Brain disorders and Glial Cells Flashcards
Oligodendrocytes
cells that wrap tightly around axons to form the myelin sheath
Difference between schwann cells and Oligodendrocytes
they are in different places
Microglia
special immune cells found only in the brain that detect damaged neurons
Ependemal cells
form a lining along ventricles and central canal.
Astrocytes
Star shaped glia that hold neurons in place
satellite cells
surround sensory ganglia
they are also parasympathetic
Schwann cell
-PNS
-insulate axons
- forms myelin sheath
Alzheimers description
progressive disorder that causes brain to shrink
Alzheimers cause
genetics, lifestyle, environmental factors
Something scientists noticed about alzheimers in the brain is that the nerve cells in the brain become_________
entangled
Symptoms of alzheimers
Personality changes, memory loss
treatment of alzheimers
there are certain medications that may temporarily improve or slow down the rate of decline
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord.
Multiple Sclerosis causes
- gender
-vitamin D deficiency - damage to myelin sheath
Multiple Sclerosis symptoms
attacks that last days of:
- numbness
- tremors
- vision loss
Multiple Sclerosis treatment
-no cure
- there are therapies that slow down the disease
Fill in the blank: The immune syste attacks and destroys the myelin sheath which interferes with _____ _______
Nerve Impulse
Parkinsons Disease descriptions
disorder in the brain that gives you tremors and lack of coordination
True or false Parkinsons Disease is hereditary
True
Parkinsons Disease cause
Happens when cells in the brain that make dopamine die
Parkinsons Disease Symptoms
-shaking
-tremors
-expressionless face
Parkinsons Disease treatment
-no real treatment
-medication that can increase dopamine levels in the brain
Epilepsy description
Epilepsy is a electrical firestorm of neural activity in the brain
Epilepsy Causes
- unknown for the most part
-said to be from brain injury or stroke
