Brain and CNS/PNS Flashcards
Label this picture
where is an epidural administered?
When administering an epidural, the needle is inserted into the space between the vertebrae and dura mater.
where is a lumbar puncture administered
When performing a lumbar puncture, the needle is inserted into the space between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater.
Label this picture
which direction to ventral rootlets carry information
away (afferent)
which nerve rootlets carry efferent information
dorsal
what sort of nerves are efferent
sensory
what sort of nerves are afferent
motor
how many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31
what is there just above the cauda equina
conus medullaris - termination of the spinal cord
what is the thin thread which holds the spinal nerves in place from the conus medullaris to C1 called
filum terminale
what is the name of the area at the base of the skull where the spinal cord starts?
foramen magnum
Why are there two well-defined enlargements along the length of the spinal cord?
they provide innervation to the limbs
Where on the hand would you test dermatome C8?
little finger
what are the two divisions of the autonomic NS
sympathetic and parasympathetic
where do the parasympathetic nerves emerge?
brainstem and s2-s4
where do the sympathetic nerves emerge?
t1-l2
label these sutures
what is the suture at the back of the head called?
sagittal
name the bones of the neurocranium
frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, ethnoid
which is the only synovial joint of the skull
temporomandibular joint
what is the proper name of the cheekbone. which two bones make it
zygomatic arch
zygomatic and temporal
what bones make the bridge of your nose
nasal bones
which is the thin wedge bone behind your nose
vomer
which bones are at the back of the hard palate (behind the maxilla)
palatine bones
what are the little bones at the medial part of the orbit
lacrimal bone
what is the xiphoid process
sticking out bit of bone at the bottom of the body of the sternum
label this picture
what are the little holes at the sides of cervical vertebrae called? What are they for
transverse foramina, passage of vertebral arteries which supply the brain
which spinous processes are bifid?
cervical
what is the sticking up bit on the axis called
dens
what’s a defining feature of thoracic vertebrae
articulate with ribs
which vertebrae look a bit like a giraffe’s face from the posterior aspect
thoracic
