booklet A

Question 1

what is growth

Answer 1

variable across different body parts in some measured in quantity such as height and weight

Question 2

what is development

Answer 2

a complex change that follow a orderly sequence including an increase of skills abilities and capabilities

Question 3

infancy

Answer 3

0-2

Question 4

early child hood

Answer 4

3-8

Question 5

adolescence

Answer 5

9-18

Question 6

early adulthood

Answer 6

19-45

Question 7

middle adulthood

Answer 7

45-65

Question 8

later adulthood

Answer 8

65+

Question 9

gross motor skills

Answer 9

large movements that involve large muscles for example rolling over

Question 10

fine motor skills

Answer 10

small movements that require precise direction and involves smaller muscles for example picking up a pencil

Question 11

palmar grasp

Answer 11

infant strokes their palm - until 5 to 6 months of age

Question 12

pincer grasp

Answer 12

9-12 months - using index and thumb or middle use to pick up small objects picking up raisins ,cereals

Question 13

gross motor skill for 3 year old

Answer 13

run

Question 14

fine motor skill for 3 year old

Answer 14

turn page of book

Question 15

gross for 4 years old

Answer 15

kick , throw large ball

Question 16

fine for 4 years old

Answer 16

tripod grip , hand eye coordination develops

Question 17

gross for 5 years old

Answer 17

walk in a straight line

Question 18

fine for 5 years old

Answer 18

write their own name ,
draw , cut out simple shapes

Question 19

gross for 6 year old

Answer 19

skips , ride bike

Question 20

gross 7 year old

Answer 20

run forwards and backwards

Question 21

gross 8 years old

Answer 21

good strength , swimming , football

Question 22

fine 8 years old

Answer 22

used joined up hand writing

Question 23

puberty

Answer 23

period of rapid growth young people reach sexual maturity become biologically able to reproduce and sexual characteristic develop

Question 24

hormones

Answer 24

chemical substances produced in body and transported into the blood stream that control or regulate body cells

Question 25

primary sexual characteristic

Answer 25

changes or development of reproductive organs

Question 26

secondary sexual characteristic

Answer 26

outward/external signs of development

Question 27

Female PSC

Answer 27

menstrual cycle commences
ovaries begin to release eggs
uterus enlarges and vagina lengthens

Question 28

Male PSC

Answer 28

enlargement of penis and testes
spotaneous erections caused by blood flowing into chambers of penis may happen
testicles produce spermatozoa (sperm) beginning of ejaculation

Question 29

Female SSC

Answer 29

breast develop areola swells and darkens
hair grows in armpits and pubic hair
redistribution of body fat causing hips to widen

Question 30

Male SSC

Answer 30

changes in larynx causes voice to deepen
hair grows in armpit and pubic area , facial hair
redistribution of muscle tissue and fat

Question 31

perimenopause symptoms

Answer 31

hot flushes night sweats
loss of libido causes vaginal dryness
estrogen’s levels decrease - stop producing eggs

Question 32

later adulthood

Answer 32

skin looses elasticity -leads to wrinkles
immune system weakens -increased likelihood of infections
hearing or vision decline - leading to difficulty with reading or with communication

Question 33

Piaget stages of cognitive development

Answer 33

sensorimotor 0-2 - object permanence
preoperational 2-7 - egocentric
concrete operational 7-11- develop ability to conserve
formal operational 11-18- developed abstract thinking

Question 34

what activity can be used to encourage the sensorimotor 0-2 stage

Answer 34

playing peekaboo

Question 35

what activity can be used to encourage the pre operational 2-7 stage

Answer 35

play with toys that change shape so they understand how to conserve

play dress up or house so they can use their own imagination to make sense of the world

Question 36

what activity can be used to encourage the concrete operation 7-11 stage

Answer 36

give concrete apparatus like counters to solve problems

simple experiments to give them a change to manipulate objects and test ideas
group work

Question 37

what activity can be used to encourage the pre operational 2-7stage

Answer 37

play with toys that change shape so they understand how to conserve

play dress up or house so they can use their own imagination to make sense of the world

Question 38

what activity can be used to encourage the formal operation 11-18 stage

Answer 38

teach broad concepts rather than facts such as poetry

ask them to write short stories about hypothetical topics such as living in outer space

Question 39

evaluation of Piaget - strength’s

Answer 39

influenced early education - discovery play

considers nature and nurture

increased our knowledge of children’s cognitive development and influenced teaching methods

Question 40

evaluation of Piaget weakness

Answer 40

stages of intellectual development may be fluid - underestimated or overestimated abilities of children

Burners - Paget’s fixed stages believes with adult support children can be helped to progress to higher level thinking skills .Bruner also believes ability to use logical thinking may depend on the amount of encouragement they have received to think logically

some researchers suggest that it takes longer than 11 years to become skilled in abstract logical thinking - it could depend on the environment and quality of formal and informal education.