Brain

Question 1

Respiratory and cardiac centers, autonomics, CN 5-12

Answer 1

medulla and pons

Question 2

reflexes to light and sound, proximal flexor relay, motoric relay, CN 3 and 4

Answer 2

midbrain

Question 3

relay station, sensory fibers, pulvinar region = intergration of sensory information

Answer 3

thalamus

Question 4

thalamus: sensory from face

Answer 4

VPM

ventral posteromedial

Question 5

thalamus: sensory from arms and legs

Answer 5

VPL

ventral posterolateral

Question 6

thalamus: sensory from eyes

Answer 6

lateral geniculate

Question 7

thalamus: sensory from ears

Answer 7

medial geniculate

Question 8

intellect and assocation

Answer 8

cerebrum

Question 9

cerebrum: localization “somesthetic cortex”
broadman 1,2,3
problem solving

Answer 9

parietal lobe

Question 10

cerebrum: vision

broadman 17

Answer 10

occipital

Question 11

cerebrum: superior lobe

hearing

Answer 11

temporal

Question 12

cerebrum: inferior

long term memory, smell

Answer 12

temporal

Question 13

hippocampal cells

Answer 13

memory

Question 14

parahippocampal cells

Answer 14

smell

Question 15

cerebrum: junction of parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes
sensory matching
interpretation

Answer 15

wernicke’s area

Question 16

how is wernicke’s area destroyed

Answer 16

B1/thiamine def. due to alcoholism

causes: sensory aphasia, cant understand language

Question 17

cerebrum: voluntary motor
precentral gyrus
broadman 4,4s,6
corticospinal tracts

Answer 17

frontal lobe

Question 18

broca’s speech area in inferior frontal lobe on left and broadman’s 44 receive blood supply from where

Answer 18

middle cerebral artery

motor aphasia

Question 19

associated with amygdala

pleasure or pain

Answer 19

limbic system

Question 20

inhibits thalamus, provides background muscle tone

Answer 20

basal ganglia

Question 21

pill rolling tremor, mask like face
forward stoop posture
shuffling propulsive gate
inclusion bodies - lewy bodies

Answer 21

parkinson’s dz
due to:
decreased dopamine from substantia nigra in midbrain

Question 22

secretes GABA

Answer 22

caudate

Question 23

putamen + caudate

Answer 23

striatum

Question 24

globus pallidus + putamen

Answer 24

lentiform

Question 25

hunger, thirst, temp regulation, sex, rage, fear

Answer 25

hypothalamus

Question 26

balance, equilibrium, involuntary coordination, unconscious proprioception

Answer 26

cerebellum

Question 27

quiet, meditative

disappear in sleep

Answer 27

alpha waves

Question 28

intense mental activity

REM sleep

Answer 28

beta waves

Question 29

deep sleep or coma

ARAS ascending reticular activating system = wakes up the cortex

Answer 29

delta waves

Question 30

normal in children, abnormal in adults (stress, suicide)

2nd-3rd stage of sleep

Answer 30

theta waves

Question 31

cerebrum fibers:

connect same hemipshere from frontal to temporal

Answer 31

association

Question 32

cerebrum fibers:

connect L to R brain

Answer 32

commissural

Question 33

cerebrum fibers:

connect up and down both directions

Answer 33

projection

Question 34

blood brain barrier

stores glucose

Answer 34

astroycytes + tight capillary beds

Question 35

macrophages

Answer 35

microglia

Question 36

line ventricles, CSF

Answer 36

ependymal cells

Question 37

myelin in CNS

Answer 37

oligodendrocytes

derived from neural tube

Question 38

demyelinization of CNS

Answer 38

MS

Question 39

myelin in PNS

Answer 39

schwann cells

derived from neural crest

Question 40

demyelinization of PNS

Answer 40

guillian barre = ascending polyradiculopathy

Question 41

allows peristalsis

Answer 41

meissner’s (mucosal) and auerbach’s (muscular) plexuses

derived from neural crest

Question 42

inhibit alpha motor neuron, (-) feedback

Answer 42

renshaw cells