Boring Breathing Flashcards
If you plummet a sword into someone's heart then their will stop beating and they will die. Biology facts 🥹
What is the purpose of breathing?
We breathe so that we can respire, which requires oxygen and produces carbon dioxide.
How do we supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide?
Breathing for respiration involves taking in oxygen and excreting carbon dioxide.
What do cells in our body require for energy?
Cells require energy released from sugar through the process of respiration.
How is oxygen taken into the body?
Oxygen is taken into the body by breathing in.
What is produced by cells during respiration?
Carbon dioxide is produced by cells respiring.
What is the role of muscles in breathing?
Muscles help you breathe by contracting to expand the chest and relaxing to decrease its size.
What happens when rib muscles contract?
When rib muscles contract, the chest gets bigger and air rushes in.
What happens when the diaphragm contracts?
When the diaphragm contracts, it moves down, increasing the volume of the lungs and decreasing pressure.
What do relevant muscles do during breathing out?
During breathing out, rib muscles relax, the diaphragm relaxes, and air is pushed out.
What is gas exchange?
Gas exchange is the process where oxygen moves from the air into the blood and carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the air.
How do gases move during gas exchange?
Gases move by a process called diffusion.
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
How do oxygen and carbon dioxide move in the alveoli?
Oxygen and carbon dioxide move into and out of the alveoli by diffusion.
How do intercostal muscles move during breathing in?
Tell me about arteries
Arteries
carry blood away from the heart straight after it has been pumped. This means it is under
high pressure
. The walls of arteries are made of thick muscle to withstand this pressure. This muscle is also elastic to allow a pulse of blood to travel along when your heart beats.
Tell me about veins
Veins
carry blood back to the heart. This blood is under
lower pressure
because some of it has been lost as it travelled around your body. The walls of veins are made of thinner muscle and are less elastic than arteries. Because the blood is under lower pressure, one-way valves in your veins stop it flowing backwards.
Tell me about capillaries
Capillaries
are the tiny blood vessels that branch out into every tissue in your body carrying substances your cells need like oxygen and glucose for
respiration
and for removing waste products like carbon dioxide. They have very thin walls to allow these substances to move by
diffusion
in and out of your cells. Capillaries join your arteries to your veins.
Describe the double circulatory system
Humans have a double circulatory system, which means the blood passes through the heart twice on each loop around the body. It travels from the heart to the lungs, to the heart, to the rest of the body before returning to the heart. This is often called a ‘figure of eight system’.
