Brain anatomy Flashcards
Frontal Lobe
Cognitive ability, decision-making
Occipital Lobe
Visual perception
Temporal Lobe
Audio perception, face recognition
Parietal Lobe
Integrate sensory and motor functions
Amygdala
Long term declarative memory, fight or flight, emotion
Thalamus
Relays signal from CNS to nervous system
Hypothalamus
Endocrine, visceral, emotional, sexual functions through pituitary gland
Limbic structures
Memory, modulation of hypothalamic functions and emotion
Midbrain
Fine motor functions, such as blinking, reflexes, coordinate sensory output
Cranial nerve: III, IV
Basal ganglia
Coordinate complex movements
Cerebellum
Coordinate movements and motor learning
Pons
Breathing and posture, also governs sleep and arousal
Cranial nerve: V, VI, VII
Medulla
Contain spinal cord and control basic functions (respiratory and cardiac centres)
Cranial nerve: VIII, IX, X, XII
Inhibitory neurons
Loop back to previous segment by hyperpolarizing the dendrite membrane (making it more negative)
Excitatory neurons
Relay signal fowards by depolarising the dendrite membrane (less negative)
Dendrites
Collect signals
Axons
Send signals
Glia
Homeostasis for neurons
Hippocampus
Long term memory
Prefrontal cortex
Decision making, long term memory
Long-term potentiation
Increase number of glutamate receptors due to learning and memory
Co-contraction
Contraction of antagonist and agonist
Insula
Sense of disgust and pain
Periaqueductal gray
Stress and pain
