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Botany > Botanical Terminology > Flashcards

Botanical Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

a-

A

prefix meaning without or not

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2
Q

abaxial

A

a surface that faces away from the axis of the structure to which it is attached.

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3
Q

aberrant

A

atypical

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4
Q

abortive

A

Defective, barren, or undeveloped.

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5
Q

abrupt

A

Sudden, not gradual. e.g abruptly acuminate

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6
Q

abscission

A

The disconnection of a leaf, flower, fruit, or other plant part, usually forming a scar.

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7
Q

acaulescent

A

Stemless or apparently so.

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8
Q

accrescent

A

Increasing in size after flowering, most commonly in reference to the calyx. e.g.- accrescent calyx

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9
Q

achene

A

A hard, 1-seeded, indehiscent nutlet with a tight pericarp.

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10
Q

acicular

A

Needle-like.

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11
Q

actinomorphic

A

Radially symmetrical; capable of being bisected into two or more similar planes.

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12
Q

acuminate

A

Tapering with incurved marginal lines to a slender tip.

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13
Q

acute

A

Tapering with straight marginal lines to a sharp tip.

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14
Q

adaxial

A

Said of a surface that faces toward the axis of the structure to which it is attached.

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15
Q

adherent

A

Joined to a dissimilar plant tissue. Compare with coherent.

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16
Q

admixed

A

Blended

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17
Q

adnate

A

Born together.

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18
Q

adpressed

A

Lying close to but separate from another tissue or organ.

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19
Q

adventitious

A

Sprouting or growing from unusual places, such as roots that originate from a stem, or buds that
associate with wounds.

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20
Q

adventive

A

Not native, introduced.

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21
Q

aerial

A

Said of structures that originate above the ground.

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22
Q

aggregated

A

Crowded together.

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23
Q

alate

A

Winged

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24
Q

Alfisol

A

A taxonomic order of soils, usually forest-developed, that lacks the organic matter and productivity of a richer soil, such as a Mollisol, and possesses a leached horizon and subtending zone of accumulated clay.

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25
Q

alkaline

A

Having a pH higher than 7.0

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26
Q

acidic

A

Having a pH lower than 6.0

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27
Q

allochthonous

A

Not indigenous.

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28
Q

alluvium

A

Sand, silt, and other particles deposited by moving water.

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29
Q

alternate

A

One after the other along an axis, not opposite.

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30
Q

alveolate

A

Like a honeycomb; with angular cavities separated by partitions.

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31
Q

ament

A

A dry, usually elongate, often pendulous, scaly spike that bears imperfect flowers; a catkin.

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32
Q

amentiferous

A

Bearing aments

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33
Q

amplexicaule

A

Clasping the stem, culm, or similar axis.

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34
Q

anastomose

A

To interconnect, such as the veins of a leaf.

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35
Q

androecium

A

The portion of the flower that bears the stamens.

36
Q

androgynous

A

With staminate flowers situated above the pistillate ones in the same inflorescence. Compare
with gynecandrous.

37
Q

anemophilous

A

Pollinated by wind.

38
Q

angled

A

having angles, usually along a stem or petiole.

39
Q

angiosperm

A

A flowering plant that produces seeds enclosed in a structure derived from the ovary.

40
Q

angulate

A

Having angles.

41
Q

annual

A

Plant that completes its life cycle in one year or less.

42
Q

annulus

A

Tissue that forms a ring or is arranged in a circle.

43
Q

antepetalous

A

With stamens opposite the petals.

44
Q

anterior

A

positioned away from the stem or axis.

45
Q

antesepalous

A

With stamens opposite the sepals.

46
Q

anther

A

Pollen-bearing portion of the stamen.

47
Q

antherode

A

A sterile anther.

48
Q

anthesis

A

Time of flowering during which the anthers dehisce and the stigmas are receptive to pollen.

49
Q

antrorse

A

Directed forward or distally.

50
Q

apetalous

A

Without petals.

51
Q

apex

A

Tip, end.

52
Q

apical

A

Pertaining to the apex.

53
Q

apiculate

A

Abruptly short-pointed.

54
Q

apiculus

A

A short point or minute beak.

55
Q

appendage

A

An attached, often evidently functionless vegetative process.

56
Q

appressed

A

Lying flat against a surface.

57
Q

aquatic

A

Living out the life cycle in water.

58
Q

arachnoid

A

Like a cobweb.

59
Q

arboreal

A

Tree-like or pertaining to a tree.

60
Q

arborescent

A

Becoming tree-like.

61
Q

arcuate

A

Arching, bowed, often referring to venation

62
Q

areola

A

Space between the veins of a leaf or some similar structure.

63
Q

aril

A

An appendage that grows out from a seed.

64
Q

arillate

A

Having an aril.

65
Q

aristate

A

Tipped by a stiff bristle; awned.

66
Q

armed

A

Bearing barbs, prickles, spines, or thorns.

67
Q

aromatic

A

Having a discernible odor; fragrant.

68
Q

array

A

With respect to the Asteraceae, the disposition of the heads, usually evocative of a corymb, cyme, or panicle.

69
Q

article

A

A section of a leguminous fruit separated from other sections by a constriction or partition.

70
Q

articulation

A

A joint.

71
Q

ascending

A

Growing or directed in an upward direction, or at least tending to do so.

72
Q

asexual

A

Applied to reproduction without the involvement of a zygote.

73
Q

asymmetrical

A

Unequally developed on either side of an axis.

74
Q

atom

A

Small, usually resinous dot or gland.

75
Q

atomiferous

A

Bearing atoms.

76
Q

attenuate

A

Gradually tapered to a slender tip, commonly with the base of leaves

77
Q

atypical

A

Varying from the usual.

78
Q

auricle

A

Ear-shaped appendage or lobe, seen at the base of the leaf blade in grasses

79
Q

auriculate

A

Bearing an auricle.

80
Q

autogamy

A

Self-fertilization.

81
Q

autumnal

A

Appearing or flowering in fall.

82
Q

awn

A

A stiff bristle, usually situated at the tip of a leaf or perianth segment; in grasses, at or near the tip of a glume or lemma.

83
Q

axil

A

The area or angle formed between the base of an organ and the structure from which it originated,
commonly where buds, branchlets, or flower stalks are borne.

84
Q

axile

A

Positioned along the central axis of an ovary that has two or more locules.

85
Q

axillary

A

Pertaining to an axil.

86
Q

axillary bud

A

Bud arising from an axil.

87
Q

axis

A

The central part of a longitudinal support, commonly of a stem or inflorescence, on which organs
or parts are arranged.

Botany (2 decks)

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