BP3-women Flashcards
What was the impact of WW1 on women?
-WW1 gave them a chance to work while their husbands were at war. They were always paid less than men.
-Once the war ended, the men returned and the women were fired.
What was the 19th amendment?
Passed to allow women to vote.
When was the league of womens voters set up?
1920
What was the league of womens voters?
Set up to conduct the equivalent of civil rights and encourage women to vote.
Just after the 19th Amendment was passed did a lot of women vote?
No, especially poorer women and black women.
What were the 1920s nicknamed?
The roaring twenties
Why were the 1920s known as the roaring twenties?
-An economic boom meant people were better off than ever before due to mass production which made consumer goods cheaper and hire purchase made things easier to buy.
After ww1, what were peoples attitudes to women in the workplace?
Many people believed women’s war work was an exception and women should not take mens work away. Especially those women who were married.
When was the womens bureau of labour set up?
1920
What was the womens bureau of labor for?
Aimed to improve womens working conditions and campaign for the wider employment of women.
Between 1910 and 1940, the number of working women rose from _ to _.
7.6 million to 13 million
What were flappers?
Young women who made the most of their independence.
e.g They cut their hair short, wore short dresses, smoked and drank in public and drove their own cars. They behaved like young men and some even went to male-dominated sporting events e.g boxing without a male escort.
Impact of flappers.
-Some people were shocked by flappers assuming that they allowed themselves sexual freedom.
-Flappers shifted public perceptions of women though the lifestyle did not last long once they married.
Impact of the great depression on women.
-If husbands kept their jobs, married women managed or looked for work to supplement their husbands income.
-The Womens’s Bureau was largely ignored within the Bureau of labor due to its focus on women.
-Those in work were luckier than those who were forced to apply for relief programmes (if their state had any).
What did Muller v Oregon rule?
Women’s working hours should be no longer than ten hours a day.
When was Muller v Oregon?
1908
Impact of Muller V Oregon.
-Restricting working hours meant that some women were forced to break the rules or lose their jobs as places such as meat-packing plants often required workers to work over ten hours a day.
-Some women felt this was hindering their progress.
Impact of the New Deal on women.
-The New Deal’s Aid For Families with Dependent Children provided some benefits for the poorest families but as a rule, men came first.
E.g the Civilian Conservation Corps found work for young men aged 17-23. They lived in army-run camps replanting trees and digging reservoirs. 2.5 million men were employed.
-Black Americans benefitted less from the New Deal as they were edged out of jobs by white Americans. Even when employed, black women earned less.
-However, FDR did introduce women into the government. E.g Francis Perkins became the Secretary of Labour in Roosevelt’s government which was the first time a woman had reached such a high level.
-FDR appointed twenty-two women to senior administrative posts-previously predominantly filled by men.
For every dollar a white man earned, a white woman earned __ cents and a black women earned ___ cents at the time of the new deal.
61
23
What was eleanor roosevelts female version of the CCC?
Camp tera
When was the 19th ammendment?
1920
Who made sure that the New Deal also provided work camps for women?
Eleanor roosevelt
Limitations of eleanor roosevelts work camps.
-they did not provide work or wages
-their training was in things such as budget management. 1936-36 camps.
What was the housewives league in detroit?
Fannie Peck set up the Housewives League in Detroit in 1930 which encouraged local women to shop in black-run stores. They soon spread to other towns and did help local people on a small scale.
Impact of WW2 on women.
-Women again did men’s work well and this changed attitudes.
-The iconic image of Rosie Riveter rolling her sleeve up on a well-muscled arm saying ‘we can do it’ was the most famous of many posters encouraging women to do war work.
What was set up in 1940 which prepared to draft men into the war and how did this benefit women?
The Selective training and Service Act prepared to draft men into the military and train women to fill their places in shipbuilding and aircraft assembly.
What issue did women face in the early 1940s and how was this helped by the government?
Childcare.
The 1941 Lanhams act childcare provision was extended.
This increased the percentage of married women in the workplace.
What did the rosie riveter iconic image say and what message did it provide women?
It showed her rolling her sleeve up on a well-muscled arm saying ‘we can do it’ and it encouraged women to do war work.
