Borrelia spp (Lyme disease, Relapsing fever), Leptospirra spp Flashcards
which Category of Spirochetes casues Relapsing fever and Lyme disease
lyme disease –> Borrelia burgdorferi
“Relapsing feve” –> Borrelia spp (B. RECURRENTIS
Diagnosis of Lyme diseases and Relapsing fever
Lyme disease –> Serology
Relapsing fever –> microscopy of blood smear - during fever
** Do not stain gram stain**
Transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi
Ticks, white-footed mice & chipmunks
patho of Lyme disease
describe breifly the 3 stages of Lyme disease
Stage 1(Early infection- localised EM)
Erythema Migrans (EM)
–> Flat, Bright-red outer borders &partial center cleaning
–> Lesions are Hot w/ burning & painful sensation
*Erythema might migrate to other area
Stage 2 (Dissemination)- remeber CNS, Cardiac, Skin, Arthralgias
1) Cardiac –> 5 % chance of Myopericarditis & AV block, if untreated
2) CNS –> Frank neurologic abnormalities > Cranial palsies- Bell’s palsy
3) skin–> Multiple secondary skin lesions
4) Arthralgias +heachaches
STAGE 3(persistent infection) - remember neurologic & arthritis
–> 60% JOINT swelling and pain
can Abx be used to treat Chronic Lyme disease?
No
diagnosis of Lyme disease in the 3rd stage
stage 3 –> PCR
- Synovial fluid
- Skin lesions (also stage 2)
Diagnosis of Borrelia speacies
Microscopy – OF CHOICE
* Giemsa or Wright stain of blood collected during FEVER
Transmission of Leptospira spp
Organisms excreted from urine of Rodents –> into lakes, rivers, flods
CM of Leptospira spp during the Septicemic phase
High fever (40°C), headache (due to CNS invasion), malaise, myalgias & conjunctival suffusion
CM of Leptospira spp during the immune phase
WEIL’S DISEASE (aka ICTEROHAEMORRHAGIC LEPTOSPIROSIS)
–> Fever >40°C, with rapid onset of hepatic (jaundice) & renal failure
* Pulmonary haemorrhage
* Myocarditis & fatal arrhythmias
Diagnosis fo Leprospira spp
Serology
