brain and skull questions Flashcards
Name two ways that concussion can occur.
Contact- direct blow to head
Non-contact: impact deceleration of the brain
What is the difference between coup and contrecoup?
Coup: an injury that occurs on the same side of the brain as the impact.
Countercoup: an injury that occurs on the opposite side of the brain where the impact.
What is the name of the tool used to assess a concussion?
SCAT-6
Name 5 symptoms that are related to a concussion.
Headache
Pressure in head
Neck pain
Nausea or vomiting
Dizziness
Blurred vision
Balance problems
Sensitivity to light/noise
What do concussions cause within the brain? What is happening structurally in the brain when a concussion occurs?
When axon connections break due to a direct blow or impact deceleration
What is second impact syndrome?
An athlete sustains a second concussion before the first concussion has properly healed, causing rapid and severe brain swelling and often catastrophic results.
Name one stance used in the mBESS and two errors that can be found in balance testing.
feet together (eyes closed)
Errors: eyes opening, step, stumble, or fall
Washington State was the first to enact concussion legislation in the U.S. What is the name of the law that was enacted?
Zackery Lystedt Law
How can we prevent SIS in athletics?
Not returning to play too early.
Name two S/S of skull fractures?
skull indentation
raccoon eyes
battle sign
What is the difference between epidural hematoma and subdural hematoma?
Epidural hematomas involve a tear of the meningeal arteries that make the bleeding occur more rapidly, subdural hematomas involve the tearing of vessels which make the bleeding occur slower.
Describe what the return to learn protocol is and why we have it?
RTL: a student can return to learn at their own pace without stressing their mind out too much in class.
What is post concussion syndrome?
When a person continues to have their concussion symptoms last for longer than expected.
Describe what the return to play protocol is and why we have it?
RTP: an athlete can return to play to their sport safety without risk of hurting themselves.
How many steps are in the RTP protocol and what are they?
6 steps
