Book1 Flashcards
ATOMOS
DEMOCRITUS
ATOMIC THEORY AND LAW OF MULTIPLE PROPORTION
JOHN DALTON
LAW OF DEFINITE PROPORTION
JOSEPH PROUST
ELECTRON
JJ THOMPSON
NEUTRON
JAMEST CHADWICH
PROTON
ERNEST RUTHERFORD
CREATED THE MODERN PERIODIC TABLE
DMITRI MENDELEEV
DEVELOP THEORY OF COVALENT BOND
GILBERT LEWIS
FORMULATED VALENCE THEORY AND ELECTRONEGATIVITY
LINUS PAULING
matter remains the same befor and after reaction occur
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS
same reactant = same product
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS
same proportion of elemet by mass
LAW OF DEFINITE PROPORTION
two elements when combined form more than one compound
LAW OF MULTIPLE PROPORTION
6.02 x 10-23 mol-1
AVOGADRO’S NUMBER
EQUAL VOLUME, GAS, SAME TEMP. AND PRESSURE, SAME NUMBER OF MOLECULE
AVOGADRO’S LAWS
smallest constituent unit of matter
ATOM
CANNOT BE BROKEN DOWN INTO SMALLER SUBSTANCES
ELEMENTS
TWO OR MORE DIFFERENT ELEMENTS
COMPOUNDS
SIMPKEST TERM OF SUBSTANCE
ELEMENTS
IS PART OF AN ELEMENT
ATOM
NUMBER OF PROTON IN A NUCLEUS
ATOMIC NUMBER
TOTAL # OF PROTON AND NEUTRON IN A NUCLEUS
MASS NUMBER
SAME ELEMENT WITH DIFFERENT NUMBER NEUTRON
ISOTOPES
FATHER OF CHEMISTRY
ANTOINE LAURENT LAVOISIER
IN NEUTRAL ATOM THEY ARE THE SAME
PROTONS = ELECTRON
DESCRIBE THE POSITION AND ENERGY OF ELECTRON IN AN ATOM
QUANTUM NUMBERS
DESCRIBE HOW ELECTRONS ARE DISTRIBUTED IN ITS ATOMIC ORBITALS
ELECTRON CONFIGURATION
ENUMERATE THE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF ELECTRONS PER SUBSHELL
s=2, p=6, d=10, f=14
ENERGY REQUIRED TO REMOVE AN ELECTRON
IONIZATION ENERGY
AMOUNT OF ENERGY LIBERATED WHEN A MOLECULE OR NEUTRAL ATOM ACQUIRES AN ELECTRON
ELECTRON AFFINITY
ATTRACT ELECTRON TOWARDS ITSELF
ELECTRONEGATIVITY
ION CONSIST OF ONE ATOM
MONOATOMIC
MOLECULE CONSIST OF TWO ATOMS
DIATOMIC
NO 2 ELECTRONS CAN HAVE SAME 4 ELECTRONIC QUANTUM NUMBER
PAULI’S EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE
FILL SUBSHELLS OF THE LOWEST AVAILABLE ENERGY
AUFBAU PRINCIPLE
EVERY ORBITAL IS SINGLY OCCUPIED BEFORE ANY ORBITAL IS DOUBLY
HUND’S RULE
PERIOD IN PERIODIC TABLE
ENERGY LEVEL
rule that dictates atoms are most stable
octet rule
rule that dictates their valence shells are filled with 8 electrons
octet rule
outermost shell of an atom
valence shell
electron in outermost shell of any atom
valence electron
when atom gain or lose valence electron they become
ions
an atom or gorup of atom that has an electric charge
ions
two types of ions
cations and anions
are negatively charge
electron
when atom loses an electron they become positive or negative?
positive
when atom gains an electron they become positive or negative
negative
