Brachial plexus Flashcards
Formed by Of
Anterior primary rami of C5 thru T1. Also(C4 T2)
Brachial Plexus supplies?
Upper extremities
Travels laterally over …..
Rib 1 into the axilla
Roots combine to form
Trunks
Trunks divide into….
Divisions
Divisions combine to form
Cords
Cords divide into…..
Terminal nerves
Each root receives a From
Gray ramus communicans from sympathetic trunk. Passes between ant and middle scalene into posterior triangle.
Roots of C5 and C6 combine to form
Superior Trunk
Roots of C7 stays alone to become
Middle Trunk
Roots of C8 and T1 combine to form
Inferior Trunk
Each trunk splits into what two divisions?
Ant and post divisions
Anterior and posterior divisions supply what?
Ant division supplies anterior compartments, posterior division supplies posterior compartment of arm and middle forearm.
Cords named for relationship to axillary artery?
Lateral, medial, posterior cords
The lateral cord is formed by the
Anterior division of the superior and middle trunks
The lateral cord contains fibers from?
C5,C6 C7
The lateral cord lies lateral to what?
Second part of axillary trunk
The medial cord is formed by the?
Anterior division of the inferior trunk
The medial cord contains fibers from?
C8 T1
The medial cord lies medial to what?
Second part of axillary artery
The posterior cord is formed by?
Union of the posterior division of all three trunks
The posterior cord contains fibers from?
C5 C6 C7 C8 T1
The posterior cord lies posterior to what?
Second part of the axillary artery
What are the nerves formed from roots of brachial plexus?
Dorsal scapular and long thoracic
The dorsal scapular nerve branches off of what root?
C5 root
The dorsal scapular nerve contains fibers from?
C5
What muscles are supplied by the dorsal scapular nerve?
Levator scapula, rhomboid major and minor
The levator scapula receives fibers from?
C3 C4 C5
The long thoracic nerve is formed from what roots?
C5 C6 C7
The long thoracic nerve contains fibers from?
C5 C6 C7
The long thoracic never supplies what muscles?
Serratus anterior
What nerves branch off the superior trunk of the brachial plexus?
Suprascapular and subclavius
The suprascapular contains fiber from?
C5 C6
Th suprascapular supplies what muscles?
Supraspinatus infraspinatus
The nerve to the subclavius contains from?
C5 C6
THe subclavius supplies what muscle?
Subclavius
What are the nerves branching off the lateral cord of the brachial plexus?
Lateral pectoral, musculocutaneous
The lateral pectoral contains fibers from?
C5 C6 C7
The lateral pectoral nerve supplies what muscleS?
Pectoralis major
The Pectoralis major receives innervation from what nerves?
Medial and lateral pectoral nerve
The musculocutaneous nerve contains fibers from?
C5 C6 C7
The musculocutaneous nerve supplies what muscles?
Coracobrachialis, biceps brachii(long and short), brachialis
The musculocutaneous nerve travels between the biceps brachii and brachialis into the forearm to become the?
Lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm which supplies skin over lateral aspect of forearm, not the hand!
What are the nerves off the medial cord of the brachial plexus?
Medial pectoral, medial cutaneous of forearm, medial cutaneous of the arm, ulnar, median
The median pectoral nerve contains what fibers?
C8 T1
What muscles the medial pectoral nerve does this nerve supply?
Pectoralis major and minor
The medial cutaneous nerve to the arm contains what fibers?
C8 T1
The medial cutaneous nerve of the arm supplies what muscles?
Ratifies in the axilla and supplies the skin of the medial arm between the axilla and the elbow
The medial cutaneous nerve of the arm receives some fibers from T2 through a communication from what nerve?
Intercostobrachial nerve
The medial cutaneous outs nerve of the forarm contains fibers from?
C8 T1
The medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm leaves ……. Just……. To medial cutaneous nerve of the arm
Medial cord just distal
The medial cutaneous nerve supplies what muscles?
Skin over biceps brachii and skin over ant and medial aspects of forearm distal to the wrist.
The ulnar nerve is not a terminal branch of the medial cord
False
The ulnar nerve contains fibers from?
C8 T1 sometimes C7
The ulnar nerve travels medial to what artery?
Brachial artery in the medial bicipital sulcus
The ulnar nerve gives no branches in the arm
True
The ulnar nerve crosses the elbow on the posterior side of the?
Medial epicondyle in the sulcus for the ulnar nerve
The ulnar nerve is easily palpated here
Funny bone
The ulnar nerve continues into the forearm between the?
Flexor carpi ulnaris
The ulnar nerve innervated what muscles?
Flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus
The ulnar nerve gives off two sensory branches?
Dorsal branch supplies ulnar side of the posterior hand
Palmer branch supplies skin over hypothenar eminence.
Travels deep to the flexor carpi ulnaris to the wrist, passes superficial to the flexor retinaculum and divides into two branches?
Superficial which divides into three terminal branches( proper palmer branches) that supply palmer aspect of the little finger and medial half of the ring finger
Deep branch in the hand curves towards the the bar eminence and supplies the abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digiti minimi, abductor pollicis, deep head of the flexor pollicis brevis, all interossei (dorsal and palmar), lumbricals 3 and 4
What is the name for ulnar paralysis?
Claw hand
The median nerve contributes from what cords?
Medial and lateral cord
The median nerve contains fibers from?
C6, C7, C8 T1
The median nerve travels thru the arm in the?
Medial bicipital sulcus
The median branch gives off branches
False
The median nerve crosses elbow on the anterior side and enters the forearm after passing between?
Pronator teres
The median nerve innervates five muscles in the forearm?
Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, Pronator quadratus by the way of the anterior interosseous nerve of the forearm
The palmer branch of the median nerve is given off the?
Distal one third of the forearm
The palmer branch of the median nerve supples?
The skin over the thenar eminence, lateral wrist and palm
The median nerve passes through what? to divide into what nerve?
Capal tunnel, common palmar digital nerves
The palmer digital nerves supply?
Two lumbricals muscles
The first common palmer digital nerve supplies?
Abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis( superficial head), opponens pollicis
Each common palmer digital nerve splits into two proper palmar digital nerves
True
Proper palmer nerves supply what?
Sensory function only to the skin over lateral three and half digits
The median nerve supplies?
Periosteum, elbow, radiocarpal, midcarpal joints, and communicates with ulnar nerve at the wrist.
What are the branches off the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?
Superior subscapular nerve, thoracodorsal nerve, inferior subscapular, axillary, radial
The superior subscapular nerve contains fibers from?
C5 C6
The superior subscapular nerve supplies what muscles?
Subscapularis
The thoracodorsal nerve contains fibers from?
C6 C7 C8
The thoracodorsal nerve travels along the posterior axillary wall to supply the?
Latissimus dorsi
The inferior subscapular nerve contains fibers from?
C5 C6
The inferior subscapular supplies?
Subscapularis and teres major
The axillary nerve contains fibers from?
C5 C6
The axillary nerve travels posteriorly around what?
Of the surgical neck of the humerus
The axillary nerve supplies the?
Deltoid and teres minor
At the same level that the branch to the teres minor is given off, there is a sensory branch called?
Superior lateral cutaneous nerve to the arm
The superior lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm supplies the skin over?
Lateral shoulder and upper arm
The radial nerve contains fibers from?
C5 C6 C7 C8 sometimes T1
The radial nerve supplies what muscles?
All the muscles in the posterior compartment of the arm and forearm
The radial nerve spirals around the posterior of humerus from the medial bicipital sulcus
True
The radial nerve passes into the forearm on the anterior side of the slow after traveling btw brachialis and brachioradialis
True
The radial nerve divides into what branches ar the level of the radial head?
Superficial branch which follows brachioradialis to distal third of forearm from where it travels btw brachioradialis and radius to posterior surface of hand
Deep branch penetrates the supinator muscle gives off branches to supply posterior forearm muscle.
The deep branch of the radial nerve terminates at what nerve?
Posterior interosseous nerve
The posterior interests sepia nerve branches off the upper arm and supplies what?
Skin on posterior side of the upper arm
The inferior lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm branches off the raidial in the middle arm
True
The muscular branches off in the arm will supply?
Three heads of triceps brachii, anconeus by way of a branch off the medial head of triceps
The posterior cutaneous nerve of the forearm is given off the upper arm and supplies?
Narrow area of skin on lateral side of posterior forearm
What branches given off at the level of the lateral epicondyle supplies?
Brachioradialis and extensor carpi radialis longus
Once in the forearm the radial nerve splits into deep and superficial branches.
True
The superficial ranch travels to hand gives off what nerve?
Dorsal Digital nerve
The dorsal nerve supplies sensory info to?
Radial side posterior thumb, extensor side of thumb, extensor side proximal phalanges of digits two three, lateral half extensor side ring finger
Th superficial branch also gives off?
Communicating branch with the ulnar nerve
The deep branch gives off branches to the following forearm muscles?
Extensor carpi radialis brevis, supinator, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis
The posterior interosseous nerve is the terminal branch of the deep branch of the radial nerve it supplies?
Extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis
The radial nerve sends articular branches to the?
Shoulder and wrist
