Brachium, Elbow, and antebrachium

Question 1

Where would a proximal humeral fracture occur and what would it affect?

Answer 1

surgical neck
axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery

Question 2

what are the ligaments of the elbow joint?

Answer 2

radial and ulnar collateral ligament
interosseous membrane
annular ligament of radius

Question 3

what is the orientation of the radius and ulna during supination and pronation?

Answer 3

supination: radius and ulna are parallel
pronation: radius crosses over ulna

Question 4

what are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the brachium and what is their innervation?

Answer 4

Biceps Brachii (long head and short head), brachialis, coracobrachialis
musculocutaneous

Question 5

what are the muscles of the posterior compartment of the brachium and what is their innervation?

Answer 5

Triceps (long head, lateral head, medial head)
radial n.

Question 6

what is the proximal and distal attachment of the biceps brachii?

Answer 6

proximal: LH- supraglenoid tubercle
SH- coracoid process
distal: LH- radial tuberosity
SH- bicipital aponeurosis

Question 7

what is the proximal and distal attachment of the coracobrachialis?

Answer 7

proximal: coracoid process
distal: medial humerus mid shaft

Question 8

what is the proximal and distal attachment of the brachialis?

Answer 8

proximal: distal shaft of humerus
distal: coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity

Question 9

what is the proximal and distal attachment of the triceps?

Answer 9

proximal: long head: infraglenoid tubercle
lateral head: superior to radial groove
medial head: distal posterior surface of humerus
distal: olecranon process

Question 10

what runs in the radial groove?

Answer 10

radial n. and deep brachial a.

Question 11

what will be injured in a mid humeral shaft fracture?

Answer 11

radial n.

Question 12

what are the boundaries and contents of the cubital fossa?

Answer 12

lateral wall: medial brachioradialis
medial wall: lateral pronator teres
superior edge: transepicondylar line
floor: brachialis proximally, biceps distally
roof: bicipital aponeurosis
Contents: radial n., biceps tendon, brachial a., median n.

Question 13

what are the muscles in the superficial layer of the antebrachium and what is their innervation?

Answer 13

pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris
median n. EXCEPT for flexor carpi ulnaris (ulnar n.)

Question 14

what are the muscles in the intermediate layer of the antebrachium and what is their innervation?

Answer 14

flexor digitorum superficialis
median n.

Question 15

what are the muscles in the deep layer of the antebrachium and what is their innervation?

Answer 15

flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus, pronator quadratus
median (anterior interosseus) EXCEPT for flexor digitorum profundus (ulnar n.)

Question 16

what are the contents of the carpal tunnel?

Answer 16

median n.
4 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis
4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
flexor pollicis longus tendon

Question 17

what are the muscles in the posterior superficial layer of the antebrachium and what is their innervation?

Answer 17

anconeous, brachioradialis, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digiti minimi, extensor digitorum, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
radial n.

Question 18

what are the muscles in the posterior deep layer of the antebrachium and what is their innervation?

Answer 18

extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis, ABDuctor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, supinator
posterior interosseus EXCEPT for supinator