Bovine Flashcards
what is the most important disease of young cattle in terms of reduced weight gain and mortality
enzootic pneumonia
what are the 3 factors that determine respriatory disease in calves
stress, calf immunity and pathogens that take advantage of the conditions
what time of year is most likely to have outbreaks of respiratory disease
waning and moving of calves in the autumn
how does enzootic pneumonia affect the future productivity of cattle
2 week delay to calving anf greater than 2% reduction in milk yield and beef cattle will grow slower
name 3 ways in which you can provide calves with a good start in life with minimal disease risk
clean environment, good colostrum and good ventilation
name 4 viruses involved in enzootic pneumonia
para-influenza, bovine respiratory syncytial virus , bovine herpes virus and bovine viral diarrhoea
what are the main types of bacteria that are involved in enzootic pneumonia
mycoplasma and pasteurella
what is the best clinical sign that indicated enzootic pneumonia
febrile - increased rectal temperature
what are 4 differentials for enzootic pneumonia in calves
dictyocaulus viviparous, white muscle disease, salmonellosis, inhalation/aspiration pneumonia
whats the most common cause of heart disease in calves
ventricular septal defect
what are the first line antibiotics used to treat enzootic pneumonia
oxytetracycline, nuflur, resflor
how would you treat enzootic pneumonia
antibiotics, NSAIDs and nursing
what is the virus respnosible for post-housig pneumonia in cows
pasteurellosis
main bacterial pathogens of pneumonia
mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida and histophilus somni
what is bovine rhinotracheitis also known as and how is it spread
bovine herpes virus - respiratory form spread by aerosol
where does herpes virus hide and what promotes reactivation
trigeminal nerve ganglia and corticosteroids
what is bovine farmers lung also known as and what causes it
extrinsic allergic alveolitis - allergic reaction to fungal spores and bacterial antigens - mouldy feed
when is fog fever most likely to affect cattle
soon after turn out onto lush pasture
what is the pathogenesis of fog fever
amino acid i-tryptophan is converted to indole acetic acid and then to 3-methyl indole which is toxic to the cows lungs
what bacteria causes necrotising pneumonia with the smell of rotting flesh in exhaled air
pasteurellosis multocida
what disease is associated with squeaks/crackles all over the both lung fields on ausciltation and lungs being heavier than normal
diffuse fibrosing alveolitis
what disease is associated with sudden death and haemoptysis - found dead in a pool of blood
pulmonary thromboembolism from the caudal vena cava
what is the pathogenesis behind vena cava thrombosis - what can predispose cows to this condition
ruminal acidosis on a hgih carbohydrate diet
fermentation leads to decrease in rumen pH leading to ruminitis
organisms carried to the liver to form liver abscesses
liver opens to vena cavs leading to septic thrombosis of the caudal vena cava
