Brain Flashcards
Processes causing long term changes in synaptic strength
Long term potentiation (LTP)
Long term depression ( LDP)
AMPA and NMDA receptors are known as
Memory molecules
How can LTP be expressed
More receptors
More efficient receptors
How is LTD expressed
Reduction in efficiency of AMPA receptors
Reduction in number of AMPA receptors
Where is working memory locatied
Frontal and parietal lobes
Skill learning is located in (2 structures)
Basal ganglia and cerebellum
emotional learning is associated with:
Amygdala
Episodic memory and semantic memories are located in
Mamillary bodies, thalamus, hippocampus
StructureS associated with episodic memory
Perirhinal cortex
Hippocampus
Where are place cells located
Hippocampus
When do place cells fire action potentials
When an animal explores a FAMILIAR place
What is the HPA axis
Hypothalamus controls
Pituitary gland hormones
Which act on adrenal glands
What is the stress hormone
Cortisol
What is the love hormone
Oxycotin
What does cortisol immediately do?
Proteins are broken down for fuel
Raises blood sugar and fatty acids
HELPS adrenaline raise BP
Long term effect of cortisol
Turn off hippocampus (not to waste on complex learning)
Then on amygdala (learn from fear)
What cause most response to disease and infection?
Cytokines
What is the normal pattern of sleep controlled by
Small group of cells
Above hypothalamus
Above optic chiasm
SUPRECHIASMATIC NUCLEUS
What does SWS stand for
Slow wave sleep
What does REM stand for
Rapid eye movement
How does PET work
Radioactive tracers are attached to glucose
Ring of detectors detech timing and position of gamma emitted
Can be used to map cerebral blood flow
How does MRI work
Magnetic properties of oxyhaemoglobin and deoxygenated haemoglobin in blood
V4
Color processing
V5
Motion processing
Primary areas of visual cortex
V1 and V2
