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French Wine Scholar COPY Donahue > Bourgogne > Flashcards

Bourgogne Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the percentage of wine in Bourgogne that is sold through Négociants ?

A

52%

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2
Q

From north to south what are the 5 subregions in Bourgogne?

A 
Chablis & The Grand Auxerrois
Côte de Nuits
Côte de Beaune
Côte Chalonnaise
Mâconnais
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3
Q

How many regional AOC’s are in Bourgogne and what percentage of total production do they represent?

A

There are 7 regional AOC’s since 2017 with 14 DGC’s within it, representing 52% of total production

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4
Q

How many Village level wines are in Bourgogne and what percentage of total production do they represent?

A

There are 44 Village wine AOC’s representing 36% of total production
These are usually a blend of several vineyards around the Village

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5
Q

How many 1er Cru vineyards are in Bourgogne and what percentage of total production do they represent?

A

There are 640 1er Cru vineyards representing 10% of total production

The name of the village (and vineyard if only from 1 vineyard) and the words premier or 1er Cru will appear on the label

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6
Q

How many Grand Cru vineyards are in Bourgogne and what percentage of total production do they represent?

A

There are 33 Grand Cru vineyards representing 2% of total production

Name of vineyards and the words Grand Cru will appear on the label

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7
Q

What is the primary grape of Chablis?

A

Chardonnay

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8
Q

What are the 2 soil types in Chablis?

A
  1. Kimmeridgean Marl - Chablis Grand Cru AOC & Chablis 1er Cru AOC grown here
  2. Portlandian Marl - Petit Chablis AOC and Chablis AOC grown here
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9
Q

What is the AOC quality pyramid in Chablis?

A
  1. Grand Cru AOC (1 Grand Cru with 7 Climats)
  2. Chablis Premiers Cru AOC (89 Climats)
  3. Chablis AOC & Petit Chablis AOC
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10
Q

Where are the Petit Chablis AOC’s located?

A

On the plains

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11
Q

What are the details on the principle AOCs of the Grand Auxerrois?

A

Located on Portlandian Marl Soil
Production is 67% white and 33% red
Principle AOC’s to know about are Irancy and Saint Bris

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12
Q

Where is the Irancy AOC located?

A

In the Grand Auxerrois
Southwest of Chablis
Produces wine from Pinot Noir, sometimes blended with Cesar

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13
Q

In Chablis, What is unique about the Saint Bris AOC?

A

Located southwest of Chablis

It is the only AOC in Bourgogne making wine from Sauvignon Blanc and Sauvignon Gris

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14
Q

What type of wine is bottled in the Chatillonnais?

A

Top quality Cremant de Bourgogne, incorporating Aligote and Sacy

This region only has Regional bottlings no AOC’s

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15
Q

Where is the Côte de Nuits located?

A

This escarpment is 12 miles long between Dijon and Corgoloin

Most vineyards face east

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16
Q

What are the grapes of the Côte de Nuits?

A

The grapes are Pinot Noir and Chardonnay with some Aligote and Pinot Gris (aka Pinot Beurot)

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17
Q

What is the production like in the Côte de Nuits?

A

Production is 89% red

There are 24 Grand Crus
With Marsannay AOC producing Rosé
and Musigny AOC producing white

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18
Q

What is the only AOC in the Côte de Nuits that produces white wine?

A

Musigny AOC

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19
Q

What are the Villages in the Côte de Nuits Villages?

A

Fixin & Brochon in the north
Premeaux, Comblanchien and Corgoloin in the south

Mostly red

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20
Q

Describe the Côte de Nuits AOC Marsannay…

A

No premier Crus
No Grand Crus
Known for its production of delicate and fruity rose’

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21
Q

How long is the Bourgogne wine region from north to south?

A

140 Miles

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22
Q

What is the climate in Bourgogne?

A

In the north around Chablis it is semi-continental due to the Atlantic

In the middle from the Côte de Nuits to the Côte Challionais it is continental

It changes back to semi-continental in the Maconnais due to the Mediterranean

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23
Q

When did the Romans land in Bourgogne?

A

The 1st century BC

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24
Q

Who took over Bourgogne when the Roman Empire began its decline?

A

The Germanic tribe Burgondes around 450 AD

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25
Q

In Bourgogne, Who were the Valois Dukes?

A

They ruled Bourgogne from the 14th to 15th centuries

Philippe the Bold
John the Fearless
Philippe the Good (he created the Hospice de Beaune & captured Joan d’Arc)
Charles the Bold

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26
Q

What events resulted in major challenges for the Bourgogne wine trade in the 17th to 19th centuries?

A
  1. French Revolution (1789)
  2. High prices compared to other regions
  3. Phylloxera
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27
Q

What are the 5 subregions in Bourgogne?

A 
Chablis & Grand Auxerrois
Côte de Nuits
Côte de Beaune
Côte Chalonnaise 
Mâconnais
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28
Q

What are the major soil types in Bourgogne?

A

Limestone
Marls (limestone-rich clay)
Kimmeridgean Marl

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29
Q

Which subregion in Bourgogne has the youngest soil?

A

Chablis @ 145 million years

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30
Q

What subregion in Bourgogne has the oldest subsoil?

A

Maconnais @ 195 million years

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31
Q

What is the expression of Chardonnay on marl, clay & limestone?

A

Marl - dense, powerful & age-worthy
Clay - structured, earthy & round
Limestone - high acid, minerality & citrus

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32
Q

What is the expression of Pinot Noir on limestone, marl & clay?

A

Limestone - elegant & aromatic
Marl - structured & fruity
Clay - less aromatic, less complex. Need 5-7 years to evolve

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33
Q

What grapes can go into Bourgogne Blanc?

A

Overwhelmingly Chardonnay

Can have some Pinot Blanc and Pinot Gris in the field blend

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34
Q

In Bourgogne what is the synonym for Pinot Gris?

A

Pinot Beurot

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35
Q

What grapes can go into Bourgogne Rouge?

A

Pinot Noir dominates
up to 10% Cesar
up to 30% Gamay
up to 15% white grapes

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36
Q

What grapes go into Bourgogne Rose?

A

Pinot Noir
up to 10% Cesar
up to 15% white grapes

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37
Q

What are the major grapes of Bourgogne?

A

Chardonnay 46% of area under vine

Pinot Noir 36% of area under vine

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38
Q

What goes in the most generic of the AOC’s Bourguignons AOC?

A

Whites - Chardonnay, Aligote, Melon & Sacy
Reds - Pinot Noir & Gamay
No regulations on percentages
Can be grown anywhere including Beaujolais

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39
Q

What is in the Bourgogne blend Bourgogne Pass-Tout-Grains (PTG)?

A

Gamay plus:
At least 33% Pinot Noir or Pinot Liebault &
Up to 15% Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris and Chardonnay

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40
Q

What grapes are in Crémant de Bourgogne?

A 
Sacy
Aligote
Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Cesar
Gamay
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41
Q

What are the parents of the grape Sacy?

A

Gouais Blanc & Pinot

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42
Q

What are the parents of the grape Cesar?

A

Pinot & Gänsfüsser

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43
Q

What is Cremant de Bourgogne “Grand Eminent”?

A 
36 months on the lees
3 months in the cellar after degorgement
Less than 1.5% sugar
Whites: Chardonnay & Pinot Noir
Rosés: Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and up to 20% Gamay
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44
Q

What is Cremant de Bourgogne “Eminent”?

A

24 months on the lees

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45
Q

Where on the slope are the Premier Crus located?

A

At the top

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46
Q

Where on the slope are the Grand Crus located?

A

Mid-Slope

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47
Q

What is the favorite aspect of slopes in Bourgogne?

A

Due East

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48
Q

What are the levels of AOC’s in Bourgogne?

A

Regional AOC’s 7 with 14 DGCs within it
Village level - 44
640 1er Cru Climats
Grand Crus - 33

Total 7+44+33 = 84

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49
Q

Locate these villages: Côte de Beaune or Côte de Nuits -

  1. Puligny-Montrachet
  2. Santenay
  3. Vougeot
A

Puligny-Montrachet - Côte de Beaune
Santenay - Côte de Beaune
Vougeot - Côte de Nuits

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50
Q

What is the compound name for Bourgogne villages?

A

King Philip gave the villages the ability to add the name of their most famous vineyard/grand cru to the name

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51
Q

What are the names of the villages that have compound names that are not Grand Crus?

A 
Nuits-Saint-George > Premier Cru
Pernand-Vergelesses > Premier Cru
Auxey-Duress > Premier Cru
Ladoix-Serrigny > Twin Township
Chorey-/Savigny-les Beaune > Near Beaune
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52
Q

Where are the 33 Grand Crus located in Bourgogne?

A

1 in Chablis (7 Climats)
24 in Côte de Nuits (only 1 white)
8 Côte de Beaune (only 1 red)

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53
Q

What is the name of the 1 white grand cru in the Côte de Nuits?

A

Musigny

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54
Q

What is the name of the 1 red Grand Cru in the Côte de Beaune?

A

Corton

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55
Q 
Where are these Grand Crus Chablis, CdB or CdN?
Chevalier-Montrachet
Le Clos
Corton
Bonnes-Mares
Le Montrachet
Valmur
Chambertin
La Tâche
A 
Chevalier-Montrachet > Côte de Beaune
Le Clos > Chablis
Corton > Côte de Beaune
Bonnes-Mares > Côte de Nuits
Le Montrachet > Côte de Beaune
Valmur > Chablis
Chambertin > Côte de Nuits
La Tâche >  Côte de Nuits
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56
Q

How many Chablis AOC’s are there?

A

3
Chablis Grand Cru
Chablis Premier Cru
Petit Chablis

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57
Q

What grapes are found in Saint Bris AOC?

A

Sauvignon Blanc & Sauvignon Gris

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58
Q

What grapes dominate the wines of Irancy?

A

Pinot Noir with up to 10% Cesar

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59
Q

What is the percentage of red & white in the Côte Chalonnaise?

A

62% red, 38% white

Mostly Pinot Noir

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60
Q

What Côte Chalonnaise AOC is dedicated to Aligote?

A

Bouzeron

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61
Q

What is the white only AOC in the Cote Chalonnaise?

A

Montagny

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62
Q

In the Côte Chalonnaise what AOC is known for Crémant?

A

Rully

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63
Q

Which is the largest subregion in Bourgogne?

A

The Maconnais

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64
Q

What is the most planted grape variety in the Maconnaise?

A

Chardonnay

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65
Q

What is unique about the soils of the Maconnais?

A

The only appearance of granite & schist

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66
Q

Which Maconnais AOC allows Pinot Noir?

A

Macon AOC

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67
Q

What percentage of Maconnais wine is bottled with the regional Macon AOC label?

A

80%

  • Macon (superieur)
  • Macon-Villages
  • Macon-Named Village
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68
Q

How are most whites in Macon Labeled?

A

Most are labeled Macon-Villages or Macon+Named Villages (26)

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69
Q

How are most red & rosés labeled in Macon?

A

Reds are labeled Macon (superieur) or Macon+Named Village (20)
NO Macon-Villages

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70
Q

What type of wine does Pouilly-Fuisse make?

A

White only, it is located at the foot of the Rock of Soulte

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71
Q

Which AOC in the Maconnais was once part of Beaujolais?

A

Saint Veran

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72
Q

What is the newest AOC in the Maconnais?

A

Viré-Clessé

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73
Q 
Locate these villages..
Mercurey
Montagny
Marsannay
Pouilly-Fuissé
Bougros
Nuits-Saint-Georges
A

Mercurey - Côte Chalonnaise, mostly red
Montagny - Côte Chalonnaise, whites only
Marsannay - Côte de Nuits, known for rose’
Pouilly-Fuissé- Mâconnais, Chardonnay
Bougros - Chablis, Grand Cru, Chardonnay
Nuits-Saint-Georges - Côte de Nuits, mostly Pinot Noir

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74
Q

Which village is home to 9 Grand Crus?

A

Gevrey

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75
Q

What grapes are primary in Bourgogne?

A

Overwhelmingly
Red grapes are Pinot Noir
White grapes are Chardonnay

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76
Q

What 4 rivers enabled Bourgogne to be on the major trade route between the Celtic Tribes and the Romans?

A

Saone
Rhône
Loire
Seine

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77
Q

When did many of the most famous vineyards in Bourgogne get named and delineated?

A

During the dark ages when the monasteries dominated

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78
Q

Who was the largest landowner in Bourgogne until the French Revolution?

A

The Benedictine Abbey of Cluny founded in 909 AD near Macon

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79
Q

Where are the Dukes of Bourgogne buried?

A

The Cistercian Abbey of Citeaux between Dijon and Beaune

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80
Q

Who were the 4 Dukes of Bourgogne?

A 
They ruled the Duchy of Bourgogne, they were
Philippe the Bold (1363-1404)
John the Fearless (1404-1419)
Philippe the Good (1419-1467)
Charles the Bold (1467-1477)
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81
Q

What was Philippe the Bold famous for?

A

He outlawed the growing of Gamay in the Côte d’Or

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82
Q

What was John the Fearless famous for?

A

He successfully petitioned King Charles VI to issue an edict fixing the zone of production for Bourgogne from Sens to Macon in 1416

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83
Q

What is Philippe the Good known for?

A

He created a charity hospital the Hospice de Beaune for all people

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84
Q

What happened by the 17th century as Bourgogne’s golden age ended?

A

Wine from Bourgogne was 10 times more expensive so only the richest could afford it
The nobility began building Chateaus on the Loire, drinking wines from there instead

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85
Q

What happened to Bourgogne during the French Revolution of 1789?

A

Church lands were confiscated and redistributed to the farmers
The great domains were broken up, only a few monopoles survived

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86
Q

What impact did the Napoleonic Code of 1804 have on Bourgogne?

A

It mandated that inheritable property be divided equally among siblings
This resulted in fractionalization of the vineyards

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87
Q

What was the result of Phylloxera?

A

It significantly reduced the area under vine
Economic activity took a downturn
Population declined and the area lost its dynamic momentum

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88
Q

What did King Louis-Philippe do to begin the modern era in Bourgogne?

A

He granted Gevrey the right to append its most famous vineyard to the name of the village
Gevrey became Gevrey-Chambertin
Other villages followed suit

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89
Q

What are the exceptions to the village and most famous vineyard naming convention?

A 
Volnay - Only Premier Cru
Meursault - Only Premier Cru
Pommard - Only Premier Cru
Nuits-Saint-Georges - Only a Premier Cru
Ladoix-Serrigny - Two adjacent towns
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90
Q

What are the red and white wine production percentages in Bourgogne?

A

66% white

34% red

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91
Q

How long is Bourgogne and where is it located?

A

Located in eastern France just west of The Jura

It is 140 miles long from north to south

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92
Q

What percentage of France’s AOCs are in Bourgogne?

A

About 20%, roughly 100 out of 500+

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93
Q

From north to south what are the 5 subregions of Bourgogne?

A
  1. Chablis & Grand Auxerrois
  2. Côte de Nuit
  3. Côte de Beaune
  4. Côte Chalonnaise
  5. Maconnais
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94
Q

What is the climate of Bourgogne?

A

In the north and south it is semi-continental due to the Atlantic in the north and the Mediterranean in the south
In the middle it is continental

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95
Q

What is the soil and topography of Bourgogne?

A

It is part of the Saone Graben opposite The Jura

Soils are Marl plus colluvial soils from the rain driven slope wash and alluvial soils deposited by the Saone River

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96
Q

Where are most of the vineyards in Bourgogne planted?

A

On Slopes
Mid-slope is the best, followed by the top slope and then the bottom
The best slope aspect is east

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97
Q

Where is the oldest and youngest soils in Bourgogne?

A

Oldest is in the Maconnaise the youngest is in Chablis

All are sedimentary sitting on top of a granite massif that surfaces in Beaujolais

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98
Q

A clay limestone mixture is known as?

A

Marl

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99
Q

T or F? The Côte-d’Or is the western uplift of the Saone Graben..

A

True

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100
Q

The southernmost sub-region of Bourgogne is?

A

The Maconnais

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101
Q

T or F? The soils of Bourgogne are sedimentary in nature?

A

True

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102
Q

What is the most prized portion of the slope in Bourgogne?

A

Mid-slope

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103
Q

Bourgogne’s colluvial soils are formed by?

A

Erosion

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104
Q

Where in Bourgogne will you find granite and schist?

A

The Maconnais

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105
Q

In Bourgogne, a named parcel of land is often called a?

A

Climat

106
Q 
Locate these villages:
Gevrey-Chambertin
Chambolle-Musigny
Pommard
Volnay
Alox-Corton
A 
Gevrey-Chambertin > Côte de Nuits
Chambolle-Musigny > Côte de Nuits
Pommard > Côte de Beaune
Volnay > Côte de Beaune
Aloxe-Corton > Côte de Beaune
107
Q

What is the wine production in the Côte Chalonnaise?

A

62% Red & 38% white

Wide variety of red, white, rosé & sparkling

108
Q

What is the newest AOC village in the Maconnaise?

A

Viré-Clessé

109
Q

What AOC in the Mâconnais was once part of Beaujolais?

A

Saint-Véran

110
Q

What percentage of the Maconnaise is planted to Chardonnay?

A

85%

111
Q

What are the grapes and soils of the Maconnais?

A 
Grapes:
* Chardonnay
* Aligote
* Pinot Noir
* Gamay
Soil
Limestone and marl
Granite & schist - this is the only place in Bourgogne this soil makes an appearance
112
Q

What is the largest of the 5 Bourgogne subregions?

A

The Maconnaise

113
Q

What are the principle AOC villages in the Côte Chalonnaise?

A

Bouzeron - No ranked Crus known for Aligote
Rully - 23 Premiers Crus, known for Crémant
Mercurey - 31 Premiers Crus mostly red
Givry - 26 Premiers Crus mostly red
Montagny - 49 Premiers Crus, white only

114
Q

What are the grapes and soil in the Côte Chalonnaise?

A 
Grapes:
* Chardonnay
* Aligote in the Bouzeron AOC
* Pinot Noir
* Gamay in Côteaux Bourguignons AOC and Passe-Tout-Grains (PTG)
Soils are sedimentary
Limestone and marl
115
Q

Where is Bonnes Mares located?

A

Côte de Nuits

116
Q

Where is Musigny Grand Cru located?

A

Côte de Nuits

117
Q

Where is Corton Grand Cru located?

A

Côte de Beaune

118
Q

Where is Clos de Vougeot Grand Cru located?

A

Côte de Nuits

119
Q

Where is Saint Denis Grand Cru located?

A

Côte de Nuits

120
Q

Where is Montrachet Grand Cru located?

A

Côte de Beaune

121
Q

Where is Bougros Grand Cru located?

A

Grand Auxerrois, Chablis, Chatillonnais

122
Q

Where is Vaudesir Grand Cru located?

A

Grand Auxerrois, Chablis, Chatillonnais

123
Q

Where is the town of Marsannay located?

A

Côte de Nuits

124
Q

Where is the town of Meursault located?

A

Côte de Beaune

125
Q

Where is the town of Monthelie located?

A

Côte de Beaune

126
Q

Where is the village of Nuits-Saint-Georges located?

A

Côte de Nuits

127
Q

Where is the village of Saint-Aubin located?

A

Côte de Beaune

128
Q

Where is the village of Saint Bris located…

A

Chablis, Grand Auxerrois

129
Q

Where is the village of Gevrey located…

A

Côte de Nuits

130
Q

Describe the Cote de Beaune AOC of Maranges…

A

7 Premier Crus
No Grand Crus
Southernmost AOC in the Côte de Beaune

131
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Santennay…

A

11 Premiers Crus
No Grand Cru
Most of the AOC and its 1er Crus are red

132
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Saint Aubin…

A

16 Premiers Crus
No Grand Crus
61% white, 39% red

133
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Chassagne-Montrachet…

A

19 Premiers Crus
3 Grand Crus
Grand Crus of Montrachet + Batard-Montrachet are shared with Puligny

134
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Puligny-Montrachet…

A

17 Premiers Crus
4 Grand Crus
Predominantly white

135
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Saint Romain…

A

No Premier Crus
No Grand Crus
62% white and 38% red
At high elevation so the wines are lean, chiseled and crisp

136
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Meursault…

A

18 Premiers Crus
No Grand Crus
90% is white and 1/3 is Premier Cru
It lies in a broad coomb

137
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Auxey-Duresses…

A

9 Premiers Crus
No Grand Crus
1/2 point on the Côte de Beaune
Makes tight lean wine

138
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Monthelie…

A

15 Premiers Crus
No Grand Crus
Vineyards are clustered around a coomb so soils are alluvial deposits
Very little white is produced

139
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Volnay…

A

29 Premiers Crus
No Grand Crus
Only red wine
45% of its production is 1er Cru

140
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Pommard…

A

28 Premiers Crus
No Grand Crus
Only red wine

141
Q

What are the 2 ancillary grapes of Bourgogne?

A

Aligote

Gamay

142
Q

What are the 2 primary grapes of Bourgogne?

A

Chardonnay

Pinot Noir

143
Q

Describe Chardonnay in Bourgogne…

A
  1. It is a Pinot x Gouais cross
  2. Likes limestone & limestone-rich marls
  3. Early budding, early ripening & productive
  4. Ripens to high sugar and extract levels
144
Q

Describe Pinot Noir in Bourgogne…

A

Prefers cooler climates
Likes limestone & limestone rich marls
Early budding & early ripening
Aromatic, good acidity, moderate tannins, moderate to light in color

145
Q

What is the Côte de Beaunes southernmost village?

A

Maranges

146
Q

What was Philip the Bold’s contribution to Burgundian winemaking?

A

He outlawed Gamay in the Côte-d’Or

147
Q

What Bourgogne village makes wines from 100% Aligoté?

A

Bouzeron in the Côte Chalonnaise

148
Q

What 2 grapes are typically blended together to produce Passe-Tout-Grains?

A

Pinot Noir & Gamay

149
Q

What is the primary soil type of the Chablis and Petit Chablis AOC’s?

A

Portlandian Marl

150
Q

What Côte Chalonnaise village is known for Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

Rully

151
Q

Does Bourgogne produce more red or white wine?

A

66% white

34% red

152
Q

What are the 7 Climats of the Chablis Grand Cru AOC?

A
  1. Bougros
  2. Les Clos
  3. Grenouilles
  4. Blanchot
  5. Les Preuses
  6. Valmur
  7. Vaudesir
153
Q

What Bourgogne commune was one part of Beaujolais?

A

Saint-Véran in the Mâconnais

154
Q

What are the 3 AOC’s of Chablis?

A
  1. Chablis Grand Cru AOC
  2. Chablis AOC
  3. Petit Chablis AOC

Note: the Chablis Premier Cru’s fall under the Chablis AOC

155
Q

What is the primary grape of the Maconnais?

A

Chardonnay

156
Q

What is the only Grand Cru in the Côte de Beaune for red wine?

A

The Corton Grand Cru AOC makes red wine in addition to the white wine

157
Q

White style of wine can be made in the Mâcon-Villages AOC

A

Dry whites only

158
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Beaune…

A

42 Premiers Crus
no Grand Crus
Mostly red wine of substantial tannic grip,
2/3 of which are 1er Cru

159
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Savigny-les-Beaune…

A

22 Premiers Crus
No Grand Crus
Most of the production is red

160
Q

What is the synonym for Pinot Gris in Bourgogne?

A

Pinot Beurot

161
Q

What is the primary soil type of the Côte de Nuits?

A

Limestone and Limestone-rich marls

162
Q

What type of soil does Pinot Noir prefer?

A

Limestone and limestone-rich marls

163
Q

What Grand Cru in the Côte de Nuits is shared between Morey-Saint-Denis and Chambolle-Musigny?

A

Bonnes Mares

164
Q

Where do Premier Crus fit in Bourgognes quality pyramid?

A

The Premier Crus are incorporated into the Village AOC category as Climats

165
Q

What area of Bourgogne is known for Kimmeridgean Marl soils?

A

The Grand and Premier Cru Vineyards of Chablis

166
Q

What is the climate of Chablis?

A

Continental with Maritime (Atlantic) influences

167
Q

What Côte Chalonnaise AOC produces only white wines?

A

Montagny

168
Q

Gamay is a cross between?

A

Gouais Blanc & Pinot

169
Q

What is the difference between Crémant de Bourgogne “Eminent” and “Grand Eminent”

A

Eminent:
The wines must age for 24 Months Sur Lie

Grand Eminent:
The wines must age for 36 months Sur Lie
Plus 3 month in the cellar between disgorgement and release
1.5% sugar max

170
Q

What are the names of the 3 villages in the Côte de Beaune that share the Corton Grand Cru?

A

Ladoix Serrigny
Aloxe-Corton
Pernand Vergelesses

171
Q

For what style of wine is the Châtillonnais best known for?

A

Crémant de Bourgogne

Châtillonnais borders Champagnes Côte de Bar

172
Q

What Bourgogne AOC produces wines from Sauvignon Blanc?

A

The Saint Bris AOC in the Grand Auxerrois?

173
Q

What is the Northernmost Commune in the Côte de Nuits?

A

Marsannay

174
Q

What is marl?

A

It is a mixture of limestone and clay

175
Q

What village is home to the Clos de Tart and Clos de la Roche Grand Crus?

A

Morey-Saint-Denis in the Côte de Nuits

176
Q

What is the vinous flagship of the Mâconnais?

A

Pouilly-Fuissé

177
Q

What area is known for its perfumed Aligote?

A

Bouzeron

178
Q

What is Le Bon Problème?

A

Global Warming

179
Q

What kind of marl is in the Chablis Grand Cru and Premier Cru vineyards?

A

Kimmeridgean Marl

180
Q

What kind of marl is in the Chablis and Petit Chablis vineyards?

A

Portlandian Marl

181
Q

What Bourgogne village is known for its dry fruity rosé?

A

Marsannay

182
Q

What is Passe-Tout-Grains?

A

It is a Pinot Noir & Gamay blend

183
Q

Most Burgundian Grand Crus are found on what part of the slope?

A

Mid-Slope

184
Q

What are the dominant soil types in the Côte-d’Or?

A

Limestone, clay & marl

185
Q

How many Burgundian AOC’s are there?

A

84

186
Q

How many Grand Crus AOC’s are there in Bourgogne?

A

33

187
Q

How many Premier Crus Climats are there in Bourgogne?

A

640

188
Q

How many regional AOC’s are there in Bourgogne?

A

7 since 2017, 23 before that

189
Q

Describe the Côte de Nuits AOC Fixin..

A

6 Premiers Crus
No Grand Crus
Well structured, robust, earthy reds with firm tannins, perfect for cellaring

190
Q

What is a Climat?

A

A named parcel of land in Bourgogne

191
Q

What type of soil is preferred by Chardonnay?

A

Marl

192
Q

What 2 Côte de Beaune villages produce only red wine?

A

Pommard & Volnay

193
Q

What Côte de Nuits villages have no Grand Cru’s?

A

Marsannay
Fixin
Nuits Saint Georges

194
Q

What village is home to La Tâche and Echezeaux Grand Crus?

A

Vosne-Romanée in the Côte de Nuits

195
Q

What Côte de Nuits Grand Cru is located at the bottom of a slope?

A

Clos de Vougeot

196
Q

What contribution did John the Fearless make to winemaking in Bourgogne?

A

He convinced Charles VI to establish a fixed zone of production for Bourgogne

197
Q

What style of wine is produced in the Pouilly-Fuissé, Saint Veran & Viré-Clessé AOC’s?

A

Dry whites from Chardonnay

198
Q

What portion of Bourgogne’s famed slope is considered the best for growing grapes?

A

Mid-slope - it has the ideal amount of top soils and receives the ideal amount of water

199
Q

What are the 2 primary grapes of Bourgogne?

A

Chardonnay & Pinot Noir

200
Q

What is the climate of Bourgogne?

A

Semi-continental with maritime influences in the north (Atlantic) and south (Mediterranean) and continental in the middle

201
Q

What Côte de Nuits village is known for rosé production?

A

Marsannay

202
Q

T or F? The Chablis Grand Cru AOC contains 6 Climats..

A

False

203
Q

Is the Côte de Sezanne part of Bourgogne?

A

No

204
Q

List the appellations found in the Côte de Nuits…

A 
Marsannay
Fixin
Gevrey-Chambertin
Morey-Saint-Denis
Chambolle-Musigny
Vougeot
Vosne-Romanée
Nuits-Saint-Georges
205
Q

What is the only 100% Chardonnay AOC in the Côte Chalonnaise?

A

Montagny

206
Q

AOC Saint Bris is made from?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

207
Q

What region is Les Clos in?

A

Chablis Grand Cru AOC

208
Q

What region is Vosne-Romanée in?

A

Côte de Nuits

209
Q

What region is Pommard in?

A

Côte de Beaune

210
Q

Describe the Bourgogne ancillary grape Aligoté …

A

It is a Pinot x Gouais cross
Early budding, early ripening vigorous grower
Aromatic, ripens to moderate sugar levels and high acidity

211
Q

What region in Bourgogne is Rully in?

A

Côte Chalonnaise

212
Q

What Bourgogne region is Viré-Clessé in?

A

Mâconnais

213
Q

Describe the Bourgogne ancillary grape Gamay…

A

It is a Pinot x Gouais cross
Native to Bourgogne
Thin skinned and aromatic
Ripens to moderate sugar levels, has low tannins, low pigment and high acidity

214
Q

What grapes are in the Bourgogne Blanc blend?

A

Chardonnay

Some Pinot Gris (rogue vines in vineyards)

215
Q

What is the minimum percentage of the varietal grapes in both Bourgogne Gamay and Bourgogne Rouge?

A

85%

216
Q

What grapes are in the Coteaux Bourguignon Blanc blend?

A 
Chardonnay
Aligoté 
Melon
Sacy
In any proportion
217
Q

What grapes are in the Coteaux Bourguignon Rouge blend?

A

Gamay
Pinot Noir
In any proportion

218
Q

What grapes are in the Bourgogne blend Passe-Tout-Grains (PTG)?

A

Mostly Gamay
Must have a minimum of 33% Pinot Noir or Pinot Liebault
Max of 15% Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris and Chardonnay
Wine is red or rosé

219
Q

What grapes go into Bourgogne Crémant ?

A

Sacy, Aligoté, Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, Melon, Pinot Noir, Cesar and Gamay

220
Q

What soil type does Chardonnay prefer in Bourgogne?

A

Marly Soils

221
Q

How does Chardonnay present on marly soils?

A
  1. Powerful, dense whites with tremendous concentration of flavor
  2. Ageworthy
222
Q

How does Chardonnay present on clay soils?

A

Produces wines of structure and depth, round and earthy

223
Q

How does Chardonnay present on limestone soils?

A

Delivers high acid whites with aromas of citrus fruits and minerals

224
Q

What type of soil does Pinot Noir prefer?

A

Limestone or marls with high limestone content

225
Q

How does Pinot Noir present on limestone soils?

A

Lightly pigmented but sublimely elegant

Highly aromatic

226
Q

How does Pinot Noir present on Marl soils?

A

Less elegant with more structure and fruit

227
Q

How does Pinot Noir present on clay soils?

A

Less aromatic and less complex with plenty of body

They need 5 - 7 years in the bottle to age

228
Q

What is a négociant and why are they necessary in Bourgogne?

A
  1. A négociant is a company that purchases grapes or wine from grower who are too small to bottle or market their own wine
  2. The average individual vineyard area in Bourgogne is 15.5 acres and not always contiguous
  3. This small size makes it difficult to produce proprietary labels
229
Q

How many village AOC’s are there in Bourgogne?

A

44

230
Q

T or F? Regional level AOC in Bourgogne usually incorporate the word “Bourgogne” in the name..

A

True

231
Q

What is the only white Grand Cru in the Côte de Nuits?

A

Musigny

232
Q

What Grand Cru is shared by Puligny and Chassagne?

A

Montrachet

233
Q

What Grand Cru is shared by Aloxe and Pernand-Vergelesses?

A

Corton

234
Q

What kind of wine does the Bourgogne village of Pommard produce?

A

Red AOC wine only

235
Q

What type of yeast does most Bourgogne winemakers use?

A

Wild natural local yeast occurring by nature

236
Q

What does the Bourgogne village Brochon produce?

A

Côte de Nuits-Villages wine

237
Q

Which AOCs are located in the Côte de Chalonnaise?

A

Montagny
Mercurey
Givry
Rully

238
Q

For every 250’ increase in elevation the temperature drops by how many degrees

A

1 degree

239
Q

The majority of the vineyards of the Mâconnais are planted to…

A

Chardonnay

240
Q

What Burgundian winemaking steps are a direct result of global warming..

A

Chilling the fruit before fermentation
Using the pump over method of integrating the cap
Shorter maceration time

241
Q

What winemaking practice is relatively standard for Bourgogne?

A

Wild yeast & more neutral oak barrels

242
Q

Does the Saone river moderate the temperature of Bourgogne?

A

No, to far away

243
Q

What is a Climat?

A

A named parcel of land

244
Q

What factors are responsible for the fractionalization of vineyards?

A

Napoleonic Code

French Revolution

245
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Chorey-les-Beaune…

A

No premiers Crus
No Grand Crus
Lies mostly on the flat plains just north of the town of Beaune

246
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Pernand-Vergelesses…

A

8 Premiers Crus
2 Grand Crus
Located on the southwest slope of the Corton Hill
Shares the Grand Crus of Corton and Corton Charlemagne with Aloxe and Ladoix-Serrigny

247
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC Aloxe-Corton…

A

14 Premiers Crus
3 Grand Crus
A large portion belongs to the Grand Crus of Corton & Corton-Charlemagne
It shares these Grand Crus with Ladoix-Serrigny and Pernand-Vergelesses
White Grand Cru Charlemagne is located only within the Aloxe-Corton commune

248
Q

What is the only Grand Cru in the Côte de Beaune that produces reds..

A

Corton

249
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC Ladoix-Serrigny…

A

11 Premiers Crus
2 Grand Crus shared with Aloxe-Corton & Pernand-Vergelesses
Most is bottles as Côte de Beaune AOC
There is a small percentage of white Corton Charlemagne

250
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune Villages…

A

All AOC’s can label their wine villages except Beaune, Aloxe-Corton, Pommard & Volnay
It is red only and characterized by firm tannins & acidity with red fruits
They need time in the bottle to mellow

251
Q

What is the Hauts Côte de Beaune?

A

It is situated above the Côte de Beaune
Consists of 12 villages
Vineyards are at elevation
Wines are structured with ample tannins and acidity

252
Q

What is the wine production in the Côte de Beaune?

A

57% red & 43% white
8 Grand Crus
only 1 Grand Cru produces Red - Corton

253
Q

What are the grapes and soils of the Côte de Beaune?

A 
Grapes are: 
Chardonnay
Aligote
Pinot Gris (aka Pinot Beurot)
Pinot Noir

Soils are limestone and limestone-rich marls
Crafts red and white wine of minerality and acidity

254
Q

Describe the Côte de Nuits AOC Nuits-Saint-Georges…

A

41 Premiers Crus
No Grand Crus
Premiers Cru vineyard account for 45% of this area production

255
Q

Describe the Côte de Nuits AOC Vosne-Romanée..

A

14 Premiers Crus
8 Grand Crus
The 8 Grand Crus are some of the most prestigious in Bourgogne

256
Q

What is the only Grand Cru in the Côte-d’Or that is at the bottom of the slope?

A

Clos de Vougeot

257
Q

Describe the Côte de Nuits AOC Vougeot…

A

4 Premiers Crus
1 Grand Cru
Almost exclusively red, 3/4 of this production ends up in he Grand Cru Clos de Vougeot
Clos de Vougeot is the only Grand Cru in the Côte-d’Or that rests at the bottom of the slope

258
Q

Describe the Côte de Nuits AOC Chambolle-Musigny…

A

23 Premiers Crus
2 Grand Crus
Bonnes Mares & Musigny

259
Q

Describe the Côte de Nuits AOC Morey Saint-Denis…

A

20 Premiers Crus
5 Grand Crus
Located at the 1/2 way point in the Cote de Nuits

260
Q

Describe the Côte de Nuits AOC Gevrey Chambertin….

A

26 Premiers Crus
9 Grand Crus
20% vineyards classified as Premiers Crus
Big reds with lots of tannins, acid & fruit to be very cellar worthy

French Wine Scholar COPY Donahue (15 decks)

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