Brain:

Question 1

What does the hindbrain, the posterior part of the brain, consist?

Answer 1

The medulla, the pons, and the cerebellum

Question 2

What forms the brainstem?

Answer 2

The medulla, pons, midbrain, and certain central structures of the forebrain.

Question 3

The medulla controls several reflexes through _______.

Answer 3

the cranial nerves

Question 4

A set of 12 nerves that carry sensory and motor information to the head.

Answer 4

cranial nerves

Question 5

The medulla connects to the ______ and the ________.

Answer 5

head and organs

Question 6

What are abundant in the medulla?

Answer 6

Opiate receptors

Question 7

Latin for “bridge”, is a brain structure located anterior and ventral to the medulla in the hindbrain.

Answer 7

Pons

Question 8

The pons contains ________ for several cranial nerves.
It connects _______ from one side of the brain to the other.

Answer 8

nuclei
axons

Question 9

Lie in both the pons and medulla. Both systems affect attention and arousal.

Answer 9

Reticular Formation
Raphe System

Question 10

Organizes sensory information guiding movement and plays a role in functions beyond balance and coordination - shifting attention between auditory and visual stimuli.

Answer 10

Cerebellum

Question 11

Damage to the cerebellum can lead to difficulties in tasks requiring ________ ________.

Answer 11

attention shifts

Question 12

Cerebellum is essential for judging timing, certain types of _______ and _________.

Answer 12

learning
conditioning

Question 13

It contributes to motor readiness through a ________ pathway originating from the substantial nigra in the midbrain.

Answer 13

dopamine-containing

Question 14

It is situated in the middle of the brain and is more prominent in reptiles, amphibians, and fish.

Answer 14

the midbrain

Question 15

What is the roof of the brain?

Answer 15

Tectum

Question 16

The swellings on each side are the vision and hearing.

Answer 16

the superior colliculus
the inferior colliculus

Question 17

Below the tectum lies the _______, an intermediate level of the midbrain.

Answer 17

tegmentum

Question 18

In the midbrain, it gives rise to a dopamine-containing pathway that facilitates movement readiness.

Answer 18

Substantia nigra

Question 19

-
-

Answer 19

sensory processing
timing judgment
learning and conditioning

Question 20

The most prominent part of the mammalian brain consists of two cerebral hemispheres organized to receive sensory information, control muscles, and interact with the spinal cord and cranial nerve nuclei.

Answer 20

The forebrain

Question 21

The forebrain’s outer portion is the________

Answer 21

cerebral cortex

Question 22

Name the 7 subcortical areas below the cortex.

Answer 22

Limbic system
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Pituitary Gland
Basal Ganglia
Basal Forebrain
Hippocampus

Question 23

_________ is involved in motivation and emotional behaviors, playing a key role in _________ and _________ responses.

Answer 23

Limbic system
memory
emotional

Question 24

The limbic system comprises the _______ bulb, hy_______, hi__________, am________, and ci________ gyrus.

Answer 24

olfactory
hypothalamus
hippocampus
amygdala
cingulate

Question 25

The limbic system is essential for regulating behaviors related to ________.

Answer 25

survival

Question 26

_________: Along with the hypothalamus, forms the _________

Answer 26

thalamus diencephalon

Question 27

The thalamus is the main source of information to the cerebral cortex, processing most sensory information. True or false.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

The olfactory information is included in the thalamus. True or False

Answer 28

False

Question 29

The thalamus is important for relaying sensory signals and regulating consciousness and sleep-wake cycles. True or False

Answer 29

True

Question 30

It is an endocrine (hormone-producing) gland attached to the base of the hypothalamus in the forebrain.

Answer 30

Pituitary gland

Question 31

It receives messages from the hypothalamus to produce hormones.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

What is the role of the pituitary gland?

Answer 32

body's hormonal balance and overall physiological functions

Question 33

A group of subcortical structures including the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus.

Answer 33

Basal ganglia

Question 34

These subcortical structures are crucial for motor ______ and ________. Deterioration of the basal ganglia leads to Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease.

Answer 34

control coordination

Question 35

Structures in the _____ surface of the forebrain, such as the nucleus basalis.

Answer 35

Basal forebrain dorsal

Question 36

A key component of the brain's arousal system regulates _______ and ______.

Answer 36

wakefulness attention

Question 37

A region that plays a key role in the formation and storage of new memories.

Answer 37

hippocampus

Question 38

It is located in the _____ ______ lobe and is involved in various cognitive functions related to memory and spatial navigation.

Answer 38

medial temporal lobe