Booklet 4 March Test Flashcards
What education Law was never introduced in the south?
Casarti Law- primary school compulsory. South too illiterate.
What was Cavour’s attitude towards the South?
Poor. Didn’t fully understand their situation.
Very harsh. Crushed any opposition in the South.
Define Piedmontisation.
Modernisation of Italy following unification and the dominance of Piedmont.
How was Piedmontisation paid for?
High taxes.
Decreasing Church wealth.
Why didn’t the jury system work in the south?
Mafia able to corrupt and intimidate jurors.
Why was Lombardy upset by Piedmontisation?
Lombardy has been promised its own constitution but were swept aside by Piedmontisation- La Mamora.
List 3 groups who made up the Brigands.
-Former soldiers.
-Nobles.
-Farmers
How many soldiers were deployed by Piedmont to crush the Brigands?
120,000. More than against Austria.
How many Brigands were there and name one of their leaders.
-82,000.
-Crocco.
How big was Italy’s debt by 1861?
2,450 million lire.
What unpopular taxes were introduced in 1865 and 1868?
-1865- flour tax.
-1868- Grist Tax (corn milling).
By 1866 what % of state expenditure was spent on the deficit?
60%
What happened following the introduction of 1868 Grist Tax?
250 deaths, 1000 injured in riots in the following week
When did the state start to sell off church land and how many acres were sold in next 9 years?
1867
Nearly 9 million acres.
What % of agricultural produce was used each year to finance state debt?
30%.
By 1861, how many industrial workers were there and what % were women and children?
3 million workers.
80% women and children.
Which states had absolutely no railway?
Sardinia and Sicily.
When was the Mount Cenis tunnel opened?
1871
What is meant by the term “dual economy”?
Varying economy throughout a country.
Which 2 foreign powers were entrenched in Italy and where were they?
-France in Rome.
-Austria in Venetia.
