Brain and Behavior

Question 1

Central Nervous System

Answer 1

brain and spinal cord

Question 2

Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 2

Somatic / Autonomic → Sympathetic / Parasympathetic

Question 3

Somatic

Answer 3

Controls skeletal muscles

Question 4

Autonomic

Answer 4

Regulates involuntary bodily functions

Question 5

Sympathetic

Answer 5

Arousal and stress

Question 6

Parasympathetic

Answer 6

Returns body to resting state

Question 7

Neurogenesis

Answer 7

Neurons are created from neural stem cells in the brain

Question 8

Prenatal Brain Development

Answer 8

1. By 3 weeks, a primitive neural tube of stem cells has formed
2. The neural stem cells divide and multiply - producing neurons and glial cells
3. Top of the neural tube becomes hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain

Question 9

Synaptogenesis

Question 10

Birth to 3 years

Answer 10

Branching ‘neural networks’ enable walking, talking, and remembering

Question 11

3 to 6 years

Answer 11

Frontal lobes develop enable rational planning

Question 12

6 to 13 years

Answer 12

Association areas in the cortex proliferate enriching thinking, memory, language, and reading skills; Frontal lobe allows for executive functions

Question 13

When does development of the brain end?

Answer 13

21 years

Question 14

Hindbrain

Answer 14

Becomes brain stem/cerebellum

Question 15

Midbrain

Answer 15

becomes origins of reward pathway

Question 16

Forebrain

Answer 16

Becomes more developed forebrain

Question 17

Brainstem

Answer 17

Contains the medulla, pons, and midbrain

Question 18

Medulla

Answer 18

1. Controls heart rate and blood pressure
2. Controls reflexes such as vomiting, sneezing, and coughing
3. Physically connects with the spinal cord

Question 19

Pons

Answer 19

1. Upper portion of brain stem
2. Helps regulate respiratory functions
3. Helps coordinate basic motor control and balance
4. Receives sensory input such as auditory and pain signals

Question 20

Cerebellum

Answer 20

1. Little Brian - Dense structure
2. Helps coordinate and fine tune motor activity, complex motor functions
3. Procedural memories
4. Act on ‘auto-pilot’ when the skills are used

Question 21

Procedural Memories

Answer 21

Learn new complex motor skills via practice

Question 22

Huntington’s disease and Motor control

Answer 22

Impacts the cerebellum and the Basal ganglia

Question 23

What does the Limbic system include?

Answer 23

HATCH: Hippocampus, Amygdala, Thalamus, Cerebral cortex. Hypothalamus

Question 24

Limbic system

Answer 24

A system of brain structures that plays a major role in emotional processing and memory control, adapt and respond efficiently

Question 25

Thalamus

Question 26

Hypothalamus

Question 27

Hippocampus

Question 28

Amygdala

Question 29

Video on Fear Processing

Question 30

Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC)

Question 31

Cerebral cortex

Question 32

Lobes of Cerebral Cortex

Answer 32

Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal

Question 33

Frontal Lobe

Answer 33

Primary motor cortex

Question 34

Temporal Lobe

Answer 34

Auditory and language comprehension

Question 35

Parietal Lobe

Answer 35

Touch/Sensory

Question 36

Occipital Lobe

Answer 36

Visual

Question 37

Phantom Limb Sensation

Question 38

The Upside Down Brain