Book: Chapter 10 Terms + Questions

Question 1

What is meiosis?

Answer 1

Type of nuclear division that decreases the chromosome number by 50%.
-Prevents generations from doubling chromosomes each time

Question 2

What does haploid number represent?

Answer 2

The number of chromosomes in one set (n)

Question 3

What is the diploid number represent?

Answer 3

The total number of chromosomes in a cell (2n)

Question 4

What are reproductive cells called?

Answer 4

Gametes (sperm and egg)

Question 5

Sperm and egg cells merge into a _____.

Answer 5

Zygote

Question 6

What is a pictorial display of chromosomes in their pairs called?

Answer 6

Karyotype

Question 7

The exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids during meiosis 1.

Answer 7

Crossing-over

Question 8

Homologous pairs can carry slightly different instructions, or ____, for the same genetic traits

Answer 8

alleles

Question 9

During ____ ____, the homologous chromosome pairs separate independently.

Answer 9

independent assortment

Question 10

Variation resulting from meiosis is enhanced by ____.

Answer 10

fertilization

Question 11

What is the name of the small cell that is formed during oogenesis that does not form into an egg?

Answer 11

polar body

Question 12

How many combinations of chromosomes are possible in the gametes in a cell with four pairs of homologous chromosomes?

Answer 12

16

Question 13

What happens during telophase II?

Answer 13

The spindle disappears, nuclei reform, and cytokinesis begins

Question 14

The correct number of chromosomes in a species is called ____

Answer 14

euploidy

Question 15

When does crossing-over occur?

Answer 15

during meiosis I in eukaryotes

Question 16

During which stage of meiosis are the homologous chromosomes aligned at the middle of the cell?

Answer 16

metaphase I

Question 17

A _____ is the movement of a chromosome segment from one chromosome to another.

Answer 17

translocation