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D3 WSET > Bordeaux - Key Appellations > Flashcards

Bordeaux - Key Appellations Flashcards

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1
Q

Which two appellations account for 50% of all wine produced in Bordeaux?

A

Bordeaux AOC and Bordeaux Supérieur AOC

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2
Q

What are the maximum yields in Bordeaux Supérieur?

A

59hl/h

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3
Q

Is the maximum yield higher or lower than BS AOC in Bordeaux AOC?

A

Max yields for all styles are higher.

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4
Q

What is the max yield for white wine and rosés in Bordeaux AOC?

A

65 and 62 respectively

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5
Q

What is the max yield for red wines in Bordeaux AOC?

A

60hl/h

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6
Q

Which grape dominates in Bordeaux AOC and BS AOC wine production?

A

Merlot

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7
Q

Write a brief note from a typical Bordeaux AOC red

A

medium nose of red fruit, high acidity, medium (+) tannin, medium body and medium alcohol

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8
Q

Bordeaux AOC whites are most dominated by which grape? Write a typical note

A

Sauvignon Blanc. Medium nose of lemon, gooseberry, high acidity, medium body and medium alcohol

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9
Q

why is SB increasing in its use in Bordeaux whites?

A

Owing to the success of NZ SB around the world

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10
Q

Which important water body and city lie close to Médoc and Haut Médoc AOCs?

A

they are on the Left Bank of the Girondes estuary, North of the city of Bordeaux

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11
Q

Which famous individual commune appellations lie in Haut Médoc?

A

Paulliac, St. Julien, St Éstephe, Margaux

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12
Q

What is the proportion of CS to Merlot in Medoc vs Haut Medoc and why?

A

Médoc AOC: 50:50

Haut Médoc: 50:44 (more warm gravel in this region so good for ripening CS)

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13
Q

What style of wine is produced in the 4 famous individual commune appellations of the Haut Médoc and what is the maximum yield?

A

Red wines only at 57hl/h

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14
Q

Outline a typical note from the individual commune appellations

A
  • pronounced intensity black and red fruit
  • high acidity,
  • high tannin
  • medium to high alcohol
  • medium (+) body
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15
Q

What is the soil in St. Estephe ?

A

gravel, limestone and lots of clay and so it contains more merlot than other commune AOCs

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16
Q

How are the wines characterised in St E?

A

Rustic and needing long ageing

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17
Q

What proportion of plantings are CabS in St E?

A

50% of plantings

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18
Q

What is the coolest an most northerly of the Médoc communes?

A

St Estephe

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19
Q

Why do CabS in St E need more time ageing?

A

the rustic tannins need time to smoothen and polymerise

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20
Q

How do St E winemakers make their wines more approachable ?

A

Add merlot and/or use CabS grown on the warm- gravel banks of the estuary

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21
Q

How many appellations are in Bordeaux

A

65 appellations

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22
Q

How many 1st growths and 2nd growths in St E

A

on firsts but second growths and cru bourgeois

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23
Q

Which has more plantings of CabS, St E or Paulliac?

A

Paulliac at 62%

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24
Q

How much CabS do top Paulliac estates put in the blend?

A

70-80% of the blend

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25
Q

What typical structural elements in Paulliac lend its wine to ageing?

A

High acidity and high tannin

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26
Q

How many first growths in Paulliac?

A

3/5 of the first growths

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27
Q

Which AOC in Médoc has the highest production of cru classé wine and what proportion does it represent?

A

Paulliac at 85%

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28
Q

How does St E soil help in hot summers?

A

it retains water which aids the ripening of the grapes

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29
Q

How are the St Julien wines characterised?

A

Halfway between the firm structure of Paulliac and the elegance of Margaux

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30
Q

Does St Julien have any first growths?

A

No, it has second growths (5)

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31
Q

What is the dominant grape in St Julien?

A

CabS

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32
Q

What are the soils like in St Julien?

A

uniformly gravel

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33
Q

What are the soils of Margaux like/

A

Stoney and gravelly

34
Q

Margaux plants more of which grape and less of which grape than St Julien?

A

More Merlot and less CabS

35
Q

What is the climate like in Margaux like compared to more northerly communes?

A

It is warmer

36
Q

Does Margaux harvest earlier or later than the northerly communes?

A

Earlier as its warmer. A few days earlier than Paulliac and 7-10 days earlier than St. E

37
Q

Listrac-Medoc and Moulis AOCs are further from the river. What does being further inland mean for its soils and climate?

A

Less maritime influence from the estuary and less gravel in the soil

38
Q

Listrac-Medoc and Moulis may release wine for consumption earlier than the 4 more famous communes but what other AOC rules differ from those of the Big 4 Médoc appellations?

A

None. Just the earlier release times

39
Q

What is the quality of Listrac-Medoc and Moulis wines and style of wines do the AOC rules cover?

A

Good to Very good wines. They are red only appellations

40
Q

Graves appellations cover what styles of wine?

A

red and white

41
Q

Graves supérieur appellation covers which styles of wine?

A

It covers sweet wines (late harvest and botrytis affected wines

42
Q

What is the maximum yield (hl/h) for the white wines in Graves?

A

58hl/h

43
Q

What is the maximum yield for red wines in Graves?

A

55hl/h

44
Q

Is the maximum yield for red wines in Graves high or lower than that of Bordeaux AOC and Bordeaux Superieur AOC?

A

Max yield is lower than Bordeaux (65hl/h) and Bordeaux Supérieur (59hl/h)

45
Q

Graves max red yield is the same as which two left bank AOCs?

A

Médoc and Haut Medoc

46
Q

What % of wine made in Graves is red?

A

85% of the wine made there is red

47
Q

What is the quality and price of wines in Graves?

A

acceptable to good and inexpensive to mid priced for this appellation

48
Q

What are the soils and climate effects shared by Pessac Léognan and the four famous Médoc estates?

A

gravel soils and temperate influence of the Garonne

49
Q

Does Pessac Léognan make more red or white?

A

80% red and 20% white

50
Q

How are the white and red wines of Pessac Léognan characterised?

A

the whites are v. good to outstanding. Barrel fermented and ageable. The have :
pronounced aromas of gooseberry, lemon and grapefruit with vanilla and clove oak notes, medium (+) body, medium (+) to high acidity and medium to high alcohol.
the reds are v. good to outstanding and price and style are similar to the four Médoc communes

51
Q

How does the max yield in Pessac Leognan compare to the four Médoc communes?

A

Lower yields. 54hl/h in Pesac Léongan compared to57hl/h in the communes

52
Q

How many first growths in Pessace Leognan?

A

one. Haut-Brion

53
Q

how do they max yields in Entre Deux Mers compare to Bordeaux AOC?

A

they are both the same at 65hl/h

54
Q

How does volume of wine compare to Bordeaux AOC

A

They produce far less but are in second place in the region

55
Q

What styles of wines are produced in Entre Deux Mers

A

White wine only. Wines are low intensity and largely SB

56
Q

What are the red wines labelled as in Entre Deux Mers?

A

Bordeaux or Bordeaux Superieur

57
Q

Are right bank estates larger than those on the Left Bank?

A

No. The Right Bank estates are small and numerous. Some as small as one acre

58
Q

What grapes dominate plantings on the Right Bank?

A

Merlot (60%) followed by Cab Franc and small amounts of Cab Sav

59
Q

Write a note for the top wines on the RB

A
  • pronounced red and black plum fruit with vanilla and clove new oak character,
  • -medium (+) to high acidity
  • medium (+) to high tannins
  • high alcohol
  • with a full body
60
Q

What is the name given to the four appellations nr St Emillion but further from the River ?

A

the St Emillion Satellites

61
Q

Name the two most famous of the satellite appellations of St Emillion?

A

Montagne St-Emillion and Lussac St. Emillion AOCs

62
Q

Does Pomerol have a classification?

A

no. there is no classification in the AOC

63
Q

What is the maximum yield in Pomerol?

A

49 hl/h so lower than the Médoc communes which are 57hl/h

64
Q

Which AOC makes the most similar wine to Pomerol?

A

St . Emillion top estates

65
Q

How does Ch. Petrus compare to the LB estates in terms of size?

A

12 hectares vs 80–100 hectares on the LB top estates

66
Q

What makes the wines of Pomerol so ageable?

A
  • high fruit concentration
  • high acidity
  • high tannins
  • high alcohol
67
Q

Where does the cote de Bordeaux lie?

A

on the Right Bank

68
Q

Give some examples of the many communes who can put their name before the Cote De Bordeaux AOC label

A

Blaye Cote De Bordeaux AOC
Francs Cote De Bordeaux AOC
Cadillac Cote De Bordeaux AOC

69
Q

Which styles of wine are included in the Cote De Bordeaux AOC?

A

Both red and white

70
Q

Which appellation has the highest planting of Malbec in Bordeaux?

A

Cotes de Bourg

71
Q

What is the max yield for the Cote De Bordeaux AOC reds if there is no commune name appended to it?

A

55hl/h for the reds

72
Q

Which LB appellations have the same max yield as Cote De Bordeaux AOC

A

Graves, Médoc and Haut Médoc

73
Q

What is the max yield for the Cote De Bordeaux AOC reds if there is a commune name appended to it?

A

52hl/h

74
Q

Where is Sauternes?

A

Southern Graves

75
Q

What is the max yield in Sauternes?

A

25hl/h but generally yields are lower to promote ripening before the noble rot sets in

76
Q

What labels to Barsac winemakers put on their bottles?

A

Sauternes AOC or Barsac AOC

77
Q

What is the crisis which has hit these sweet styles of wine ?

A

Over the past 30 years demand has crashed

78
Q

How are Sauternes producers tackling the sweet wine crisis?

A

They produce dry white wines as well

79
Q

What are the ideal climate conditions for noble rot here?

A

The cold Ciron River meets the warm Garonne causing the forming of morning mists. The sun burns off the mist by midday which avoids the forming of grey rot

80
Q

Write a typical not for a sweet Sauternes

A
  • pronounced citrus peel, honey, tropical fruit and vanilla oak notes
  • medium (+) acidity
  • high alcohol
  • full bodied

D3 WSET (14 decks)

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