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Brain Bee 2020 > Brain > Flashcards

Brain Flashcards

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The Brain flashcards
1
Q

Processes causing long term changes in synaptic strength

A

Long term potentiation (LTP)

Long term depression ( LDP)

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2
Q

AMPA and NMDA receptors are known as

A

Memory molecules

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3
Q

How can LTP be expressed

A

More receptors

More efficient receptors

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4
Q

How is LTD expressed

A

Reduction in efficiency of AMPA receptors

Reduction in number of AMPA receptors

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5
Q

Where is working memory locatied

A

Frontal and parietal lobes

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6
Q

Skill learning is located in (2 structures)

A

Basal ganglia and cerebellum

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7
Q

emotional learning is associated with:

A

Amygdala

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8
Q

Episodic memory and semantic memories are located in

A

Mamillary bodies, thalamus, hippocampus

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9
Q

StructureS associated with episodic memory

A

Perirhinal cortex

Hippocampus

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10
Q

Where are place cells located

A

Hippocampus

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11
Q

When do place cells fire action potentials

A

When an animal explores a FAMILIAR place

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12
Q

What is the HPA axis

A

Hypothalamus controls

Pituitary gland hormones

Which act on adrenal glands

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13
Q

What is the stress hormone

A

Cortisol

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14
Q

What is the love hormone

A

Oxycotin

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15
Q

What does cortisol immediately do?

A

Proteins are broken down for fuel

Raises blood sugar and fatty acids

HELPS adrenaline raise BP

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16
Q

Long term effect of cortisol

A

Turn off hippocampus (not to waste on complex learning)

Then on amygdala (learn from fear)

17
Q

What cause most response to disease and infection?

A

Cytokines

18
Q

What is the normal pattern of sleep controlled by

A

Small group of cells

Above hypothalamus

Above optic chiasm

SUPRECHIASMATIC NUCLEUS

19
Q

What does SWS stand for

A

Slow wave sleep

20
Q

What does REM stand for

A

Rapid eye movement

21
Q

How does PET work

A

Radioactive tracers are attached to glucose

Ring of detectors detech timing and position of gamma emitted

Can be used to map cerebral blood flow

22
Q

How does MRI work

A

Magnetic properties of oxyhaemoglobin and deoxygenated haemoglobin in blood

23
Q

V4

A

Color processing

24
Q

V5

A

Motion processing

25
Q

Primary areas of visual cortex

A

V1 and V2

Brain Bee 2020 (1 decks)

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