Bowing Terms

Question 1

Up bow (V)

Answer 1

Moving tip to frog

Question 2

Down bow

Answer 2

Moving frog to tip

Question 3

Détaché

Answer 3

A primarily connected bow stroke with distinct, separate bows

Question 4

Slur

Answer 4

Connecting more than one note per bow without stopping

Question 5

Staccato

Answer 5

Short, stopped strokes with the bow remaining on the string

Question 6

Spiccato

Answer 6

Stroke with the bow bouncing off the string

Question 7

Portato

Answer 7

Slightly enunciate each note within a slur using bow weight and speed

Question 8

Arco

Answer 8

With the bow

Question 9

Pizzicato

Answer 9

Plucked

Question 10

Martelé

Answer 10

Hammered; heavily accented staccato

Question 11

Tremolo

Answer 11

An effect produced by rapidly alternating down and up bows

Question 12

Staccato volant

Answer 12

Linked spiccato notes in the same direction

Question 13

Ricochet

Answer 13

Thrown/rebound stroke usually in groups of 2 or 3

Question 14

Flautando

Answer 14

Flute-like bowing played near the fingerboard

Question 15

Col legno

Answer 15

The effect produced by striking the string with the stick

Question 16

Sul ponticello

Answer 16

An icy, whistling effect produced by purposely playing too close to the bridge

Question 17

Tenor clef

Answer 17

Used for cello, trombone, bassoon and double bass: middle C is the fourth line from the bottom B

Question 18

Alto clef

Answer 18

Used for viola and trombone to avoid excessive ledger lines: middle C is the center line B

Question 19

Vibrato

Answer 19

Slight variation of pitch by left hand motion used to add warmth

Question 20

What is the name of this year’s All State Orchestra Conductor?

Answer 20

Luis Viquez

Question 21

What are the names of the composers and pieces on this year’s ASO concert?

Answer 21

Overture to La Forza del Desinto - Guiseppe Verdi
Munamiktia - Juan Guerra Gonzalez
Danse Bacchanale (from Samson et Dalila) - Camille saint Saens