Brain Functions Flashcards
1
Q
Forebrain
A
- Thalamus
- Hypothalamus
- Cerebral Cortex
2
Q
FOREBRAIN: Thalamus
A
- Relay station for all sensory pathways
(except smell) - Receives impulses from whole body, then sends to cortex
3
Q
FOREBRAIN: Hypothalamus
A
- Highest centre of integration for body processes
- Regulates:
- Metabolism, Temperature, Water
Balance, Sweating, Blood pressure,
Sleeping & Appetite.
- Metabolism, Temperature, Water
4
Q
FOREBRAIN: Cerebral Cortex
A
- Controls many cognitive functions, like:
- Thinking, Planning and Integration of
sensations
- Thinking, Planning and Integration of
- Located towards top & front of brain
- Largest & most complex part of brain
5
Q
Hindbrain
A
- Located at base of brain, serves as neural relay station and responsible for control of survival functions such as:
- Heart rate, Breathing, Sleeping, Reflex
Actions (coughing, swallowing, vomiting)
- Heart rate, Breathing, Sleeping, Reflex
- Consists of Pons, Medulla Oblongata &
Cerebellum
6
Q
HINDBRAIN: Pons
A
- Connects cerebellum with spinal cord and
motor areas of cortex
7
Q
HINDBRAIN: Medulla (Oblangata)
A
- Main line of traffic for nerves ascending
from spinal cord and descending from
higher centres of brain - At base, fibres may cross over to other side
8
Q
HINDBRAIN: Functions of Medulla (Oblangata)
A
- Contains nuclei which:
- Maintain regular rhythms of heartbeat,
Control Diaphragm, Constrict or Dilate
blood vessels, control swallowing
- Maintain regular rhythms of heartbeat,
9
Q
HINDBRAIN: Cerebellum
A
- 2 deeply folded hemispheres with a grey
exterior and interior of white tracts - Responsible for smooth coordination of
complex movements
10
Q
HINDBRAIN: Functions of Cerebellum
A
- Receives sensory input from balance
centres of ears, muscles, tendons, joints - Info received relates to balance, posture,
equilibrium
11
Q
Midbrain
A
- Controls motor reactions and involved in
many reflex responses, - Connected to Hindbrain and Forebrain by
reticular formation
12
Q
MIDBRAIN: Functions of Reticular Formation
A
- Sits on top of brainstem and under the
cerebral hemispheres - Connects Midbrain to both the Forebrain
and Hindbrain
13
Q
Brocas Area
A
- Located in left frontal lobe of brain
- Controls muscles responsible for production of articulate speech
14
Q
Brocas Aphasia
A
- Damage to Brocas Area
- Person would struggle to form words but could still comprehend speech
15
Q
Wernickes Area
A
- Located in rear section of left temporal lobe
- Responsible primarily for language comprehension and formulation of meaningful sentences
16
Q
Wernickes Aphasia
A
- Damage to Wernickes Area
- Person would be unable to understand language and formulate coherent, meaningful speech
17
Q
Frontal Lobe
A
- Concerned with higher mental abilities
- Controls voluntary movement
- Thinking and decision making
18
Q
FRONTAL LOBE: Primary motor cortex
A
- Strip of tissue at rear of frontal lobe
- Controls skeletal muscles and thus voluntary movement
19
Q
Parietal Lobe
A
- Receives and processes sensory input such as touch, pressure, heat, cold, and pain
20
Q
PARIETAL LOBE: Primary Sensory Cortex
A
- Processes somatic sensations; detects touch and proprioception from sensory receptors
21
Q
Occipital Lobe
A
- This lobe processes visual stimuli
22
Q
OCCIPITAL LOBE: Primary Visual Cortex
A
- Controls visual functions of eyes: involved in both visual perception and colour recognition
23
Q
Temporal Lobe
A
- Processes auditory information, produces speech (Wernickes) and encodes memory
24
Q
TEMPORAL LOBE: Primary Auditory Cortex
A
- Perceives auditory stimuli and processes it through ears
25
Q
Action Potential
A
A rapid sequence of changes in the voltage across a membrane in a neuron
