botany

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CHAPTER

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1 and 2

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GREEK

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Botany Is the scientific study of plants.

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botană

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plart

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History

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Introduction to Plants

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and Botany

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This definition requires an understanding of the

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concepts “plants” and “scientific study.”

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Also included are plant classification and the study

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of plant diseases and interactions with the

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environment.

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The principles and findings of botany have provided

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the base for such applied sciences as agriculture

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horticulture

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and forestry.

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From three Greek words:

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botanikos (botanical)

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botane (plant or herb);

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boskein (to feed)

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GREEK

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From the French word botanique (botanical).

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botanikos

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FRENCH

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botanique

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ENGUSH

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botanic

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ENGLISH

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Theophrastus Father of Botany

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Only two of an estimated 200 botanical

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treatizes written by him are known to science:

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originally written in Greek about 300 BCE

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Started the basic concepts of morphology

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classification

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and the natural history of

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plants.

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De causis plantarum and De historia

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plantarum

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HLS T ORIN

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De Planis in genere

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botary

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late 17th century

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MET HO Do

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oAN NE RA Ia

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THEOPHRASTUS

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ENQUIEY INTO PILANTS

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WLATHER SICK3

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SIR ArHUt 1tORT Ht

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M

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LONDOS WLLIAM IEIXENENY

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XEW SOLN

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Greek botanist of the 1st century CE

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RNANS SONS

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Pedanius Dioscorides He was the most important

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botanical writer after Theophrastus.

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Herbal in Greek (major work) - he described

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some 600 kinds of plants

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with comments on

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their habit of growth and form and their

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medicinal properties.

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He grouped his plants under three headings:

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aromatic

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culinary

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Theophrastus

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who classified plants as trees

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shrubs

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and herbs.

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c.PLINH SECUNDE

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NATURALIS

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HISTORI E

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Texes Peves

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Pliny the Elder Roman writer who compiled an

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encyclopaedia of 37 volumes

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compiled from some

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2

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000 works representing 146 Roman and 327 Greek

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authors–has 16 volumes devoted to plants.

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)Apd ACKEOS

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A

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Carolus Linnaeus Father of Taxonomy

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Species Plantarum (masterwork) - contains

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detailed descriptions of 6

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000 species of

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plants from all of the parts of the world

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known at the time (is still the basic reference

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work for nmodern plant taxonomy).

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CAROLI INN

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DIOSCORIDIS

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ANAEARRET DE

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He established the practice of binomial

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nomenclature-the denomination of each

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kind of plant by two words

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the genus name

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and the specific name

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e.g. Rosa canina

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dog rose.

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SPECIES

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PLANTARUM

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remTai

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PLANTYAS

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GENERA RELATAS

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Dexs Seci

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Tokus