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Honors Anatomy > Brain and Spinal Cord > Flashcards

Brain and Spinal Cord Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the Frontal Lobe?

A

Anterior of the brain

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2
Q

Frontal lobe controls:

A

Speech formation and comprehension, Memory, Logical and emotional responses, Sensation interpretation, Voluntary movement

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3
Q

What is Broca’s area?

A

Portion of the brain that allows actual motor formation of words

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4
Q

Where is the parietal lobe?

A

Center of skull

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5
Q

Parietal lobe controls:

A

Somatic senses, Interpretation of sensory input, Recognition of pain, coldness, and light touches

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6
Q

Where is the occipital lobe?

A

Posterior of the skull

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7
Q

Occipital lobe controls:

A

Interpretation of some of the special senses, particularly sight

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8
Q

Where are the temporal lobes?

A

Inferior portion of the skull

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9
Q

Temporal lobes control:

A

Reception and interpretation of sound, Reception and interpretation of smell

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10
Q

Where is the brain stem?

A

Under the brain

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11
Q

Brain stem controls:

A

Blood pressure, Breathing rate

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12
Q

What is the brain stem?

A

Pathway for ascending and descending neural tracts

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13
Q

Where is the diencephalon?

A

Above the brainstem, interior of brain

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14
Q

Diencephalon controls:

A

Hormones, Crude recognitions, Regulation of temperature, water balance, and metabolism, Visceral senses

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15
Q

Where is the cerebellum?

A

Under the temporal lobes

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16
Q

Cerebellum controls:

A

Precise skeletal muscle timing and activity, Equilibrium of the body

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17
Q

What are meninges?

A

Tough, three layer membrane that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Protect CNS from abrasive damage and circulate csf.

18
Q

What is the dura mater?

A

Attaches to the skull

19
Q

What is the pia mater?

A

Attaches to the brain and spinal cord

20
Q

What is the arachnoid mater?

A

Connects the two

21
Q

What is CSF?

A

Watery substance derived from blood plasma
Contains nutrients and ions essential to the health of the brain and spinal cord. CSF also provides extra cushioning

22
Q

Where is the CSF?

A

Circulates in the subarachnoid space – space under the arachnoid mater, but above the pia mater

23
Q

What is the spinal cord?

A

A continuation of the brain, a two way information pathway. About 17 inches long and ends at second lumbar vertebra. This is where we do a spinal tap. 31 pairs of spinal nerves come off the spinal cord

24
Q

What are cranial nerves?

A

12 pairs total, Each serves a different part of the cranium or throat, Only the vagus nerves extend down into the thoracic and abdominal cavities

25
Q

Cranial Nerve I

A

Olfactory: Solely for smell sensation

26
Q

Cranial Nerve II

A

Optic: Solely for sight sensation

27
Q

Cranial Nerve III

A

Oculomotor: Moves the eye and controls pupil

28
Q

Cranial Nerve IV

A

Trochlear: Moves the eye

29
Q

Cranial Nerve V

A

Trigeminal: Sensation of facial skin, mucosa of mouth & nose, activates chewing muscles

30
Q

Cranial Nerve VI

A

Abducens: Rolls eye laterally

31
Q

Cranial Nerve VII

A

Facial: Controls muscles of facial expression, lacrimal, and salivary glands, carries taste impulses

32
Q

Cranial Nerve VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear: Vestibular branch controls balance, cochlear branch transmits impulses for hearing

33
Q

Cranial Nerve IX

A

Glossopharyngeal: promote swallowing and saliva production, carries taste sensation

34
Q

Cranial Nerve X

A

Vagus: Control pharynx, larynx, abdominal, and thoracic viscera

35
Q

Cranial Nerve XI

A

Accessory: Control sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

36
Q

Cranial Nerve XII

A

Hypoglossal: Control the tongue, carries impulses from the tongue

37
Q

What are nerve plexes?

A

Network of nerves that arises from a certain set of vertebra and serves a certain area of the body.

38
Q

Cervical: C1 – C5

A

Major Nerve: Phrenic – controls diaphragm

39
Q

Brachial: C5 – T1

A

Major Nerves:
Axillary – controls deltoid
Radial – controls triceps
Median – controls forearm flexor muscles and some hand muscles
Musculocutaneous – controls arm flexors
Ulnar – controls wrist and hand muscles

40
Q

Lumbar: L1 – L4

A

Major Nerves:
Femoral – controls lower abdomen, buttocks, anterior thighs
Obturator – Controls adductor muscles, small hip muscles

41
Q

Sacral: L4 – S4

A

Major Nerves:
Sciatic – (largest nerve in the body), lower trunk, posterior surface of leg and thigh
Common fibular – lateral aspect of leg and foot
Tibial – posterior aspect of leg and foot
Superior and inferior gluteal – gluteal muscles of hip

Honors Anatomy (4 decks)

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