of sinuses
29
Q

Confluence of Sinuses

A

located at internal occipital protuberance

-dilated junction for superior sagital, straight, occipital and transverse sinuses

30
Q

Inferior sagittal sinus

A

located in the inferior free edge of falx cerebri

-ends in free part of tentorium cerebelli by emptying into straight sinus

31
Q

Straight Sinus

A

located at junction of falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli

-drains into confluence

32
Q

Transverse Sinuses

A

Right ad left are continuation of superior and straight sinuses respectively
-follow grood for transverse sinus and end at the petrous bone to become the sigmoid sinus

33
Q

Sigmoid SInuses

A

s-shaped groove in bone and empty at jugular foramen

34
Q

Occipital Sinus

A

lies in attached border of falx cerebelli

-empties at confluence

35
Q

Cavernous Sinuses

A

bilateral sides of sella turcica (middle part of sphenoid)

-receives blood from superior and inferior opthalmic veins and sphenoparietal sinus

36
Q

Sphenoparietal Sinuses

A

small sinuses that course along lesser wing

37
Q

Superior petrosal sinuses

A

stretch bewtween cavernous and transverse sinuses

38
Q

Inferior petrosal sinuses

A

commence at cavernous sinus and drain into the jugular foramen

39
Q

Emissary Veins

A

connect dural venous sinuses with veins of outside skull

40
Q

Arachnoid Granulations

A

Place for CSF to escape from subarachnoid space into superior sagittal sinus
-consist of arachnoid villi that have one way valves

41
Q

Blood Supply to Meninges

A

Menigeal arteries

-middle menigeal artery enters skull through foramen spinosus to supply dura

42
Q

Nerve supply

A

Largely CN V
-some CN X and XII
Dura very sensitive to pain resulting from pressure changes

Brain/Meninges (1 decks)

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