Boyd - Finite Rate Chemistry

Question 1

What are the two main types of finite rate processes?

Answer 1

1. Energy exchange between the molecular energy modes.
2. Chemical reactions

Boyd, NEGD, Pg. 118

Question 2

True or False
The energy spacing for the translational and rotational modes is so small that a continuous, classical approach can be used to evaluate partition functions.

Answer 2

True.

Boyd, NEGD, Pg 119

Question 3

True or False
Because the energy spacing for the translational and rotational modes is so small, these energy modes change slowly to changes in the state variables, hence they are usually not in equilibrium

Answer 3

False
The energy modes change rapidly and as a result, they are usually in equilibrium.

Boyd, NEGD, Pg. 119

Question 4

True or False
At room temperature, there is a small amount of vibrational energy and this mode does not participate significantly in thermodynamics.

Answer 4

True

Boyd, NEGD, Pg. 120

Question 5

True or False
At high temperatures, the energy level of the vibrational state approaches that of the rotational mode and therefore becomes an important factor in the thermodynamic state of the system.

Answer 5

True

Boyd, NEGD Pg. 120

Question 6

Describe the role of the equilibrium constant in finite-rate chemistry.

Answer 6

In finite-rate chemistry, the equilibrium constant K plays a critical role in determining the extent to which a chemical reaction proceeds before reaching a state of dynamic equilibrium. At equilibrium, the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, and the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time. The equilibrium constant is defined as the ratio of the concentrations of products to reactants, each raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients.

chatGPT

Question 7

What is a heat bath?

Answer 7

A special situation in which the chemical species of interest is introduced in a very small quantity such as 1% by mole into a bath of inert gas such as argon.

Boyd, NEGD, Pg. 126