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PDR > BP, AMH, PH > Flashcards

BP, AMH, PH Flashcards

1
Q

C/b turbulence in the bld flow d/t compression of the artery

A

Korotkoff

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2
Q

Faint clear tapping
Gradual increase intensity

SYSTOLIC PRESSURE

A

Phase 1

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3
Q

Softening

Swishing

A

Phase 2

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4
Q

The return of louder sounds

A

Phase 3

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5
Q

Muffling

A

Phase 4

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6
Q

Complete disappearance

DIASTOLIC

A

Phase 5

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7
Q

Cardiac output

A

SV

HR

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8
Q

Peripheral resistance

A

Vascular structure

Vascular fxn

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9
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

Increase resistance

High BP

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10
Q

Increase blood viscosity

- inc hct (PCV)

A

High BP

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11
Q

Increased rigidity of arterial wall (atherosclerosis)

A

High BP

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12
Q

75% sensitivity and specificity

A

Aneroid or Hg BP cuff

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13
Q

Optimal pt positioning, cuff size, placement
Device calibration
Multiple and confirmatory measurements

A

Automated oscillometric

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14
Q

85% sensitivity, 62% specificity

Detects WCH (20%) and masked hypertension (10%)

A

Home BP monitoring

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15
Q

Gold std
24 hr ave bp

Changes in nocturnal BP
Expensive

A

Ambulatory BP monitoring

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16
Q

Brachial artery

BELOW HEART LVL

A

High BP

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17
Q

Slow and repetitive inflations of cuff

A

Venous congestion = low sys, high di

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18
Q

Normal JNC 8/7

A

S: <120
D: <80

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19
Q

Pre hypertension

A

S: 120-139
D: 80-89

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20
Q

Stage 1 hypertension
<60
Diabetes/renal dse

A

S: 140-159
D: 90-99

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21
Q

Stage 1 hypertension >60

A

S: 150-159
D: 90-99

22
Q

Isolated hypertension

A

S: >/= 140
D: <90

23
Q

> /= 140/90 medical setting

<135/85 ambulatory reading

A

White coat hypertension (isolated clinic hypertension)

24
Q

<140/90 ofis
>/= 135/85 ambulatory

More serious
Inc risk CVD and end organ damage

A

Masked hypertension

25
Q

Less than 10% fall of BP

>20% rising/fall

A

Nocturnal hypertension

26
Q

Regularly irregular or sporadic

A

Sinus arrhythmia
PVCs
PACs

27
Q

Irregularly irregular

A

Atrial fibrillation

Atrial flutter

28
Q

Recommended grading pulses

A

+3 bounding
+2 normal, brisk
+1 weak, thread, diminished (shock)
0 absent…. ka pirme sang college

29
Q

PR to RR ratio

A

4:1

30
Q

Normal BMI

A

18.5-24.9

31
Q

Overwt

A

25-29.9

32
Q

Set of principles crafted thru reflection and discussion to define right and wrong

A

Ethics

33
Q

First do no harm

Incorrect info, creating barriers

A

Nonmaleficence or primum non nocere

34
Q

Do good for pts

Actions need to be motivated w the pt’s best interest

A

Beneficence

35
Q

Pts have the right to determine what is in their own best interest

Collab not paternalistic

A

Autonomy

36
Q

Building blocks of professional ethics in pt care

A

Nonmaleficence
Beneficence
Autonomy
Confidentiality

37
Q

Tavistock principles

A 
Rights - to healthcare
Balance - pt is central, but population also
Comprehensiveness
Cooperation
Improvement
Safety - do no harm
Openness
38
Q

Obligation to ease suffering, minimize disability, prevent dse and promote health

A

Comprehensiveness

39
Q

Forms of nonverbal communication

A 
Eye contact
Mannerisms
Touch
Gesture
Tone of voice
Posture
40
Q

External manifestations of both px and physician

Includes: dressing manners, hairstyle, social distance

A

Symbolic communication

41
Q

CLUSTEES of active listening skills

A
  1. Listening skills
  2. Leading skills
  3. Reflecting
42
Q

Listening skills cluster

A
  1. 1 attending - greet, eye cont, posture, gesture, verbal w/o interruption
  2. 2 paraphrasing - restate; similar but fewer words
  3. 3 perception checking - clarity what u heard fr pt; interrogative phrasing
43
Q

Leading skills cluster

A
  1. 1 indirect leading - nonverbal and verbal
  2. 2 direct leading - elaborate
  3. 3 focusing - u is confucius, ask 1 prob at a time
  4. 4 questioning - qs
44
Q

Questioning

A

Direct qs
Yes-no qs
Confrontation qs
Probing qs

45
Q

To clarify areas and add detail to the story

E.g name, address

A

Direct qs

46
Q

Qs that start w why

A

Confrontation qs

47
Q

Aside from chuchuchichu

A

Probing

48
Q

Reflecting cluster

A
  1. 1 reflecting feelings - pt is expressing; observe rxns
  2. 2 reflecting content - use of paraphrasing & perception checking
  3. 3 reflecting experience - descriptive feedback that relates broad observations of pt
49
Q

ADULT MHx

A
  • Gen data
  • CC
  • HPI
  • Past hx (childhood illnesses, adult illness [medical, surg, obgyn, psych, accident/injuries], immunization, screening tests)
  • Personal/social hx (work/education, religion, hobbies, home situation, allergy, smoke, alc, exercise, spouse, children)
  • Fam hx (parents, sibs, fam illness)
  • ROS
50
Q

PEDIATRIC HX

A
  • Prenatal hx (mom’s age & OB score, prenatal visits, labs, illness during, drugs taken during, smok/alc)
  • Natal hx (AOG, BR, BW, 4delivery, perinatal compli, duration in nursery)
  • Post natal hx (feeding, growth & dev, immunization)
  • Past medical hx (past ill/hospi, allergies)
  • Fam medical hx (health of parents & sibs, presence of chronic dse, heredofamilial dses)
  • Personal/social hx (ages of parents & their werk, brief description of dwelling place)

PDR (2 decks)

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