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bordeaux general - study guide notes Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of regional IGP zones?

A

Regional
Departmental
local

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2
Q

What are the Regional Vin de Pays (IGP) zones?

A 
Pays d’Oc IGP, Languedoc-Roussillon
Val de Loire IGP, Loire
Comtés Rhodaniens IGP, Northern Rhône Valley, Jura and Savoie
Méditerranée IGP, Southeast France
Atlantique IGP, Bordeaux and Charente
Comté Tolosan IGP, Sud-Ouest
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3
Q

What are the Current French Wine Classifications?

A

Appellation d’Origine Contrôlee / Protégée (AOC/AOP)
Vin de Pays / Indication Géographique Protégée (IGP)
Vin de France (Table Wine

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4
Q

What are the generic Bordeaux Appellations?

A

Bordeaux AOP
Bordeaux Supérieur AOP
Crémant de Bordeaux AOP

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5
Q

What is a Courtier?

A

A wine broker. Provide financial backing to Chateaux.

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6
Q

What is En Premier?

A

The yearly offering of Bordeaux wines as futures.

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7
Q

What is Bordeaux mixture and what is its purpose?

A

A mixture of lime, copper sulfate, and water. It is used to fight fungal problems in the vineyard. Throughout Bordeaux.

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8
Q

What causes coulure and millerandange

A

springtime frosts

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9
Q

What are the principal grape varieties for Bordeaux Blanc AOP?

A

Principal Varieties: Min. 70% combined Sémillon, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, and Muscadelle

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10
Q

What are the Accessory Varieties for Bordeaux Blanc?

A

Max. 30% combined Ugni Blanc, Merlot Blanc, and Colombard

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11
Q

What are the minimum residual sugar requirements for Bordeaux Blanc?

A

Blanc (Sec): max. 3 g/l

Blanc (with residual sugar): 5-60 g/l

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12
Q

What is Bordeaux “Haut-Benauge”?

A

Subzones (Geographic Designations)

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13
Q

What are the principal grapes for Bordeaux “Haut-Benauge”?

A

Sémillon, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, and Muscadelle

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14
Q

Minimum Potential Alcohol: Blanc Sec?

A

10%

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15
Q

Minimum Potential Alcohol: Blanc?

A

(with residual sugar): 10.5% (10% acquired)

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16
Q

Minimum Potential Alcohol:Rosé?

A

10%

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17
Q

Minimum Potential Alcohol: Rouge?

A

10.5%

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18
Q

Minimum Potential Alcohol: Blanc Moelleux?

A

10.5%

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19
Q

Minimum Potential Alcohol:Bordeaux “Haut Benauge”:

A

Bordeaux “Haut Benauge”: 11.5% (11% acquired)

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20
Q

What are the wine styles permitted for Bordeaux Superieur?

A

Blanc - min. 17 g/l rs

Rouge - max 3 g/l rs

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21
Q

What are the Styles and Encépagement for Cremant de Bordeaux?

A

Vin Mousseux Blanc:
Principal Varieties: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cot, Petit Verdot, Carmenère, Muscadelle, Sémillon, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris
Accessory Varieties: Max. 30% combined Colombard, Merlot Blanc, and Ugni Blanc
Vin Mousseux Rosé: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cot, Petit Verdot, Carmenère

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22
Q

What is Assemblage?

A

Blend - refers to a blend of grapes used to make wine.

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23
Q

What is Encepagment?

A

Refers to a vineyard being planted to different grape varieties.

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24
Q

What is a barrique?

A

225 liter capacity barrel

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25
What are the sparkling wine requirements for Cremant de Bordeaux?
Sparkling Wine Requirements: •Traditional Method Secondary Fermentation •The wines must spend a min. 9 months on the lees prior to dégorgement, and may not be released for a min. 12 months after the date of tirage •Min. 3.5 atmospheres of pressure
26
When were the wines of St. Emilion classified?
1954 - then they were published in 1955
27
When were the revisions of the St. Emilion Classification?
1969, 1985, 1996, 2006, 2012
28
When were the wines of Graves first classified?
1953, and then revised in 1959 - 6 additional wines added.
29
How many Chateau are classified in Graves?
16 total 13 for red 9 for white
30
When was Pesscac-Leognan created?
1987
31
What are Boulbenes?
The soils of Graves - a mix of sand gravel and clay.
32
How old is Chateau Pape-Clement?
It was the first identifiable vineyard site in the region - 1305
33
What is the style of Graves AOP?
Rouge | Blanc
34
How much white wine is produced in Graves?
25%
35
What is unique about Chateau La Tour Haut Brion?
classified for red wine (Graves). | final vintage was 2005
36
What is unique about Chateau Laville Haut Brion?
classified for white wine (Graves) | final vintage was 2008
37
Who uses the grapes from La Tour Haut Brion, and Laville Haut Brion? The 2 properties no longer make wine under those labels.
La Mission Haut Brion.
38
Where is Pessac-Leognan?
Northern Graves.
39
What are the communes of Pessac Leognan?
1. Pessac 2. Léognan 3. Cadaujac 4. Canéjan 5. Gradignan 6. Martillac 7. Mérignac 8. Saint-Médard-d'Eyrans 9. Talence 10. Villenave-d'Ornons
40
Name 4 appellations that produce sweet wine within Graves?
1. Sauternes 2. Barsac 3. Cérons 4. Graves Supérieures
41
What is the minimum RS for Graves Supérieures?
Minimum Residual Sugar: 34 g/l
42
What are croupes?
Gravel mounds of the Haut-Medoc.
43
What are Jalles?
drainage canals in the Medoc
44
Why does Merlot grow so well in clay soils?
The water retentive soils stunt Merlot's vigorous growth. Also, Merlot ripens early so cooler soils are not a big issue.
45
What is unique about Bordeaux classifications?
The property is classified, so if a vineyard changes hands, the property can be declassified or become classified with new ownership.
46
When was Cru Artisan officially recognized?
2002 - officially recognized in 2005. 44 properties.
47
Where is Chasse Spleen from?
Moulis-en-Medoc
48
What are the AOPs of the Medoc?
* Médoc AOP * Haut-Médoc AOP * St-Estèphe AOP * Pauillac AOP * St-Julien AOP * Listrac-Médoc AOP * Moulis-en-Médoc AOP * Margaux AOP
49
When were the first AOCs awarded in France?
1936
50
How many AOP or AOCs were there in 2011?
480 - over 50% of French wine released
51
What does the INAO currently stand for?
L'Institut National de l'Origine et de la Qualite - it changed in 2007
52
When did the INAO bring it appellation system in line with new EU standards?
In 2009
53
AOP is recognized as what EU designation?
PDO - or Protected Designation or Origin
54
What family of grapes may be used for PDO wine production?
Vitis Vinifera
55
When was the VDQS category eliminated?
2011
56
How much French wine is released as Vin de Pays?
29%
57
What is VINIFLHOR?
A governmental agricultural office that used to oversee the Vin de Pays wine production.
58
Who currently oversees Vin de Pays wine production?
The INAO
59
What are the maximum yields for Vin de Pays?
Whites: 90 hl/ha Reds and Rose: 85 hl/ha Total output for a single producer must be < than 100 hl/ha
60
Vin de Pays wines can be labeled as?
IGP = Protected Geographic Indication
61
What are some of the Vin de Pays / IGP stipulations?
Must be produced from Vitis Vinifera vines or hybrids | Minimum 85% of the grapes must be sourced from the stated geographic area.
62
French terms for Table Wines?
Vin de Table Vin Ordinaires Now known as Vin de France!
63
Can the vintage and varietal appear on a Vin de France Label?
Yes, the change was designed to allow basic French wines to compete with New World varietal wines. They are now allowed to practice acidifcation and use oak chips as well.
64
When was Bordeaux ruled by England?
From 1152 to 1453 - creating a market familiar with Bordeaux wine.
65
Describe the climate of Brodeaux?
Maritime Atlantic and Gironde moderate temperature Winter freeze and spring frosts are a threat Winters are short, spring is damp, and summers can be hot. Rain is a worry at harvest. Pine forest help protect vines from Northwest winds.
66
What is important to recognize about the Bordeaux climate.
The climate is varied enough to produce wide vintage variation in the finished wines from year to year.
67
What is Clairet?
A darker more aromatic style of rose that evokes the original claret wines shipped to England in the Middle Ages.
68
Bordeaux AOP white wines are generally labeled?
Sec
69
How many grapes are allowed for Bordeaux AOP red wines?
6 1. Cabernet Sauvignon 2. Merlot 3. Cabernet Franc 4. Petit Verdot 5. Malbec 6. Carmenere
70
How many grapes are allowed for Bordeaux AOP white wines?
7 1. Sauvignon Blanc 2. Semillon 3. Muscadelle 4. Sauvignon Gris 5. Ugni Blanc 6. Merlot Blanc 7. Colombard 5,6,7 are accessory grapes.
71
What is the minimum Residual Sugar for Bordeaux Supérieur Blanc?
17 gpl
72
What is the minimum potential abv % for Bordeaux Supérieur Blanc?
11% with 10% acquired.

Bordeaux (9 decks)

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