Brain

Question 1

Hindbrain

1st in note, oldest part according to evolutionist

Answer 1

primitive part of brain.
provides basic life support.
control basic processes as respiration, heart rate, and the coordination of muscle movements.
damage here seriously affect organism to survive.

Question 2

pons and medulla (parts of Hindbrain) hint: involuntary

Answer 2

associate with control of heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, and reflexes.

Question 3

pons

Answer 3

the bridge between spinal cord and brain

Question 4

Frontal lobe

Answer 4

located in front of parietal lobe. Responsible for reasoning, logic and speech production.

Question 5

reticular formation (part of Hindbrain)

Answer 5

a network of neurons and nerves. Linked to control of general arousal, sleep, and consciousness.

Question 6

Cerebellum (called small version of brain)

Answer 6

involved in preparation of COMPLEX MOTOR MOVEMENTS such as play piano, gulf, etc. located at base of brain.

Question 7

Midbrain

Answer 7

Middle portion of brain.
Receives input from multiple sources
(like sense organs).

Superior to Hindbrain.

Question 8

superior & inferior colliculus (parts of Midbrain)

Answer 8

relay stations for visual and auditory information. It help coordinate reactions to sensory events in environment.

Question 9

Substantia nigra

Answer 9

group of neurons in Midbrain. Release dopamines.

Question 10

Forebrain

Answer 10

outer portion of the brain, including the cerebral cortex and the structures of the limbic system.

Question 11

Cerebral cortex

Answer 11

outer layer of brain. Considered as seat of higher mental processes. 80% of total brain volume of human.

Question 12

Thalamus (in Forebrain)

Answer 12

important gathering point for input of senses.

Located beneath cerebral cortex.

Question 13

Hypothalamus

Answer 13

important in motivation; regulation of eating, drinking, and sexual behavior. Located just below thalamus.

Question 14

Limbic system

Answer 14

a system of structures thought to be involved in motivational and emotional behaviors(the amygdala) and memory(the hippocampus).

Question 15

amygdala (means almond in Greek; part of Limbic system)

Answer 15

a small, almond shaped piece.

Linked to number of motivational and emotional behaviors(including fear, aggression, and defensive actions).

Question 16

people with damaged amygdala sometimes have difficulties in . . .

Answer 16

recognizing emotions like sadness in facial expressions.

Question 17

hippocampus (means seahorse in Greek; part of Limbic system)

Answer 17

important for formation of memories(personal events).

Question 18

people with severely damaged hippocampus would not be able to . . .

Answer 18

remember almost nothing new.

Question 19

Cerebral cortex (divided into left & right hemispheres)

Answer 19

Higher mental processes (thoughts, sense of self, ability to reason, solving problems.)

Question 20

each hemispheres of Cerebral cortex is divided into FOUR lobes . . .

Answer 20

frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital.

Question 21

Frontal lobes (largest lobe)

Answer 21

In charge of planning and coordinating voluntary behavior and decision making.

Question 22

damage in Frontal lobe can lead to . . .

Answer 22

withdrawal from social world, ignoring of friends and relatives, and a refusal to do much of anything.

Question 23

Frontal lobes contain Mortor Cortex, which controls . .

Answer 23

Mortor cortex controls voluntary muscle movements, as well as areas involved in language production.

Question 24

(portion of Mortor cortex) Broca’s area

Answer 24

involved in speech production

Question 25

(portion of Mortor cortex) mirror neurons

Answer 25

may play important role in empathy and our ability to take the perspectives of others.

Question 26

Parietal lobe

Answer 26

involved in processing auditory information received from ears.
Located roughly on top middle portion of the brain.

Question 27

(region in Temporal lobe) Wernicke’s area

Answer 27

involved in language comprehension (understanding)

Question 28

damage to Wernicke’s area . . .

Answer 28

not able to understand words. but still able to repeat a spoken sentence perfectly.

Question 29

Occipital lobe

Answer 29

most visual processing occurs. Located far back in brain.