bootcamp prep Flashcards
mean
The average result of a test, survey, or experiment
median
The score that divides the sorted results in half, the middle value. If a set has even number of elements, median is average of two middle values
mode
The most common/frequent value of a test, survey, or experiment. You can have multiple modes if there’s a tie in frequency, or no mode if no value appears more than once.
variance
Measure of how far a set of numbers are spread out from their mean
range
Difference between largest and smallest elements in a set
standard deviation
Square root of variance
significance
The measure of whether the results of research were due to chance
p-value
The way in which significance is quantified and reported statistically
correlation
The degree to which two factors appear to be related (should not be confused with causation)
causation
Relationship where one factor causes the other
r value
The way in which correlation is reported statistically (-1 to +1)
An r-value towards -1 indicates increasing negative correlation between two variables (as one variable’s values increase, the other variable’s values decrease)
An r-value towards +1 indicates increasing positive correlation between two variables (as one variable’s values increase, the other variable’s values increase)
An r-value of 0 means no correlation between variables
permutation
probability - order matters, give the formula
combination
In probability, if order doesn’t matter, then we have a combination.
scaling of a vector
constant times each number in a vector
norm of a vector
square root of the squares. Also know how to write it.
