Book Review Questions 10

Question 1

A diploid cell has ___ the number of chromosomes as a haploid cell
one-fourth
half
twice
four times

Answer 1

Twice

Question 2

An organism’s traits are determined by the specific combination of inherited ____
cells.
genes.
proteins.
chromatids.

Answer 2

genes

Question 3

The first level of DNA organization in a eukaryotic cell is maintained by which molecule
cohesin
condensin
chromatin
histone

Answer 3

Histone

Question 4

Identical copies of chromatin held together by cohesin at the centromere are called
histones.
nucleosomes.
chromatin.
sister chromatids.

Answer 4

sister chromatids

Question 5

Chromosomes are duplicated during what stage of the cell cycle
G1 phase
S phase
prophase
prometaphase

Answer 5

S phase

Question 6

Which of the following events does not occur during some stages of interphase
DNA duplication
organelle duplication
increase in cell size
separation of sister chromatids

Answer 6

separation of sister chromatids

Question 7

The mitotic spindles arise from which cell structure?
centromere
centrosome
kinetochore
cleavage furrow

Answer 7

Centrosome

Question 8

Attachment of the mitotic spindle fibers to the kinetochores is a characteristic of which stage of mitosis?
prophase
prometaphase
metaphase
anaphase

Answer 8

Pro-metaphase

Question 9

Unpacking of chromosomes and the formation of a new nuclear envelope is a characteristic of which stage of mitosis?
prometaphase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase

Answer 9

Telophase

Question 10

Separation of the sister chromatids is a characteristic of which stage of mitosis?
prometaphase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase

Answer 10

Anaphase

Question 11

The chromosomes become visible under a light microscope during which stage of mitosis?
prophase
prometaphase
metaphase
anaphase

Answer 11

prophase

Question 12

The fusing of Golgi vesicles at the metaphase plate of dividing plant cells forms what structure?
cell plate
actin ring
cleavage furrow
mitotic spindle

Answer 12

Cell Plate

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct order of events in mitosis?

Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. The kinetochore becomes attached to the mitotic spindle. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides. Cohesin proteins break down and the sister chromatids separate.
The kinetochore becomes attached to the mitotic spindle. Cohesin proteins break down and the sister chromatids separate. Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides.
The kinetochore becomes attached to the cohesin proteins. Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. The kinetochore breaks down and the sister chromatids separate. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides.
The kinetochore becomes attached to the mitotic spindle. Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. Cohesin proteins break down and the sister chromatids separate. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides.
16. At which of the cell-cycle checkpoints

Answer 13

The kinetochore becomes attached to the mitotic spindle. Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. Cohesin proteins break down and the sister chromatids separate. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides.

Question 14

At which of the cell-cycle checkpoints do external forces have the greatest influence?
G1 checkpoint
G2 checkpoint
M checkpoint
G0 checkpoint

Answer 14

G1

Question 15

What is the main prerequisite for clearance at the G2 checkpoint?
cell has reached a sufficient size
an adequate stockpile of nucleotides
accurate and complete DNA replication
proper attachment of mitotic spindle fibers to kinetochores

Answer 15

accurate and complete DNA replication

Question 16

If the M checkpoint is not cleared, what stage of mitosis will be blocked?
prophase
prometaphase
metaphase
anaphase

Answer 16

Anaphase

Question 17

Which protein is a positive regulator that phosphorylates other proteins when activated?
p53
retinoblastoma protein (Rb)
cyclin
cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)

Answer 17

CDK- Cyclin Dependent Kinase

Question 18

Many of the negative regulator proteins of the cell cycle were discovered in what type of cells?
gametes
cells in G0
cancer cells
stem cells

Answer 18

cancer cells

Question 19

Which negative regulatory molecule can trigger cell suicide (apoptosis) if vital cell cycle events do not occur?
p53
p21
retinoblastoma protein (Rb)
cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)

Answer 19

P53

Question 20

____ are changes to the order of nucleotides in a segment of DNA that codes for protein
Proto-oncogenes
Tumor suppressor genes
Gene mutations
Negative regulators

Answer 20

Gene mutations

Question 21

A gene that codes for a positive cell-cycle regulator is called a(n) _____.
kinase inhibitor.
tumor suppressor gene.
proto-oncogene.
oncogene.

Answer 21

proto-oncogene

Question 22

A mutated gene that codes for an altered version of Cdk that is active in the absence of cyclin is a(n) _____.
kinase inhibitor.
tumor suppressor gene.
proto-oncogene.
oncogene.

Answer 22

oncogene

Question 23

Which molecule is a Cdk inhibitor that is controlled by p53?
cyclin
anti-kinase
Rb
p21

Answer 23

p21

Question 24

Which eukaryotic cell-cycle event is missing in binary fission?
cell growth
DNA duplication
karyokinesis
cytokinesis

Answer 24

karyokinesis

Question 25

FtsZ proteins direct the formation of a _______ that will eventually form the new cell walls of the daughter cells. contractile ring cell plate cytoskeleton septum

Answer 25

Septum

Question 26

Human papillomavirus can cause cervical cancer. The virus encodes E6, a protein that binds p53. Based on this fact and what you know about p53, what effect do you think E6 binding has on p53 activity?

Answer 26

E6 binding marks p53 for degradation

Question 27

Which of the following statements describes a characteristic feature of metaphase

Answer 27

alignment of chromosomes on the equator of the wall

Question 28

Which of the following properties is associated with CDK- Cyclin Dependent Kinase

Answer 28

CDK is an enzyme that attaches phosphate group to other proteins

Question 29

After DNA Replication, each duplicated chromosome consists of two of which of the following structures

Answer 29

Sister Chromatids