Booklet 1A - Dynamics (Factual) Flashcards
What is the difference between a vector and a scalar?
Scalar requires size (magnitude) only
Vector requires size (magnitude) and direction
Which of the following are scalars? Time, Momentum, Acceleration, Energy, Speed, Velocity, Displacement, Distance, Force
Scalars: Time, Energy, Speed, Distance
Which of the following are vectors? Mass, Weight, Momentum, Impulse, Work, Temperature, Acceleration, Velocity, Speed
Vectors: Weight, Momentum, Impulse, Acceleration, Velocity
What is the difference between distance and displacement?
Distance is the length of the actual path travelled, Displacement is the straight line distance between where you started and where you finished, with a direction.
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
Speed is distance divided by time (OR rate of chage of distance) and is a scalar.
Velocity is the displacement divided by time (OR rate of change of displacement) and is a vector, i.e. has a direction.
What is speed?
Change in distance per second (OR rate of change of distance).
What is velocity?
Change in displacement per second (OR rate of change of displacement).
What is acceleration?
Change in velocity per second (OR rate of change of velocity).
Describe an experiment to measure the acceleration of a trolley in a lab.
Ensure that the mask cuts the light gates. Measure the length of the mask (d) using a ruler. Using the timer measure the times for the mask to cut the first light gate (t1), the second light gate (t2) and the time for the mask to travel between light gates (t). Calculate the initial velocity (u) using u=d/t1 and the final velocity (v) using v=d/t2. Calculate the acceleration (a) using a = (v-u)/t.
What is calculated from the area under a speed-time graph?
Distance travelled
What is calculated from the area under a velocity - time graph?
Displacement
What is calculated from the gradient of a displacement-time graph?
Velocity
What is calculated from the gradient of a velocity-time graph?
Acceleration
A ball is thrown upwards into the air and is allowed to fall and bounce. See graph.
Between which points on the graph is the ball travelling upwards?
A-B, D-F,
A ball is thrown upwards into the air and is allowed to fall and bounce. See graph.
Between which points on the graph is the ball hitting the ground?
C-E, G-I
A ball is thrown upwards into the air and is allowed to fall and bounce. See graph.
At which points is the ball at the top of it’s flight?
B, F