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Bordeaux Flashcards

1
Q

Traditional Method Sparkling wines are released under what AOP?

A

Cremant de Bordeaux AOP

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2
Q

Where would you find chateau chases spleen?

A

Moulis

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3
Q

What is the difference between St. Emilion Grand cru AOP and the Saint-Emillion AOP

A

0.5% alc increase and longer elevage

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4
Q

Sweet wines may be produced in the Grave AOP, but what must they be relabeled as?

A

Grave Supérieur AOP

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5
Q

What should you expect from a wine labeled Clairet?

A

Rose made in a darker style

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6
Q

What is both the most widely planted grape in BDX and the first to ripen?

A

Merlot

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7
Q

5 communes of sauternes

A 
Bommes
Preignac
Barsac
Fargues
Sauternes
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8
Q

What LB appellation has the deepest croupes

A

Paulliac

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9
Q

What 6 grapes are permitted for Bordeaux AOP red wines?

A 
Cabernet
Merlot
CF
Petite Verdot
Malbec
Carmenere
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10
Q

What grapes may be used in Rose/Clairet production?

A

All 6 red grapes

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11
Q

What may be labeled as Grave AOP?

A

red and dry white

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12
Q

what is the BURDIGALA?

A

In the 3rd century BCE, a Celtic tribe known as the Bituriges Vivisci occupied the raised gravel terrace just west of the Garonne River and founded a permanent settlement and trading station, Burdigala—a place to which the tide flows. Already a major commercial outpost for the tin trade, Burdigala fell under Roman rule in 56 CE as the forces of Julius Caesar swept over Gaul. The Romans expanded the city’s role in frontier commerce, fortified it with miles of walls, and planted grapevines. Under their rule Burdigala became a great city of antiquity and capital of the Roman province of Aquitaine. The Roman poet Ausonius, whose writings provide evidence of early winegrowing in Bordeaux, was born in Burdigala in 310 CE.

With the decline of the Roman Empire by the end of the 4th century, Burdigala fell prey to successive waves of Germanic marauders. The Vandals sacked the city in 409 and the Visigoths arrived in 414, subjugating Burdigala’s inhabitants for nearly a century. By 507 Clovis, the first King of the Franks and founder of the Merovingian dynasty, destroyed the Visigoth presence in Gaul and added the city of Burdigala to his territory. Under Frankish control, the city of Burdigala became the city of Bordeaux. It survived seizure by Arabic invaders in the 8th century and a brutal sacking by Vikings in the 9th to reemerge as an important port of trade in the Duchy of Aquitaine by the beginning of the next millennium. In 1137, a young woman named Eleanor succeeded her father William X as the Duchess of Aquitaine, heir to the sovereign realm between the Pyrenees and the Garonne River.

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13
Q

North to South- Lafite and Latour

A

Lafite in the North

Latour in the South

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14
Q

What is Clairet?

A

Rose made in Bordeaux

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15
Q

What is Pourriture Noble a synonym for?

A

Botrytis

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16
Q

What are the communes of Pessac-Leognan?

A 
Pessac
Leognan
Cadaujac
Canejan
Gradignan
Martillac
Merignac
Saint-Medard-d'Eyrans
Talence
Villenave-d'Orons
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17
Q

What does Cru Bourgeois indicate on a label?

A

The wine has been submitted for blind tasting and is a mark of quality

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18
Q

what was the last vintage of la tour haut brion? What was it classified for?

A

2005, red wine

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19
Q

Def Jalles

A

Drainage channels which criss cross low lying landscape throughout the medoc

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20
Q

Name the two Medoc appellations without any classified growths

A

listrac and moulis

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21
Q

What are the five communes within the Margaux?

A 
Margaux
Cantenac
Soussans
Arsac
Labarde
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22
Q

What year was mouton upgraded, who did the label

A

1973, picassso

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23
Q

first vintage for label art for mouton?

Is there a gap, if so what years are missing?

A

in 1924, Baron Philippe asks Jean Carlu to design the label but the initiative, ahead of its time, is not repeated until 1945 with the “V” for victory label after France defeats Germany

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24
Q

Max amount of Ugni Blanc, Merlot Blanc and Colombard allowed in Bordeaux AOP white blend

A

max 30% of the blend

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25
Q

What is the last grape in BDX to ripen?

A

PV

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26
Q

What are the five villages of Margaux

A 
Soussans
Margaux
Cantenac
Labarde
Arsa
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27
Q

2nd label of lafite and later?

A

Carrudes de Lafite

Les Forts de Latour

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28
Q

Name the four satellites of St.Emilion

A

Lussac-Saint-Emillion AOP
Puisseguin-Saint-Emillion AOP
Montagne-Saint-Emillion AOP
Saint-George-Saint-Emillion AOP

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29
Q

Def Bouvreux

A

When rain interrupts flowering and creates a 2nd crop

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30
Q

Name two sweet wine appelations that are not on the left bank

A

Coteaux des Cadillac

Fronsac

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31
Q

1855- Margaux

A

1
Margaux

2
Dufort Vivens
Las Combes
Rauzan Seglas
Rauzan Gaisses
Brane-Cantenac
3
D'Issan
Malescot-St-Exuperey
Desmirail
Marquis D'Alesme
Kirwan
Giscours
Cantenac-Brown
Boyd-Cantenac 
Palmer

4
Marquis d’Terme
Pougeut
Prieure-Lichine

5

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32
Q

Where is cabernet most likely to ripen faster, Margaux or Paulliac and why?

A

Margaux- Shallower gravel beds make ripening happen a few days earlier

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33
Q

Medoc AOP wines must be what?

A

Red

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34
Q

1855- St. Estephe

A

1

2
Cos d’Estournel
Montrose

3
Calon Segur

4
Lafon Rochet

5
Cos Labory

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35
Q

Bordeaux Supérieur AOP indicates what?

A

Higher min Alcohol level

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36
Q

Name one 5th growth owned by Mouton

A

Clerc Milon

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37
Q

What grape excels best in mostly limestone soils?

A

CF

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38
Q

1855- St. Julien

A

1

2
Leoville Las Cases
Leoville Poyfere
Leoville Barton
Gruard Larose
Ducru-Beaucaillou

3
La Grange
Lagoa Barton

4
Brainaire-Ducru
Beycheville
St. Pierre
Talbot

5

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39
Q

What is the one region that has more wine production than bdx?

A

Langeudoc

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40
Q

What protects the medoc vineyards from harsh west and northwesterly winds?

A

Coastal pine forests

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41
Q

What years has d’yquem not made wine?

A

1910, 1915, 1930, 1951, 1952

1964, 1972, 1974, 1992 and 2012

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42
Q

What is the major difference in soils between the medic and Graves (esp. in the south)

A

Soils get sandier

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43
Q

What are the three main grapes for Bordeaux AOP white wines

A

SB, Semillon and Muscadelle

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44
Q

What three rivers encircle pomerol

A

Barbanne N
Isle W
Dordgogne S

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45
Q

What year did the communal Pessac-Leognan AOP get created?

A

1987

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46
Q

What two rivers run through Sauternes

A

Ciron and Garrone

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47
Q

What grape is planted the most in St. Estephe and why?

A

Merlot, a higher proportion of clay amongst the gravel

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48
Q

1855- Haut Medoc

A 
1
2
3
La Lagune
4
La Tour Canet

5
Bellgrave
Camensac
Cantermerle

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49
Q

define boulbenes

A

soil type in graves that is a mixture of sand, gravel and light clay

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50
Q

What is the bordeaux mixture?

A

Mix of lime, copper sulfate and water to help avoid fungal problems

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51
Q

Name two major moderating climactic features of BDX?

A

Atlantic and Gironde

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52
Q

What marks the southern end of St. Estephe and what two major estates does is separate?

A

The Jalle du Breuil and it separates Cos d’Estournel from Lafite

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53
Q

What is the average size of a barrique in BDX?

A

225L

54
Q

What was the final vintage for Laville Haut Brion? What was it classified for?

A

2008, white wine

55
Q

Who commissioned the 1855 classification?

A

Emperor Napoleon III

56
Q

Name the 2nd label of cheval blanc and Ausone

A

Petite Cheval

La Chapelle d’Ausone

57
Q

1885- Pauillac

A

1
Lafite
Mouton (1973)
Latour

2
Pichon Longueville comtesse de la lande
Pichon Longueville Baron

3

4
Duhart-Milon

5
Lynch Bages
Pontet Canet
Batailly
Haut Batailly
Grand Puy Lacoste
Grand Puy Ducasse
Lynch Moussas
Haut-Bages-Liberal
Pedesclaux
Clerc-Milon
Croizet-Bages
D'armailhac
58
Q

What region in France has more acreage under vine than any other?

A

BDX

59
Q

Where does BDX fall on the Winkler scale

A

Region II

60
Q

What wine region in France receives the most rainfall

A

Medoc

61
Q

Most planted red grape in BDX (also in France)

A

Merlot

62
Q

Most planted white grape in BDX

A

Semillon

63
Q

Merlot and Malbec share what parent variety

A

Magdeleine Noirs des Charentes

64
Q

How is rose allowed to be made in BDX

A

Red grapes only

Clairet is the darker style

65
Q

BDX Superior AOP wines may be what?

A

Red and Medium sweet whites (no dry whites or rose)

66
Q

BDX AOP Vs. BDX Superior red wines may be released when

A

Bordeaux AOP- Mid jan

Superior
Elevage must continue until mid June as opposed

67
Q

Cremant de Bordeaux AOP wines must be aged for how long and are made in what style

A

White and Rose

Trad method

Min 9 months lees

68
Q

The Atlantique IGP spans what 5 departments

What are they allowed to make

A 
Gironde
Charente (Coganc)
Charente Maritime (Coganc)
Dordogne 
Lot-et-Garrone

Red white or rose

69
Q

Who built the canals for drainage, what are the called

A

Jalles were build by the dutch

70
Q

Who was Jean Baptiste Colbert and what was his significance

A

Finance Minister to Louis XIV who ordered the planted of forests in Toncais and Limousin to increase oak tree planting

71
Q

First BDX wine to show up with a brand Name?

A

Haut Brion (Ho Bryan)

72
Q

London International Vitners Exchange (Liv-Ex) was founded in what year and does what

A

2009,

List is based on current trading prices on the exchange. ONLY LEFT BANK WINES

73
Q

What is the 1 Premier cru superieur

A

d’Yquem

74
Q

“First I am, Second I was” was uttered by who and in what year

A

“Mouton doesn’t change”

1973

75
Q

What three diseases show up in BDX at the end of the 19th C

A

Odium (Powderey Mildew)- 1852

Phylloxera

Peronospera

76
Q

Three greatest BDX vintage of the 40s

A

1945, 47, 49

77
Q

What year was the terrible BDX freee that led to replantin

A

1956

78
Q

1st chateau to begin estate bottling, what year

A

Mouton 1924

79
Q

Place de Bordeaux is a how many tier system and what are they?

A

3

  1. Chateau (Production)
  2. Sales (Negociant)
  3. Broker (Courtier)
80
Q

Who was the first chateau to opt out of en primuer and in what year

A

Chateau Latour, 2012

81
Q

Most common style of Vine training on the left vs. right bank

A

Left Bank- Double Guyot

Right Bank- Simple Guyot

82
Q

Where is Cordon training common in BDX

A

Sauternes, allows for easier botrytis

83
Q

What style of Vine training is common in Sauternes and why

A

Cordon, helps attract botrytis

84
Q

Major viticultural concerns in BDX

A

Powdery and Downy Mildew

85
Q

What is the only classified and certified BIO D producer in BDX

A

Pontet- Canet

86
Q

Who is the only bio D producer in Sauternes

A

Chateau Climens

87
Q

What does a density sorter do

A

It allows riper berries to sink during sorting and nonripe berries to float and be disguarded

88
Q

Is chaptilization allowed i BDX

A

Yes

89
Q

Define Remontage

A

Cap Management, similar to burgundian Pigeage

90
Q

Where does Malo take place first, burgundy or BDX and why

A

BDX, wines need to be ready for en primeur tastings sooner

91
Q

Do white wines generally go through mallo in BDX

A

No usually

92
Q

Define Cliquage

A

A less intense version of oxygenation where small amounts of OXygen are applied to finsihed wine in the barrel

93
Q

Second wines in BDX generally comprise more of what and less of what

A

More melot, less new oak

94
Q

What is the name of the Forest that moderates WEstern Medoc

A

Landes Forest (Man Made)- Coastal Pines

95
Q

What commune has the deepest croupes

A

Paulliac

96
Q

What commune has the largest amount of classed VINEYARDS?

A

St- Julien

97
Q

5 communes of Margaux

A 
CALMS
Cantenac
Arsac
Labarde
Margaux
Soussac
98
Q

Two best producers in Moulis and Listrac

A

Chasse Spleen

Chateau Poujeaux

99
Q

What are the two other classifications that exist for the medoc

A

Cru Bourgeois

Cru Artisian

100
Q

Cru ARTISITAN Def

A

No large financing
44 small producers
Small scale (usually less 6ha)

101
Q

Cru Bourgeois def

A

Est 1932
444 properties
As of 2008 properties are revised yearly- submitting to blind tasting panel

3 sub catagories ( no longer as of 2008)

  1. Cru Bourgeois Exceptional
  2. Cru Bourgeois Superior
  3. Cru Bourgeois
102
Q

In what year did the INAO pass Pessag-Leognan AOC

A

1987

103
Q

Haut Brion has more CS or merlot planted

A

Merlot

104
Q

Hows must grapes be legally harvested in sauternes

A

Succesive tries

105
Q

Barsac wines may be labeled as what to communes

A

Barsac and Sauternes. Barsac is the largest ocmmune

106
Q

If producers in Sauterenes or Barsac want to make dry wine, what must it be labeled as

A

Bordeaux AOP

107
Q

First vintage of ygrec

A

1959

108
Q

What are the three communes of Ceron AOP

A

Cersons
Podensac
Illats

109
Q

What are the three communes of Ceron allowed to make

A

Sweet wine under CERON AOP

Dry red and white under Graves AOP

110
Q

What are the only two right bank appelations allowed to make white win

A

Blaye and Bourg in the NOrth. You may also plant for Bodreaux AOP wines

111
Q

Which bank is drier L or R

A

Right bank, also has greater temp swings

112
Q

What appelation has the largest amount of chinese owned estates

A

Fronsac

113
Q

Name two notable BDX consultants

A

Michel Rolland

Stephan Dernoncourt

114
Q

Pomeral has not only clay but a fair amount of what?

A

Gravel

115
Q

What is the difference between Saint Emillion and Saint Emillion GC AOP

A

Saint- Emillion Grand Cru must be esate bottled, lower yelds and longer elevage

Saint- Emillion may be bottled by negoc

116
Q

What is the difference between wine labled

“Saint Emillion Grand Cru”
and
“Saint Emillion Grand Cru Classe”

A

Saint Emillion Grand Cru- Appelation

Saint Emillion Grand Cru Classe- PClassified producer within appelation

117
Q

Saint Emillion Ranking for producers

A

Premeir Grand Cru Classe A- Best
Premeir Grand Cru Classe B- 2nd
Grand Cru Classe- 3rd

118
Q

How long does Saint emilion Ranking for producer last

A

10 years

119
Q

Name the 4 Premier Grand Cru Clase A

A

CAAP

Cheval Blanc
Pavie
Ausone
Angeleus

120
Q

Name the 4 Premier Grand Cru Clase A 2nd label

A

The Petite Chapel Carries Aroma

Petite Cheval
Chappelle des Ausone
L’Carrillon de Angelus
Les Aromes de Pavie

121
Q

What is the smallest village appelation in BDX

A

Pomerol

122
Q

What is the soil that most of Petrus is planted to

A

Blue Clay

123
Q

What are the three main soil types of Pomerol

A

Clay, Sand, Gravel

124
Q

What ripens first Pomerol or St. Emillion

A

Pomerol by a few days

125
Q

What is Crasse de fer and where do you find it?

A

Iron rich sands found in pomerol

126
Q

What is the cepage for petrus most years

A

100% merlot due to its location on blue clay

127
Q

Chateau des Sales is located where and its cepage is unique due to what

A

Pomerol, mostly CS

128
Q

Name 7 Pomerol Producers

A 
Petrus
Le Pin
VCC
Lafleur
l'Evangile
Trotanoy
Clinet
Consellante
129
Q

What is the most planted grape in Entre Deux Mers

A

Merlot for BDX and BDX SUperior Wines

130
Q

Where is the largest planting of malbec foubnd in BDX

A

Bourg

131
Q

Who is the best producer in Bourg

A

Chateau Roc de Cambes

TL- Bordeaux (1 decks)

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